{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T22:27:24Z","timestamp":1781562444241,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Schultz Foundation; Australian Wildlife Society"},{"name":"Nature Foundation of South Australia"},{"name":"Sir Mark Mitchell Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008190","name":"Holsworth Wildlife Research Endowment","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008702","name":"Ecological Society of Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008702","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T17:20:29Z","timestamp":1604596829000},"page":"109306","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Fractional seroprevalence rates in common prey species can cause more than half of feral cats to be exposed to Toxoplasma gondii annually"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"288","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9523-0463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick L.","family":"Taggart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles G.B.","family":"Caraguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5457-2678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milton M.","family":"McAllister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0005","first-page":"201","article-title":"An examination of the Reed-Frost theory of epidemics","volume":"24","author":"Abbey","year":"1952","journal-title":"Hum. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2006.07.010","article-title":"Transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in an urban population of domestic cats (Felis catus)","volume":"36","author":"Afonso","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182007003320","article-title":"Toxoplasmosis in prey species and consequences for prevalence in feral cats: not all prey species are equal","volume":"134","author":"Afonso","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268899002113","article-title":"Potential contamination of drinking water with Toxoplasma gondii oocysts","volume":"122","author":"Aramini","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.03.001","article-title":"Development of lesions and tissue distribution of parasite in lambs orally infected with sporulated oocysts of Toxoplasma gondii","volume":"179","author":"Benavides","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1182","article-title":"Fatal attraction in rats infected with Toxoplasma gondii","volume":"267","author":"Berdoy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B, Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.12.019","article-title":"Neuroinflammation-associated aspecific manipulation of mouse predator fear by toxoplasma gondii","volume":"30","author":"Boillat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1007\/s10530-010-9851-3","article-title":"The diet of feral cats on islands: a review and a call for more studies","volume":"13","author":"Bonnaud","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Invasions"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2017.06.002","article-title":"Geographical distribution of Toxoplasma gondii genotypes in Asia: a link with neighboring continents","volume":"53","author":"Chaichan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0050","article-title":"Top carnivore decline has cascading effects on scavengers and carrion persistence","volume":"285","author":"Cunningham","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-1342.1","article-title":"Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in wild rodents from central coastal California and a review of T. Gondii prevalence in rodents","volume":"94","author":"Dabritz","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.2307\/3284206","article-title":"Infectivity and pathogenicity of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts for cats","volume":"82","author":"Dubey","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2001)087[0215:OSBCFI]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Oocyst shedding by cats fed isolated bradyzoites and comparison of infectivity of bradyzoites of the VEG strain Toxoplasma gondii to cats and mice","volume":"87","author":"Dubey","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.03.018","article-title":"Comparative infectivity of oocysts and bradyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii for intermediate (mice) and definitive (cats) hosts","volume":"140","author":"Dubey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.132.4.636","article-title":"The Toxoplasma gondii oocyst from cat feces","volume":"132","author":"Dubey","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-902R.1","article-title":"Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Grenada, West Indies","volume":"92","author":"Dubey","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2018.12.007","article-title":"Evidence of high exposure to Toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging and captive African carnivores","volume":"8","author":"Ferreira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Parasites Wildl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-196","article-title":"Toxoplasma gondii in sympatric wild herbivores and carnivores: epidemiology of infection in the Western Alps","volume":"7","author":"Ferroglio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112449","article-title":"A commentary on the mechanical analogue to the Reed-Frost epidemic model","volume":"106","author":"Fine","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0097937","article-title":"How does a carnivore guild utilise a substantial but unpredictable anthropogenic food source? Scavenging on hunter-shot ungulate carcasses by wild dogs\/dingoes, red foxes and feral cats in south-eastern Australia revealed by camera traps","volume":"9","author":"Forsyth","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.00461","article-title":"Global status of Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in rodents: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Galeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0110","series-title":"Epidemiologic Methods for the Study of Infectious Diseases. Chap 4: Concepts of Transmission and Dynamics","author":"Halloran","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0691.2002.00485.x","article-title":"Toxoplasma gondii: transmission, diagnosis and prevention","volume":"8","author":"Hill","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0120","series-title":"Field Assessment of the Curosity Bait for Management of Feral Cats in the Semi-arid Zone (Flinders Rangers National Park)","author":"Johnston","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s13364-010-0016-7","article-title":"The diet of the feral cat (Felis catus) in north-eastern Australia","volume":"56","author":"Kutt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Theriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tpb.2010.05.005","article-title":"Transmission dynamics of Toxoplasma gondii along an urban\u2013rural gradient","volume":"78","author":"L\u00e9lu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Theor. Popul. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2380","article-title":"The impact of free-ranging domestic cats on wildlife of the United States","volume":"4","author":"Loss","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2008.01174.x","article-title":"Prevention of shedding and re\u2010shedding of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in experimentally infected cats treated with oral clindamycin: a preliminary study","volume":"56","author":"Malmasi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-0276108042013002","article-title":"Toxoplasmosis seroprevalence in urban rodents: a survey in Niamey, Niger","volume":"108","author":"Mercier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1071\/AM11035","article-title":"Predation of the Julia Creek dunnart (Sminthopsis douglasi) and other native fauna by cats and foxes on Mitchell grass downs in Queensland","volume":"34","author":"Mifsud","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aust. Mammal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1645\/18-58","article-title":"Role of rats (Rattus norvegicus) in the epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Grenada, West Indies","volume":"104","author":"Murata","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2019.06.013","article-title":"Introduced cats (Felis catus) eating a continental fauna: the number of mammals killed in Australia","volume":"237","author":"Murphy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0165","series-title":"R: a Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013001844","article-title":"Geographical patterns of Toxoplasma gondii genetic diversity revealed by multilocus PCR-RFLP genotyping","volume":"141","author":"Shwab","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00124-7","article-title":"Toxoplasma gondii: from animals to humans","volume":"30","author":"Tenter","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D391","DOI":"10.2741\/Weiss","article-title":"The development and biology of bradyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii","volume":"5","author":"Weiss","year":"2000","journal-title":"Frontiers in Bioscience: A Journal and Virtual Library"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0185","series-title":"ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis","author":"Wickham","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1071\/AM17033","article-title":"The diet of the feral cat (Felis catus), red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and dog (Canis familiaris) over a three-year period at Witchelina Reserve, in arid South Australia","volume":"40","author":"Woinarski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aust. Mammal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s13364-014-0208-7","article-title":"Diet of the feral cat, Felis catus, in central Australian grassland habitats during population cycles of its principal prey","volume":"60","author":"Yip","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mamm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.10.021","article-title":"Toxoplasma gondii: a study of oocyst re-shedding in domestic cats","volume":"249","author":"Zulpo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."}],"container-title":["Veterinary Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304401720302867?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304401720302867?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T01:35:28Z","timestamp":1759628128000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0304401720302867"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0304401720302867"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-4017"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-4017","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fractional seroprevalence rates in common prey species can cause more than half of feral cats to be exposed to Toxoplasma gondii annually","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Parasitology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109306","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109306"}}