{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T05:06:09Z","timestamp":1773291969830,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]],"date-time":"2008-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1220227200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]],"date-time":"2008-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1220227200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,17]],"date-time":"2013-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1811,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,13]],"date-time":"2008-08-13T16:45:39Z","timestamp":1218645939000},"page":"205-212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The requirement of reactive oxygen intermediates for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus binding and growth"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"379","author":[{"given":"Ryan D.","family":"Michalek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. Troy","family":"Pellom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beth C.","family":"Holbrook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason M.","family":"Grayson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5496","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.67.9.5496-5501.1993","article-title":"Sindbis virus membrane fusion is mediated by reduction of glycoprotein disulfide bridges at the cell surface","volume":"67","author":"Abell","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13057","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01495-07","article-title":"Entry of hepatitis delta virus requires the conserved cysteine residues of the hepatitis B virus envelope protein antigenic loop and is blocked by inhibitors of thiol-disulfide exchange","volume":"81","author":"Abou-Jaoude","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.160.2.521","article-title":"Selection of genetic variants of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in spleens of persistently infected mice. Role in suppression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte response and viral persistence","volume":"160","author":"Ahmed","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026043388466","article-title":"Inhibitors of HIV-1 gene expression and transcription","volume":"4","author":"Baba","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Top Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.52.1.111","article-title":"The role of oxidative stress in disease progression in individuals infected by the human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"52","author":"Baruchel","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S140","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.1998.tb01632.x","article-title":"The influence of antioxidant nutrients on viral infection","volume":"56","author":"Beck","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2391","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.18.2391","article-title":"Hemorrhagic fever viruses as biological weapons: medical and public health management","volume":"287","author":"Borio","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1126\/science.897670","article-title":"Butylated hydroxytoluene protects chickens exposed to Newcastle disease virus","volume":"197","author":"Brugh","year":"1977","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib9","series-title":"Fields Virology","article-title":"Arenaviridae: the virus and their replication","author":"Buchmaier","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(94)90018-3","article-title":"Oxidative stress as a mediator of apoptosis","volume":"15","author":"Buttke","year":"1994","journal-title":"Immunol. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(03)00023-6","article-title":"Inhibition of influenza infection by glutathione","volume":"34","author":"Cai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5396.2079","article-title":"Identification of alpha-dystroglycan as a receptor for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and Lassa fever virus","volume":"282","author":"Cao","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19715","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M101526200","article-title":"Oxidant tone regulates RANTES gene expression in airway epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus. Role in viral-induced interferon regulatory factor activation","volume":"276","author":"Casola","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4746","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V87.11.4746.bloodjournal87114746","article-title":"In vitro antioxidant treatment recovers proliferative responses of anergic CD4+ lymphocytes from human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals","volume":"87","author":"Cayota","year":"1996","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2700","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.5.2700","article-title":"Loss of GSH, oxidative stress, and decrease of intracellular pH as sequential steps in viral infection","volume":"272","author":"Ciriolo","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7350","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.67.12.7350-7359.1993","article-title":"Replication of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus is restricted in terminally differentiated neurons","volume":"67","author":"de la Torre","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20010659","article-title":"Discrete generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide by T cell receptor stimulation: selective regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and fas ligand expression","volume":"195","author":"Devadas","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000149938","article-title":"Classification and nomenclature of viruses. Second report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses","volume":"7","author":"Fenner","year":"1976","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1086\/318823","article-title":"The catalytic activity of protein disulfide isomerase is involved in human immunodeficiency virus envelope-mediated membrane fusion after CD4 cell binding","volume":"183","author":"Fenouillet","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa053240","article-title":"Transmission of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus by organ transplantation","volume":"354","author":"Fischer","year":"2006","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7632","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.16.7632","article-title":"Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 represses expression of manganese superoxide dismutase in HeLa cells","volume":"90","author":"Flores","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2007.11.004","article-title":"Inhibition of murine AIDS by pro-glutathione (GSH) molecules","volume":"77","author":"Fraternale","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antiviral Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.62.1.54","article-title":"Intracellular GSH content and HIV replication in human macrophages","volume":"62","author":"Garaci","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S110","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1142","article-title":"Exotic emerging viral diseases: progress and challenges","volume":"10","author":"Geisbert","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5249","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.9.5249","article-title":"HIV-1 trans-activator of transcription substitutes for oxidative signaling in activation-induced T cell death","volume":"174","author":"Gulow","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-73-1-39","article-title":"Alterations in antioxidant defences in lung and liver of mice infected with influenza A virus","volume":"73","author":"Hennet","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6239","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.10.6239","article-title":"Visualizing the viral burden: phenotypic and functional alterations of T cells and APCs during persistent infection","volume":"172","author":"Homann","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2006.05.022","article-title":"Ikkepsilon regulates viral-induced interferon regulatory factor-3 activation via a redox-sensitive pathway","volume":"353","author":"Indukuri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1159\/000095485","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus core protein: an update on its molecular biology, cellular functions and clinical implications","volume":"15","author":"Irshad","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med. Princ. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1007\/s000180050106","article-title":"Oxidative stress in human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"53","author":"Israel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3386","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.10.3386","article-title":"Redox status of cells influences constitutive or induced NF-kappa B translocation and HIV long terminal repeat activity in human T and monocytic cell lines","volume":"149","author":"Israel","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04463.x","article-title":"Pegylated arginine deiminase lowers hepatitis C viral titers and inhibits nitric oxide synthesis","volume":"22","author":"Izzo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2328","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01940-06","article-title":"Thiol\/disulfide exchange is required for membrane fusion directed by the Newcastle disease virus fusion protein","volume":"81","author":"Jain","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)81549-F","article-title":"Pulmonary surfactant is a potential endogenous inhibitor of proteolytic activation of Sendai virus and influenza A virus","volume":"322","author":"Kido","year":"1993","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5611","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.64.11.5611-5616.1990","article-title":"In vivo selection of lymphocyte-tropic and macrophage-tropic variants of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus during persistent infection","volume":"64","author":"King","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S162","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mcg.0000155517.02468.46","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatitis C","volume":"39","author":"Korenaga","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1161\/hh0901.090299","article-title":"Novel gp91(phox) homologues in vascular smooth muscle cells : nox1 mediates angiotensin II-induced superoxide formation and redox-sensitive signaling pathways","volume":"88","author":"Lassegue","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2461","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M307251200","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species mediate virus-induced STAT activation: role of tyrosine phosphatases","volume":"279","author":"Liu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-05-1390","article-title":"Thiol\/disulfide exchange is a prerequisite for CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 envelope-mediated T-cell fusion during viral entry","volume":"103","author":"Markovic","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2214","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)30209-0","article-title":"Insulin-stimulated intracellular hydrogen peroxide production in rat epididymal fat cells","volume":"254","author":"May","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib41","first-page":"139","article-title":"Arenaviruses: genomic RNAs, transcription, and replication","volume":"262","author":"Meyer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Top Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6456","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.10.6456","article-title":"The requirement of reversible cysteine sulfenic Acid formation for T cell activation and function","volume":"179","author":"Michalek","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1089\/15230860260196245","article-title":"Redox imbalance and its control in HIV infection","volume":"4","author":"Nakamura","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox. Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.30983","article-title":"Mitochondrial injury, oxidative stress, and antioxidant gene expression are induced by hepatitis C virus core protein","volume":"122","author":"Okuda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-3542(95)00008-A","article-title":"Evidence for antiviral activity of glutathione: in vitro inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 replication","volume":"27","author":"Palamara","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antiviral Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/127.5.962S","article-title":"Oxidants and antioxidants in viral diseases: disease mechanisms and metabolic regulation","volume":"127","author":"Peterhans","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3109\/10715768709069768","article-title":"Virus-induced formation of reactive oxygen intermediates in phagocytic cells","volume":"3","author":"Peterhans","year":"1987","journal-title":"Free Radic. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.04.046","article-title":"Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus uses a novel endocytic pathway for infectious entry via late endosomes","author":"Quirin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1159\/000094245","article-title":"Oxidative stress in vero cells infected with vesicular stomatitis virus","volume":"49","author":"Riva","year":"2006","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.1993.9.1107","article-title":"HIV gene expression enhances T cell susceptibility to hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis","volume":"9","author":"Sandstrom","year":"1993","journal-title":"AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9943","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.24.9943","article-title":"Intracellular thiols regulate activation of nuclear factor kappa B and transcription of human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"87","author":"Staal","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L69","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.2001.280.1.L69","article-title":"Prevention of influenza-induced lung injury in mice overexpressing extracellular superoxide dismutase","volume":"280","author":"Suliman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.3.1569-1580.2005","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus (HCV) constitutively activates STAT-3 via oxidative stress: role of STAT-3 in HCV replication","volume":"79","author":"Waris","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07030.x","article-title":"HIV-1 Tat potentiates TNF-induced NF-kappa B activation and cytotoxicity by altering the cellular redox state","volume":"14","author":"Westendorp","year":"1995","journal-title":"EMBO J."}],"container-title":["Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0042682208004418?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0042682208004418?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T23:55:13Z","timestamp":1758585313000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0042682208004418"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0042682208004418"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-6822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-6822","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The requirement of reactive oxygen intermediates for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus binding and growth","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Virology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virol.2008.07.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}