{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T20:26:29Z","timestamp":1789849589597,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]],"date-time":"2017-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Commission FP7","award":["602604"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["602604"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,11]],"date-time":"2016-10-11T20:46:56Z","timestamp":1476218816000},"page":"322-330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Non-plaque-forming virions of Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara express viral genes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"499","author":[{"given":"Anna-Theresa","family":"L\u00fclf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Freudenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Marr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"Sutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asisa","family":"Volz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20031375","article-title":"The vaccinia virus-stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is required for virus multiplication","volume":"381","author":"Andrade","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1998.9123","article-title":"The complete genomic sequence of the modified vaccinia Ankara strain: comparison with other orthopoxviruses","volume":"244","author":"Antoine","year":"1998","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0711573105","article-title":"Kinetic analysis of a complete poxvirus transcriptome reveals an immediate-early class of genes","volume":"105","author":"Assarsson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.01.002","article-title":"Viruses for tumor therapy","volume":"15","author":"Bell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4170","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.66.7.4170-4179.1992","article-title":"Role of cell-associated enveloped vaccinia virus in cell-to-cell spread","volume":"66","author":"Blasco","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15539","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)98650-3","article-title":"Promoter DNA contacts made by the vaccinia virus early transcription factor","volume":"266","author":"Broyles","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3527(06)66002-8","article-title":"In a nutshell: structure and assembly of the vaccinia virion","volume":"66","author":"Condit","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Virus Res."},{"issue":"6557","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1038\/378636a0","article-title":"Actin-based motility of vaccinia virus","volume":"378","author":"Cudmore","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2008.03.025","article-title":"Fluorescence-based antiviral assay for the evaluation of compounds against vaccinia virus, varicella zoster virus and human cytomegalovirus","volume":"151","author":"Dal Pozzo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(57)90080-6","article-title":"The ratio of the number of virus particles to infective titer of cowpox and vaccinia virus suspensions","volume":"4","author":"Dumbell","year":"1957","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1411627","article-title":"A Monovalent Chimpanzee Adenovirus Ebola Vaccine Boosted with MVA","volume":"374","author":"Ewer","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"6756","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1038\/44860","article-title":"Actin-based motility of vaccinia virus mimics receptor tyrosine kinase signalling","volume":"401","author":"Frischknecht","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(63)90135-1","article-title":"Homologous inhibition with heated and ultraviolet-treated vaccinia virus in cultures of L cells","volume":"20","author":"Galasso","year":"1963","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.88.2.433-439.1964","article-title":"Relative plaque-forming, cell-infecting, and interfering qualities of vaccinia virus","volume":"88","author":"Galasso","year":"1964","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.03.020","article-title":"Clinical development of Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara vaccines","volume":"31","author":"Gilbert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2013.845531","article-title":"Clinical applications of attenuated MVA poxvirus strain","volume":"12","author":"Gomez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib17","series-title":"Analysen an Orthopockenviren \u00fcber Beziehungen zwischen Partikelkonzentration, Infekt\u00f6sit\u00e4t und Reaktion im ELISA","author":"Guggenberger","year":"1989"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200104124","article-title":"Vaccinia virus utilizes microtubules for movement to the cell surface","volume":"154","author":"Hollinshead","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3527(08)60597-7","article-title":"Particle counts and infectivity titrations for animal viruses","volume":"4","author":"Isaacs","year":"1957","journal-title":"Adv. Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(62)90172-1","article-title":"The purification of four strains of poxvirus","volume":"18","author":"Joklik","year":"1962","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70963-6","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of a modified-vaccinia-virus-Ankara-based influenza A H5N1 vaccine: a randomised, double-blind phase 1\/2a clinical trial","volume":"14","author":"Kreijtz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-876-4_4","article-title":"Easy and efficient protocols for working with recombinant vaccinia virus MVA","volume":"890","author":"Kremer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8720","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00707-14","article-title":"Defective viral genomes: critical danger signals of viral infections","volume":"88","author":"Lopez","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7415","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.23.7415","article-title":"Vaccinia virus: a selectable eukaryotic cloning and expression vector","volume":"79","author":"Mackett","year":"1982","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38353","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M100183200","article-title":"A mitogenic signal triggered at an early stage of vaccinia virus infection: implication of MEK\/ERK and protein kinase A in virus multiplication","volume":"276","author":"de Magalhaes","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)84169-0","article-title":"Cultivation of vaccinia virus without tissue culture","volume":"212","author":"Maitland","year":"1928","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8122","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02680-08","article-title":"Dynamics of biologically active subpopulations of influenza virus: plaque-forming, noninfectious cell-killing, and defective interfering particles","volume":"83","author":"Marcus","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2009.05.014","article-title":"Early viral protein synthesis is necessary for NF-kappaB activation in modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-infected 293 T fibroblast cells","volume":"390","author":"Martin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib29","first-page":"24","article-title":"Changes in the vaccinia virus through continuing passages in chick embryo fibroblast cultures","volume":"195","author":"Mayr","year":"1964","journal-title":"Zent. Bakteriol. Orig."},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-72-5-1031","article-title":"Mapping of deletions in the genome of the highly attenuated vaccinia virus MVA and their influence on virulence","volume":"72","author":"Meyer","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2010.00975.x","article-title":"Smallpox vaccines: targets of protective immunity","volume":"239","author":"Moss","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.3390\/v4050688","article-title":"Poxvirus cell entry: how many proteins does it take?","volume":"4","author":"Moss","year":"2012","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib33","article-title":"Poxviridae: the viruses and their replication","volume":"1","author":"Moss","year":"2013"},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.03.042","article-title":"Reflections on the early development of poxvirus vectors","volume":"31","author":"Moss","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4927","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.16.4927","article-title":"Construction of poxviruses as cloning vectors: insertion of the thymidine kinase gene from herpes simplex virus into the DNA of infectious vaccinia virus","volume":"79","author":"Panicali","year":"1982","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib36","first-page":"325","article-title":"Studies on filterable viruses: i. Cultivation of vaccine virus","volume":"1","author":"Parker","year":"1925","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.62.1.65","article-title":"Immunological and chemical investigations of vaccine virus I. Preparation of elemntary bodies of vaccinia","volume":"62","author":"Parker","year":"1935","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2012.02.011","article-title":"Degrees of maturity: the complex structure and biology of flaviviruses","volume":"2","author":"Pierson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Virol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.06166-11","article-title":"The vaccinia virus O1 protein is required for sustained activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1\/2 and promotes viral virulence","volume":"86","author":"Schweneker","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.70.4.379","article-title":"Estimation of the purity of preparations of elementary bodies of vaccinia","volume":"70","author":"Smadel","year":"1939","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/13.2.294","article-title":"Studies on the cultivation","volume":"13","author":"Steinhardt","year":"1913","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.20145","article-title":"Design and characterization of a compact dual channel virus counter","volume":"65","author":"Stoffel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cytom. A"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10847","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.22.10847","article-title":"Nonreplicating vaccinia vector efficiently expresses recombinant genes","volume":"89","author":"Sutter","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000525","article-title":"Multiple Bcl-2 family immunomodulators from vaccinia virus regulate MAPK\/AP-1 activation","author":"Torres","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib45","first-page":"464","article-title":"Modified vaccinia virus ankara (MVA)--development as recombinant vaccine and prospects for use in veterinary medicine","volume":"128","author":"Volz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Berl. Munch. Tierarzt. Woche."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.02.042","article-title":"Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara candidate vaccines delivering West Nile virus envelope antigens","volume":"34","author":"Volz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01617-08","article-title":"Vaccinia virus-mediated inhibition of type I interferon responses is a multifactorial process involving the soluble type I interferon receptor B18 and intracellular components","volume":"83","author":"Waibler","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1132","article-title":"Disruption of Erk-dependent type I interferon induction breaks the myxoma virus species barrier","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4640","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0509341103","article-title":"Infection of human cancer cells with myxoma virus requires Akt activation via interaction with a viral ankyrin-repeat host range factor","volume":"103","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11651","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.23.11651-11663.2001","article-title":"Vaccinia virus intracellular movement is associated with microtubules and independent of actin tails","volume":"75","author":"Ward","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7765","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.194704","article-title":"Viral double-stranded RNAs from vaccinia virus early or intermediate gene transcripts possess PKR activating function, resulting in NF-kappaB activation, when the K1 protein is absent or mutated","volume":"286","author":"Willis","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11513","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1006594107","article-title":"Simultaneous high-resolution analysis of vaccinia virus and host cell transcriptomes by deep RNA sequencing","volume":"107","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1089\/104303403322495016","article-title":"Phase I\/II clinical trial of a nonreplicative vaccinia virus expressing multiple HLA-A0201-restricted tumor-associated epitopes and costimulatory molecules in metastatic melanoma patients","volume":"14","author":"Zajac","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum. Gene Ther."}],"container-title":["Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0042682216302586?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0042682216302586?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T00:39:48Z","timestamp":1758587988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0042682216302586"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["S0042682216302586"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-6822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-6822","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Non-plaque-forming virions of Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara express viral genes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Virology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virol.2016.09.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}