{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T03:21:18Z","timestamp":1781839278351,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016691","name":"Guangdong Provincial Pearl River Talents Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023QN10Y469"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023QN10Y469"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016691","name":"Guangdong Provincial Pearl River Talents Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023QN10Y266"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023QN10Y266"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82402135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82402135"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009659","name":"Guangzhou Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T19:24:29Z","timestamp":1750447469000},"page":"110612","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The spike 486 site is a key immune evasion point and a determinant of the immunogenicity of the RBD-dimer mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"610","author":[{"given":"Simin","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengting","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Quan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinzhong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuepeng","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongfang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiancai","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaobo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianyu","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weixin","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dandan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangxue","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Menghan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zengqin","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9790-3625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib1","first-page":"111","article-title":"Messenger RNA-based vaccines against infectious diseases","volume":"440","author":"Alameh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"issue":"7948","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib2","first-page":"521","article-title":"Imprinted SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity induces convergent Omicron RBD evolution","volume":"614","author":"Cao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2024.10.016","article-title":"A trivalent mucosal vaccine encoding phylogenetically inferred ancestral RBD sequences confers pan-Sarbecovirus protection in mice","volume":"32","author":"Case","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"7898","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04387-1","article-title":"Omicron extensively but incompletely escapes Pfizer BNT162b2 neutralization","volume":"602","author":"Cele","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7830","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2622-0","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine design enabled by prototype pathogen preparedness","volume":"586","author":"Corbett","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.06.035","article-title":"A universal design of betacoronavirus vaccines against COVID-19, MERS, and SARS","volume":"182","author":"Dai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012116","article-title":"Broad-spectrum Delta-BA.2 tandem-fused heterodimer mRNA vaccine delivered by lipopolyplex","volume":"20","author":"Du","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/v15122401","article-title":"Early emerging SARS-CoV-2 spike mutants are diversified in virologic properties but elicit compromised antibody responses","volume":"15","author":"Fan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.02.030","article-title":"Novel approaches for vaccine development","volume":"184","author":"Gebre","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2022483","article-title":"An mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 - preliminary report","volume":"383","author":"Jackson","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.114520","article-title":"Neutralization escape, infectivity, and membrane fusion of JN.1-derived SARS-CoV-2 SLip, FLiRT, and KP.2 variants","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0243-3","article-title":"Novel vaccine technologies for the 21st century","volume":"20","author":"Mascola","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2200674","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of a third dose of BNT162b2 covid-19 vaccine","volume":"386","author":"Moreira","year":"2022","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"7871","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03777-9","article-title":"Reduced sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 variant Delta to antibody neutralization","volume":"596","author":"Planas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2603","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2034577","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA covid-19 vaccine","volume":"383","author":"Polack","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2022.11.012","article-title":"Enhanced neutralization resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BQ.1, BQ.1.1, BA.4.6, BF.7, and BA.2.75.2","volume":"31","author":"Qu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.112443","article-title":"Enhanced evasion of neutralizing antibody response by Omicron XBB.1.5, CH.1.1, and CA.3.1 variants","volume":"42","author":"Qu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"issue":"6531","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf9302","article-title":"Prospective mapping of viral mutations that escape antibodies used to treat COVID-19","volume":"371","author":"Starr","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-45274-3","article-title":"Virological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB.1.5 variant","volume":"15","author":"Tamura","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(23)00051-8","article-title":"Enhanced transmissibility, infectivity, and immune resistance of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron XBB.1.5 variant","volume":"23","author":"Uriu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.03.045","article-title":"Structural and functional basis of SARS-CoV-2 entry by using human ACE2","volume":"181","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.61312","article-title":"Escape from neutralizing antibodies by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants","volume":"9","author":"Weisblum","year":"2020","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2307079","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of an mRNA-based RSV PreF vaccine in older adults","volume":"389","author":"Wilson","year":"2023","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-024-01016-6","article-title":"Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 KP.1, KP.1.1, KP.2 and KP.3 by human and murine sera","volume":"9","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.04.029","article-title":"Protective prototype-Beta and Delta-Omicron chimeric RBD-dimer vaccines against SARS-CoV-2","volume":"185","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011659","article-title":"Broad protective RBD heterotrimer vaccines neutralize SARS-CoV-2 including Omicron sub-variants XBB\/BQ.1.1\/BF.7","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012487","article-title":"Protective RBD-dimer vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants produced in glycoengineered Pichia pastoris","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."}],"container-title":["Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0042682225002259?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0042682225002259?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T02:00:05Z","timestamp":1762221605000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0042682225002259"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["S0042682225002259"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612","relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-6822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-6822","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The spike 486 site is a key immune evasion point and a determinant of the immunogenicity of the RBD-dimer mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Virology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110612","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110612"}}