{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T18:02:30Z","timestamp":1771696950918,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82341106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82341106"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFD1801300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD1801300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2603801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2603801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T00:43:38Z","timestamp":1769042618000},"page":"110814","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Viral metagenomics reveals the RNA viral composition of herbivorous wildlife on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"617","author":[{"given":"Yue","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiyin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haixuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaofei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Likai","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shixing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaochun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongfeng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tongling","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2022.2065937","article-title":"Exploring surface water as a transmission medium of avian influenza viruses - systematic infection studies in mallards","volume":"11","author":"Ahrens","year":"2022","journal-title":"Emerg. Microb. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2024.05.014","article-title":"Using artificial intelligence and predictive modelling to enable learning healthcare systems (LHS) for pandemic preparedness","volume":"24","author":"Ankolekar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3390\/v9010015","article-title":"The astrovirus capsid: a review","volume":"9","author":"Arias","year":"2017","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2008.10.035","article-title":"Characterization of an outbreak of astroviral diarrhea in a group of cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)","volume":"136","author":"Atkins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2006.03.001","article-title":"The epidemiologic and clinical importance of norovirus infection","volume":"35","author":"Atmar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)91454-5","article-title":"An enveloped virus in stools of children and adults with gastroenteritis that resembles the breda virus of calves","volume":"1","author":"Beards","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3176","article-title":"Fast and sensitive protein alignment using DIAMOND","volume":"12","author":"Buchfink","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aap7463","article-title":"The global virome project","volume":"359","author":"Carroll","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2004.11.004","article-title":"Incorporation fidelity of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase: a kinetic, thermodynamic and structural perspective","volume":"107","author":"Castro","year":"2005","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2940","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.12277","article-title":"The impacts of climate change and human activities on biogeochemical cycles on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Glob. Change Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003855","article-title":"Variation in RNA virus mutation rates across host cells","volume":"10","author":"Combe","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2016.0167","article-title":"One health, emerging infectious diseases and wildlife: two decades of progress?","volume":"372","author":"Cunningham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2011.07.024","article-title":"Astrovirus infections in humans and animals - molecular biology, genetic diversity, and interspecies transmissions","volume":"11","author":"De Benedictis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.3390\/v17070983","article-title":"An update on RNA virus discovery: current challenges and future perspectives","volume":"17","author":"Debat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001186","article-title":"ICTV virus taxonomy profile: picobirnaviridae","volume":"100","author":"Delmas","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e46","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv002","article-title":"An ensemble strategy that significantly improves de novo assembly of microbial genomes from metagenomic next-generation sequencing data","volume":"43","author":"Deng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0255436","article-title":"Global distribution of sporadic sapovirus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Diez Valcarce","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-virology-101416-041718","article-title":"Mechanisms and concepts in RNA virus population dynamics and evolution","volume":"5","author":"Dolan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3390\/v9050102","article-title":"The broad host range and genetic diversity of mammalian and Avian astroviruses","volume":"9","author":"Donato","year":"2017","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08870.x","article-title":"The distribution of rates of spontaneous mutation over viruses, prokaryotes, and eukaryotes","volume":"870","author":"Drake","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-012-0803-0","article-title":"Molecular detection of novel astroviruses in wild and laboratory mice","volume":"45","author":"Farkas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S115","DOI":"10.1089\/bsp.2013.0001","article-title":"Control of the deliberate spread of foot-and-mouth disease virus","volume":"11","author":"Farsang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biosecur Bioterror"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.12.014","article-title":"Vegetation net primary productivity and its response to climate change during 2001-2008 in the Tibetan Plateau","volume":"444","author":"Gao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1006\/mpev.1993.1015","article-title":"Alignment-ambiguous nucleotide sites and the exclusion of systematic data","volume":"2","author":"Gatesy","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. Phylogenet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3390\/v13010081","article-title":"Viruses in extreme environments, current overview, and biotechnological potential","volume":"13","author":"Gil","year":"2021","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01034-21","article-title":"RNA structure protects the 5\u2019 end of an uncapped tombusvirus RNA genome from Xrn digestion","volume":"95","author":"Gunawardene","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2014.10.006","article-title":"Characterization of virus-like particles associated with the human faecal and caecal microbiota","volume":"165","author":"Hoyles","year":"2014","journal-title":"Res. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2022.106439","article-title":"FMD virus spillover from domestic livestock caused outbreak in captive wild ungulates: first report from Pakistan","volume":"231","author":"Ijaz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.00660-19","article-title":"Impacts of the Plateau environment on the gut microbiota and blood clinical indexes in Han and Tibetan individuals","volume":"5","author":"Jia","year":"2020","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.14069","article-title":"Effects of climate change and anthropogenic activity on ranges of vertebrate species endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau over 40 years","volume":"37","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Conserv. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00012-14","article-title":"Picornavirus morphogenesis","volume":"78","author":"Jiang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib32","first-page":"27","article-title":"Virus synthesis and replication: reovirus vs. vaccinia virus","volume":"53","author":"Joklik","year":"1980","journal-title":"Yale J. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1702(02)00269-1","article-title":"Complete genomic sequences of astroviruses from sheep and Turkey: comparison with related viruses","volume":"91","author":"Jonassen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-018-1182-4","article-title":"A non-invasive method to collect fecal samples from wild birds for microbiome studies","volume":"76","author":"Knutie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microb. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3527(08)60050-0","article-title":"Toroviruses of animals and humans: a review","volume":"43","author":"Koopmans","year":"1994","journal-title":"Adv. Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3507","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.5.3507-3511.1998","article-title":"Identification and characterization of a porcine torovirus","volume":"72","author":"Kroneman","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1923","article-title":"Fast gapped-read alignment with bowtie 2","volume":"9","author":"Langmead","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2016.02.020","article-title":"MEGAHIT v1.0: a fast and scalable metagenome assembler driven by advanced methodologies and community practices","volume":"102","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib39","article-title":"Humans have antibodies against a plant virus: evidence from tobacco mosaic virus","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.3390\/v16060917","article-title":"Recombinant viruses from the picornaviridae family occurring in racing pigeons","volume":"16","author":"\u0141ukaszuk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(75)90858-2","article-title":"Letter: 28 nm particles in faeces in infantile gastroenteritis","volume":"2","author":"Madeley","year":"1975","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/780752","article-title":"Epidemiology, phylogeny, and evolution of emerging enteric picobirnaviruses of animal origin and their relationship to human strains","volume":"2014","author":"Malik","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3137","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25063137","article-title":"The expanding diversity of viruses from extreme environments","volume":"25","author":"Manuel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2787(78)90099-0","article-title":"Inhibition of ribonuclease. Efficacy of sodium dodecyl sulfate, diethyl pyrocarbonate, protein ase K and heparin using a sensitive ribonuclease assay","volume":"519","author":"Mendelsohn","year":"1978","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2011.12.004","article-title":"Metagenomics and future perspectives in virus discovery","volume":"2","author":"Mokili","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3619","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-017-3519-6","article-title":"Genomic characterization of a novel calicivirus, FHMCV-2012, from baitfish in the USA","volume":"162","author":"Mor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-017-0248-y","article-title":"Farming, Q fever and public health: agricultural practices and beyond","volume":"76","author":"Mori","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2696","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02696","article-title":"Molecular detection and genetic characterization of novel RNA viruses in wild and synanthropic rodents and shrews in Kenya","volume":"10","author":"Onyuok","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/sys029","article-title":"MrBayes 3.2: efficient bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space","volume":"61","author":"Ronquist","year":"2012","journal-title":"Syst. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ve\/veae033","article-title":"Genomic and phylogenetic features of the picobirnaviridae suggest microbial rather than animal hosts","volume":"10","author":"Sadiq","year":"2024","journal-title":"Virus Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2005.05.011","article-title":"QIAamp MinElute virus kit effectively extracts viral nucleic acids from cerebrospinal fluids and nasopharyngeal swabs","volume":"35","author":"Sefers","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.161681","article-title":"Climatic factors and human disturbance influence ungulate species distribution on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","volume":"869","author":"Shi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1038\/nature20167","article-title":"Redefining the invertebrate RNA virosphere","volume":"540","author":"Shi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2009.05.005","article-title":"RNA conformational changes in the life cycles of RNA viruses, viroids, and virus-associated RNAs","volume":"1789","author":"Simon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1968.tb00401.x","article-title":"A new method based on the use of diethyl pyrocarbonate as a nuclease inhibitor for the extraction of undegraded nucleic acid from plant tissues","volume":"5","author":"Solymosy","year":"1968","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2015.01.007","article-title":"Emerging infectious diseases of wildlife: a critical perspective","volume":"31","author":"Tompkins","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.13708","article-title":"Comparing invasive and noninvasive faecal sampling in wildlife microbiome studies: a case study on wild common cranes","volume":"23","author":"Turjeman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.3390\/v13030435","article-title":"Recent progress in torovirus molecular biology","volume":"13","author":"Ujike","year":"2021","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-0195-2_8","article-title":"Bacterial differential expression analysis methods","volume":"2096","author":"Utturkar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-020-02040-5","article-title":"Animal and human RNA viruses: genetic variability and ability to overcome vaccines","volume":"203","author":"Villa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001332","article-title":"ICTV virus taxonomy profile: caliciviridae","volume":"100","author":"Vinj\u00e9","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26052180","article-title":"Systematic review of phylogenetic analysis techniques for RNA viruses using bioinformatics","volume":"26","author":"Wadas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1976","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2664.13083","article-title":"Prediction and attenuation of seasonal spillover of parasites between wild and domestic ungulates in an arid mixed-use system","volume":"55","author":"Walker","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ecol."},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-64-9-1849","article-title":"Purification and partial characterization of a new enveloped RNA virus (Berne virus)","volume":"64","author":"Weiss","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2658","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11102658","article-title":"From-Toilet-to-Freezer: a review on requirements for an automatic protocol to collect and Store human fecal samples for research purposes","volume":"11","author":"Widjaja","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-012-1326-7","article-title":"Discovery and genetic characterization of novel caliciviruses in German and Dutch poultry","volume":"157","author":"Wolf","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-11-4-441","article-title":"Isolation of small viruses resembling astroviruses and caliciviruses from acute enteritis of calves","volume":"11","author":"Woode","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(82)90036-0","article-title":"Studies with an unclassified virus isolated from diarrheic calves","volume":"7","author":"Woode","year":"1982","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1112.050997","article-title":"Host range and emerging and reemerging pathogens","volume":"11","author":"Woolhouse","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.01.136","article-title":"Inorganic pollution around the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: an overview of the current observations","volume":"550","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.17956","article-title":"Species divergence with gene flow and hybrid speciation on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","volume":"234","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.3390\/v16081324","article-title":"The disorderly nature of caliciviruses","volume":"16","author":"Young","year":"2024","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0040003","article-title":"RNA viral community in human feces: prevalence of plant pathogenic viruses","volume":"4","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2248","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13692","article-title":"Viral nucleic acids in human plasma pools","volume":"56","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202048785","article-title":"Innate immune evasion by picornaviruses","volume":"50","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-709-9_2","article-title":"The principles of RNA structure architecture","volume":"1097","author":"Zwieb","year":"2014","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."}],"container-title":["Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0042682226000292?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0042682226000292?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T17:18:26Z","timestamp":1771694306000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0042682226000292"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":76,"alternative-id":["S0042682226000292"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814","relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-6822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-6822","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Viral metagenomics reveals the RNA viral composition of herbivorous wildlife on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Virology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virol.2026.110814","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110814"}}