{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T15:07:40Z","timestamp":1790262460313,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,16]],"date-time":"2019-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"BBSRC","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BBS\/E\/1\/00007031, 7034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBS\/E\/1\/00007031, 7034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Virus Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,5]],"date-time":"2019-04-05T16:26:03Z","timestamp":1554481563000},"page":"25-33","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":175,"special_numbering":"C","title":["African swine fever virus evasion of host defences"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"266","author":[{"given":"L.K.","family":"Dixon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Nash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.L.","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4858","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.70.7.4858-4863.1996","article-title":"An African swine fever virus Bcl-2 homolog, 5-HL, suppresses apoptotic cell death","volume":"70","author":"Afonso","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2543","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-79-10-2543","article-title":"African swine fever virus NL gene is not required for virus virulence","volume":"79","author":"Afonso","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"Pt 10","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2543","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-79-10-2543","article-title":"African swine fever virus NL gene is not required for virus virulence","volume":"79","author":"Afonso","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.4.1858-1864.2004","article-title":"African swine fever virus multigene family 360 and 530 genes affect host interferon response","volume":"78","author":"Afonso","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3860","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.66.6.3860-3868.1992","article-title":"Amino-acid-Sequence and structural-properties of Protein-P12, an african swine fever virus attachment protein","volume":"66","author":"Alcami","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01293-18","article-title":"A proteomic atlas of the african swine fever virus particle","volume":"92","author":"Alejo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02228-16","article-title":"Structural insight into African swine fever virus A179L-mediated inhibition of apoptosis","volume":"91","author":"Banjara","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-002-0946-8","article-title":"Genotyping field strains of African swine fever virus by partial p72 gene characterisation","volume":"148","author":"Bastos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2012.10.026","article-title":"Pathogenesis of African swine fever in domestic pigs and European wild boar","volume":"173","author":"Blome","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2177","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.80058-0","article-title":"Characterization of pathogenic and non-pathogenic African swine fever virus isolates from Ornithodoros erraticus inhabiting pig premises in Portugal","volume":"85","author":"Boinas","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2881","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.4.2881-2889.1998","article-title":"Deletion of a CD2-like gene, 8-DR, from African swine fever virus affects viral infection in domestic swine","volume":"72","author":"Borca","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2018.03.017","article-title":"The L83L ORF of African swine fever virus strain Georgia encodes for a nonessential gene that interacts with the host protein IL-1 beta","volume":"249","author":"Borca","year":"2018","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1996.0592","article-title":"African swine fever virus gene A179L, a viral homologue of bcl- 2, protects cells from programmed cell death","volume":"225","author":"Brun","year":"1996","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000490","article-title":"African swine fever virus serotype-specific proteins are significant protective antigens for African swine fever","volume":"97","author":"Burmakina","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2014.03.040","article-title":"The cGAS-cGAMP-STING pathway of cytosolic DNA sensing and signaling","volume":"54","author":"Cai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(96)80075-2","article-title":"Apoptosis in lymph nodes in acute African swine fever","volume":"115","author":"Carrasco","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Comp. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.83343-0","article-title":"Comparison of the genome sequences of nonpathogenic and pathogenic African swine fever virus isolates","volume":"89","author":"Chapman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2012.10.013","article-title":"Identification and utility of innate immune system evasion mechanisms of ASFV","volume":"173","author":"Correia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.08.014","article-title":"Cyclic dinucleotides and the innate immune response","volume":"154","author":"Danilchanka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-010-0894-7","article-title":"A novel TLR3 inhibitor encoded by African swine fever virus (ASFV)","volume":"156","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2012.10.020","article-title":"African swine fever virus replication and genomics","volume":"173","author":"Dixon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/v9090241","article-title":"Investigations of Pro- and anti-apoptotic factors affecting african swine fever virus replication and pathogenesis","volume":"9","author":"Dixon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Viruses-Basel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.02.021","article-title":"Interaction of porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells with African swine fever viruses of diverse virulence","volume":"216","author":"Franzoni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.01.050","article-title":"A 179L, a viral Bcl-2 homologue, targets the core Bcl-2 apoptotic machinery and its upstream BH3 activators with selective binding restrictions for Bid and Noxa","volume":"375","author":"Galindo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3294","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01994-10","article-title":"Processing and localization of the african swine fever virus CD2v transmembrane protein","volume":"85","author":"Goatley","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.03.019","article-title":"Sensitivity of African swine fever virus to type I interferon is linked to genes within multigene families 360 and 505","volume":"493","author":"Golding","year":"2016","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5689","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.70.8.5689-5694.1996","article-title":"Neutralizing antibodies to different proteins of African swine fever virus inhibit both virus attachment and internalization","volume":"70","author":"GomezPuertas","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1998.9068","article-title":"The African swine fever virus proteins p54 and p30 are involved in two distinct steps of virus attachment and both contribute to the antibody-mediated protective immune response","volume":"243","author":"Gomez-Puertas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2013.01.017","article-title":"Pathology of African swine fever: the role of monocyte-macrophage","volume":"173","author":"Gomez-Villamandos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7165","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.13.7165-7174.2004","article-title":"Modulation of p53 cellular function and cell death by African swine fever virus","volume":"78","author":"Granja","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"51","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53736","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M406620200","article-title":"The viral protein A238L inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 expression through a nuclear factor of activated T cell-dependent transactivation pathway","volume":"279","author":"Granja","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.1.451","article-title":"The viral protein A238L inhibits TNF-alpha expression through a CBP\/p300 transcriptional coactivators pathway","volume":"176","author":"Granja","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2429","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.4.2429","article-title":"A238L inhibits NF-ATc2, NF-kappa B, and c-Jun activation through a novel mechanism involving protein kinase C-theta-mediated up-regulation of the amino-terminal transactivation domain of p300","volume":"180","author":"Granja","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01663-08","article-title":"African swine fever virus blocks the host cell antiviral inflammatory response through a direct inhibition of PKC-theta-Mediated p300 transactivation","volume":"83","author":"Granja","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879500700104","article-title":"Early infection of interdigitating dendritic cells in the pig lymph-node with african swine fever viruses of high and low virulence - immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies","volume":"7","author":"Gregg","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Investig."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879500700106","article-title":"African swine fever virus-infection of skin-derived dendritic cells in-vitro causes interference with subsequent foot-and-Mouth-Disease virus-infection","volume":"7","author":"Gregg","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Investig."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1053\/rvsc.2001.0462","article-title":"Subversion and piracy: DNA viruses and immune evasion","volume":"70","author":"Haig","year":"2001","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.554","article-title":"Modeling of the Toll-like receptor 3 and a putative Toll-like receptor 3 antagonist encoded by the African swine fever virus","volume":"20","author":"Henriques","year":"2011","journal-title":"Protein Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01557-09","article-title":"Dynamin- and clathrin-dependent endocytosis in African swine fever virus entry","volume":"84","author":"Hernaez","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.2174\/156652413804810736","article-title":"A179L, a new viral Bcl2 homolog targeting beclin 1 autophagy related protein","volume":"13","author":"Hernaez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Mol. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005595","article-title":"African swine fever virus undergoes outer envelope disruption, capsid disassembly and inner envelope fusion before core release from multivesicular endosomes","volume":"12","author":"Hernaez","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"issue":"6292","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad9868","article-title":"Translational control by 5\u2019 -untranslated regions of eukaryotic mRNAs","volume":"352","author":"Hinnebusch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2004.05.019","article-title":"The C-type lectin homologue gene (EP153R) of African swine fever virus inhibits apoptosis both in virus infection and in heterologous expression","volume":"326","author":"Hurtado","year":"2004","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0220","series-title":"STING Is an Endoplasmic Reticulum Adaptor That Facilitates Innate Immune Signalling.","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2008"},{"issue":"7265","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08476","article-title":"STING regulates intracellular DNA-mediated, type I interferon-dependent innate immunity","volume":"461","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.20.083001.084359","article-title":"Innate immune recognition","volume":"20","author":"Janeway","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-009-0248-7","article-title":"Role of wild suids in the epidemiology of african swine fever","volume":"6","author":"Jori","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ecohealth"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2012.10.005","article-title":"Review of the sylvatic cycle of African swine fever in sub-Saharan Africa and the Indian ocean","volume":"173","author":"Jori","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2011.12.013","article-title":"Interferon status and white blood cells during infection with African swine fever virus in vivo","volume":"145","author":"Karalyan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxp017","article-title":"The roles of TLRs, RLRs and NLRs in pathogen recognition","volume":"21","author":"Kawai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.19435-0","article-title":"The CD2v protein of African swine fever virus interacts with the actin-binding adaptor protein SH3P7","volume":"85","author":"Kay-Jackson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-79-5-1189","article-title":"A consented African swine fever virus right variable region gene, I1 1L, is non-essential for growth in vitro and virulence in domestic swine","volume":"79","author":"Kleiboeker","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.09.049","article-title":"Cyclic dinucleotides trigger ULK1 (ATG1) phosphorylation of STING to prevent sustained innate immune signaling","volume":"155","author":"Konno","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/v9100290","article-title":"The Bcl-2 family in host-virus interactions","volume":"9","author":"Kvansakul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Viruses-Basel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-82-3-513","article-title":"The non-haemadsorbing African swine fever virus isolate ASFV\/NH\/P68 provides a model for defining the protective anti- virus immune response","volume":"82","author":"Leitao","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.3.1275-1285.2000","article-title":"An African swine fever virus ERV1-ALR homologue, 9GL, affects virion maturation and viral growth in macrophages and viral virulence in swine","volume":"74","author":"Lewis","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000024","article-title":"African swine fever virus CD2v and C-type lectin gene loci mediate serological specificity","volume":"96","author":"Malogolovkin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1999.00867.x","article-title":"Intermediate stages in monocyte-macrophage differentiation modulate phenotype and susceptibility to virus infection","volume":"98","author":"McCullough","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"5376","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5376.562","article-title":"A viral mechanism for inhibition of the cellular phosphatase calcineurin","volume":"281","author":"Miskin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9412","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.20.9412-9420.2000","article-title":"African swine fever virus protein A238L interacts with the cellular phosphatase calcineurin via a binding domain similar to that of NFAT","volume":"74","author":"Miskin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00046-08","article-title":"Pathogen recognition and inflammatory signaling in innate immune defenses","volume":"22","author":"Mogensen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01058-17","article-title":"BA71 Delta cd2: a new recombinant live attenuated african swine fever virus with cross-protective capabilities","volume":"91","author":"Monteagudo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2448","article-title":"Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation","volume":"8","author":"Mosser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1997.8481","article-title":"A BIR motif containing gene of African swine fever virus, 4CL, is nonessential for growth in vitro and viral virulence","volume":"230","author":"Neilan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1997.8693","article-title":"A conserved African swine fever virus I kappa B homolog, 5EL, is nonessential for growth in vitro and virulence in domestic swine","volume":"235","author":"Neilan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2693","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-80-10-2693","article-title":"An African swine fever virus ORF with similarity to C-type lectins is non-essential for growth in swine macrophages in vitro and for virus virulence in domestic swine","volume":"80","author":"Neilan","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2535","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.6.2535-2543.2001","article-title":"African swine fever virus IAP homologue inhibits caspase activation and promotes cell survival in mammalian cells","volume":"75","author":"Nogal","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6048","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00554-15","article-title":"African swine fever virus georgia isolate harboring deletions of MGF360 and MGF505 genes is attenuated in swine and confers protection against challenge with virulent parental virus","volume":"89","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6048","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00554-15","article-title":"African swine fever virus georgia isolate harboring deletions of MGF360 and MGF505 genes is attenuated in swine and confers protection against challenge with virulent parental virus","volume":"89","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8556","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00969-15","article-title":"African swine fever virus Georgia 2007 with a deletion of virulence-associated gene 9GL (B119L), when administered at low doses, leads to virus attenuation in swine and induces an effective protection against homologous challenge","volume":"89","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2016.05.014","article-title":"African swine fever virus Georgia isolate harboring deletions of 9GL and MGF360\/505 genes is highly attenuated in swine but does not confer protection against parental virus challenge","volume":"221","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0360","article-title":"Simultaneous deletion of the 9GL and UK genes from the african swine fever virus georgia 2007 isolate offers increased safety and protection against homologous challenge","volume":"91","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8934","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.11.8934-8943.1999","article-title":"African swine fever virus dUTPase is a highly specific enzyme required for efficient replication in swine macrophages","volume":"73","author":"Oliveros","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-79-6-1439","article-title":"The pathogenesis of African swine fever in the resistant bushpig","volume":"79","author":"Oura","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-79-6-1427","article-title":"African swine fever: a disease characterized by apoptosis","volume":"79","author":"Oura","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0123714","article-title":"CD2v interacts with adaptor protein AP-1 during african swine fever infection","volume":"10","author":"Perez-Nunez","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.11.012","article-title":"Genetically edited pigs lacking CD163 show no resistance following infection with the African swine fever virus isolate, Georgia 2007\/1","volume":"501","author":"Popescu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8527","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.70.12.8527-8533.1996","article-title":"An I kappa B homolog encoded by African swine fever virus provides a novel mechanism for downregulation of proinflammatory cytokine responses in host macrophages","volume":"70","author":"Powell","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-77-9-2209","article-title":"Apoptosis: a mechanism of cell killing and lymphoid organ impairment during acute African swine fever virus infection","volume":"77","author":"RamiroIbanez","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.83391-0","article-title":"Interferons and viruses: an interplay between induction, signalling, antiviral responses and virus countermeasures","volume":"89","author":"Randall","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2013.10.017","article-title":"Repair of base damage and genome maintenance in the nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses","volume":"179","author":"Redrejo-Rodriguez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4847","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.80.10.4847-4857.2006","article-title":"African swine fever virus protein pE296R is a DNA repair apurinic\/apyrimidinic endonuclease required for virus growth in swine macrophages","volume":"80","author":"Redrejo-Rodriguez","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2009.04.021","article-title":"African swine fever virus AP endonuclease is a redox-sensitive enzyme that repairs alkylating and oxidative damage to DNA","volume":"390","author":"Redrejo-Rodriguez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9780","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01173-13","article-title":"Involvement of the reparative DNA polymerase pol X of african swine fever virus in the maintenance of viral genome stability in vivo","volume":"87","author":"Redrejo-Rodriguez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.08.011","article-title":"Deletion of African swine fever virus interferon inhibitors from the genome of a virulent isolate reduces virulence in domestic pigs and induces a protective response","volume":"34","author":"Reis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01428-17","article-title":"Deletion of the african swine fever virus gene DP148R does not reduce virus replication in culture but reduces virus virulence in pigs and induces high levels of protection against challenge","volume":"91","author":"Reis","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1996.8395","article-title":"Inhibition of apoptosis by the African swine fever virus bcl-2 homologue: role of the BH1 domain","volume":"228","author":"Revilla","year":"1997","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2923","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02077-06","article-title":"The MyD116 African swine fever virus homologue interacts with the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1 and activates its phosphatase activity","volume":"81","author":"Rivera","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5312","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.67.9.5312-5320.1993","article-title":"African swine fever virus encodes a Cd2 homolog responsible for the adhesion of erythrocytes to infected-cells","volume":"67","author":"Rodriguez","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3936","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.8.3936-3942.2002","article-title":"African swine fever virus IAP-like protein induces the activation of nuclear factor kappa B","volume":"76","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2199","article-title":"Signal integration in the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response","volume":"8","author":"Ron","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2009.07.040","article-title":"The CD2v protein enhances African swine fever virus replication in the tick vector, Ornithodoros erraticus","volume":"393","author":"Rowlands","year":"2009","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"49","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20842","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0911267106","article-title":"Atg9a controls dsDNA-driven dynamic translocation of STING and the innate immune response","volume":"106","author":"Saitoh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(02)00225-8","article-title":"Changes in macrophages in spleen and lymph nodes during acute African swine fever: expression of cytokines","volume":"90","author":"Salguero","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2008.02.012","article-title":"Cytokine mRNA expression and pathological findings in pigs inoculated with African swine fever virus (E-70) deleted on A238L","volume":"124","author":"Salguero","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002754","article-title":"African swine fever virus uses macropinocytosis to enter host cells","volume":"8","author":"Sanchez","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2017.12.025","article-title":"African swine fever: a re-emerging viral disease threatening the global pig industry","volume":"233","author":"Sanchez-Cordon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-003-0188-4","article-title":"Expression of porcine CD163 on monocytes\/macrophages correlates with permissiveness to African swine fever infection","volume":"148","author":"Sanchez-Torres","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2014.09.003","article-title":"An update on the epidemiology and pathology of african swine fever","volume":"152","author":"Sanchez-Vizcaino","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Comp. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2015.12.002","article-title":"Deletion of the thymidine kinase gene induces complete attenuation of the Georgia isolate of African swine fever virus","volume":"213","author":"Sanford","year":"2016","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.82358-0","article-title":"African swine fever virus A238L inhibitor of NF-kappa B and of calcineurin phosphatase is imported actively into the nucleus and exported by a CRM1-mediated pathway","volume":"88","author":"Silk","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.3390\/v1031022","article-title":"Dendritic cells in innate and adaptive immune responses against influenza virus","volume":"1","author":"Summerfield","year":"2009","journal-title":"Viruses-Basel"},{"issue":"6059","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1209038","article-title":"The unfolded protein response: from stress pathway to homeostatic regulation","volume":"334","author":"Walter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2308","article-title":"The BCL-2 protein family: opposing activities that mediate cell death","volume":"9","author":"Youle","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"33","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16927","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R116.733899","article-title":"Upstream open reading frames differentially regulate gene-specific translation in the integrated stress response","volume":"291","author":"Young","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0530","first-page":"8","article-title":"Deletion at the 5\u2019 -end of Estonian ASFV strains associated with an attenuated phenotype","author":"Zani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2007.11.082","article-title":"A conserved domain of herpes simplex virus ICP34.5 regulates protein phosphatase complex in mammalian cells","volume":"582","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10681","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01027-10","article-title":"The African swine fever virus DP71L protein recruits the protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit to dephosphorylate eIF2alpha and inhibits CHOP induction but is dispensable for these activities during virus infection","volume":"84","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8865","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.70.12.8865-8871.1996","article-title":"An African swine fever virus virulence-associated gene NL-S with similarity to the herpes simplex virus ICP34.5 gene","volume":"70","author":"Zsak","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.2.1028-1035.1998","article-title":"A nonessential African swine fever virus gene UK is a significant virulence determinant in domestic swine","volume":"72","author":"Zsak","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002_bib0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3066","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.7.3066-3076.2001","article-title":"African swine fever virus multigene family 360 and 530 genes are novel macrophage host range determinants","volume":"75","author":"Zsak","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Virol."}],"container-title":["Virus Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016817021930139X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016817021930139X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T14:07:03Z","timestamp":1759154823000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S016817021930139X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"references-count":111,"alternative-id":["S016817021930139X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0168-1702"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0168-1702","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"African swine fever virus evasion of host defences","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Virus Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.04.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}