{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T16:16:03Z","timestamp":1781885763330,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,5]],"date-time":"2020-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":339,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Virus Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]],"date-time":"2019-12-02T07:26:28Z","timestamp":1575271588000},"page":"197828","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Introduction of human gammaherpesvirus 8 genotypes A, B, and C into Brazil from multiple geographic regions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"276","author":[{"given":"Amanda","family":"de Oliveira Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia","family":"Spitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrini Guidolini","family":"Martinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anderson Vicente","family":"de Paula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Luiza","family":"de Castro Conde Toscano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo Henrique","family":"Braz-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"dos Santos Barbosa Netto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania Regina","family":"Tozetto-Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa Salete","family":"de Paula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0005","volume":"Vol. 2019","author":"Augustyn","year":"2019"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1086\/377504","article-title":"Multiple human herpesvirus-8 infection","volume":"188","author":"Beyari","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1086\/315456","article-title":"Human herpesvirus 8 in Brazilian Amerindians: a hyperendemic population with a new subtype","volume":"181","author":"Biggar","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1086\/314471","article-title":"Study of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) variants from Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma in France: is HHV-8 subtype A responsible for more agressive tumors?","volume":"178","author":"Boralevi","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199907090-00004","article-title":"Variability and evolution of Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in Europe and Africa. International Collaborative Group","volume":"13","author":"Cook","year":"1999","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-014-0119-0","article-title":"Analysis of the ORFK1 hypervariable regions reveal distinct HHV-8 clustering in Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Kaposi's cases","volume":"34","author":"Cordiali-Fei","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2010.00959.x","article-title":"Salivary shedding of HHV-8 in people infected or not by human immunodeficiency virus 1","volume":"40","author":"de Fran\u00e7a","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Oral Pathol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0040","volume":"Vol. 2019","author":"Democracy, M.o.A","year":"2019"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh340","article-title":"MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput","volume":"32","author":"Edgar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(20000115)85:2%3C166::AID-IJC3%3E3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Detection and genetic polymorphism of human herpes virus type 8 in endemic or epidemic Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma from West and Central Africa, and South America","volume":"85","author":"Fouchard","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1006\/scbi.1998.0116","article-title":"KSHV strains: the origins and global spread of the virus","volume":"9","author":"Hayward","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin. Cancer Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24328","article-title":"Genetic diversity of HHV8 subtypes in South Africa: A5 subtype is associated with extensive disease in AIDS-KS","volume":"88","author":"Isaacs","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.10530","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus\/human herpesvirus 8 strains from Russian patients with classic, posttransplant, and AIDS-associated Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma","volume":"71","author":"Kadyrova","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01731581","article-title":"A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences","volume":"16","author":"Kimura","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Mol. Evol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2012.06.014","article-title":"Kaposi\u2019s Sarcoma and Human Herpesvirus 8 in Cuba: evidence of subtype B expansion","volume":"432","author":"Kour\u00ed","year":"2012","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054","article-title":"MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets","volume":"33","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2000.0629","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of human herpesvirus 8 in africa: both B and A5 K1 genotypes, as well as the M and P genotypes of K14.1\/K15 loci, are frequent and widespread","volume":"278","author":"Lacoste","year":"2000","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0090","first-page":"1217","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus\/human herpesvirus-8 strains from Russia","volume":"81","author":"Lacoste","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8072","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.14.8072-8086.2003","article-title":"Structural analysis of the Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K1 protein","volume":"77","author":"Lee","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023546","article-title":"Non-detection of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) DNA in HHV-8-seropositive blood donors from three Brazilian regions","volume":"6","author":"Levi","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3061","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-017-3467-1","article-title":"Was Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus introduced into China via the ancient Silk Road? An evolutionary perspective","volume":"162","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0110","first-page":"1","article-title":"Low prevalence of human gammaherpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection among HIV-infected pregnant women in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil","author":"Lopes","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Matern. Fetal. Neonatal. Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21322","article-title":"HHV8 a subtype is associated with rapidly evolving classic Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma","volume":"80","author":"Mancuso","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1007\/s13337-018-0481-1","article-title":"Human herpesvirus 8 DNA detection and variant analysis in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"29","author":"Marashi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Virusdisease"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1086\/656045","article-title":"Kaposi sarcoma (KS)-associated herpesvirus microRNA sequence analysis and KS risk in a European AIDS-KS case control study","volume":"202","author":"Marshall","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1999.9853","article-title":"Individuals from North America, Australasia, and Africa are infected with four different genotypes of human herpesvirus 8","volume":"261","author":"Meng","year":"1999","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2004.09.026","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) from patients with AIDS-associated Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma in Sao Paulo, Brazil","volume":"33","author":"Nascimento","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Virol."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12299","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01712-15","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing of Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus from Zambian Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma biopsy specimens reveals unique viral diversity","volume":"89","author":"Olp","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6646","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.8.6646-6660.1999","article-title":"Comparison of genetic variability at multiple loci across the genomes of the major subtypes of Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus reveals evidence for recombination and for two distinct types of open reading frame K15 alleles at the right-hand end","volume":"73","author":"Poole","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24876","article-title":"Diversity of human herpesvirus 8 genotypes in patients with AIDS and non-AIDS associated Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma, Castleman\u2019s disease and primary effusion lymphoma in Argentina","volume":"89","author":"P\u00e9rez","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2010.10.011","article-title":"KSHV genotypes A and C are more frequent in Kaposi sarcoma lesions from Brazilian patients with and without HIV infection, respectively","volume":"301","author":"Ramos da Silva","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"issue":"4732","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2999980","article-title":"Enzymatic amplification of beta-globin genomic sequences and restriction site analysis for diagnosis of sickle cell anemia","volume":"230","author":"Saiki","year":"1985","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(96)90018-3","article-title":"Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma: advances and perspectives","volume":"34","author":"Schwartz","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-017-3269-5","article-title":"Complete genome sequence of a hepatitis B virus isolate of genotype D2, subtype adrq+, from Brazil","volume":"162","author":"Spitz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0175","volume":"Vol. 2019","author":"Sutton","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2009.12.005","article-title":"Human herpesvirus type 8 variants circulating in Europe, Africa and North America in classic, endemic and epidemic Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma lesions during pre-AIDS and AIDS era","volume":"398","author":"Tornesello","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"48","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5291","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005291","article-title":"Genotypic distribution of HHV-8 in AIDS individuals without and with Kaposi sarcoma: Is genotype B associated with better prognosis of AIDS-KS?","volume":"95","author":"Tozetto-Mendoza","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12278","article-title":"No detectable human herpesvirus-8 oral shedding in seronegative-healthy, immunocompetent individuals from non-endemic regions for Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma: a pilot study","volume":"9","author":"Tozetto-Mendoza","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Investig. Clin. Dent."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0195","volume":"Vol. 2019","author":"Wejsa","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6532(01)00205-0","article-title":"Genotypic analysis at multiple loci across Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) DNA molecules: clustering patterns, novel variants and chimerism","volume":"23","author":"Zong","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Virol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2007.06.012","article-title":"Reflections on the interpretation of heterogeneity and strain differences based on very limited PCR sequence data from Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus genomes","volume":"40","author":"Zong","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Virol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4156","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.5.4156-4170.1999","article-title":"High-level variability in the ORF-K1 membrane protein gene at the left end of the Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus genome defines four major virus subtypes and multiple variants or clades in different human populations","volume":"73","author":"Zong","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Virol."}],"container-title":["Virus Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168170219306471?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168170219306471?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T14:09:05Z","timestamp":1759154945000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0168170219306471"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S0168170219306471"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828","relation":{},"ISSN":["0168-1702"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0168-1702","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Introduction of human gammaherpesvirus 8 genotypes A, B, and C into Brazil from multiple geographic regions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Virus Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virusres.2019.197828","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"197828"}}