{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T12:26:34Z","timestamp":1793967994042,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":171,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26fk0310544s0302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26fk0310544s0302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26fk0210143s0203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26fk0210143s0203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Virus Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T15:07:12Z","timestamp":1791040032000},"page":"199812","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Combining antiviral therapy with cancer treatment in HBV-associated HCC: A translational approach"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"373","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6224-2986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Abul","family":"Hashem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Enamul Hoque","family":"Kayesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michinori","family":"Kohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4403-2018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyoko","family":"Tsukiyama-Kohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2040206620921331","article-title":"Nucleos(t)ide analogues and Hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: a literature review","volume":"28","author":"Abd El Aziz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antivir. Chem. ChemOther"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/EVIDoa2100070","article-title":"Tremelimumab plus Durvalumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"1","author":"Abou-Alfa","year":"2022","journal-title":"NEJM. Evid."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.3390\/v9060156","article-title":"The role of cccDNA in HBV maintenance","volume":"9","author":"Allweiss","year":"2017","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases13070207","article-title":"Correction: amin et al. Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a comprehensive review","volume":"13","author":"Amin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-022-03254-w","article-title":"Association of hepatitis B virus DNA levels with overall survival for advanced hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma under immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy","volume":"72","author":"An","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3449","article-title":"Pathogenic mechanisms in HBV- and HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Arzumanyan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2014.79","article-title":"The immune tolerant phase of chronic HBV infection: new perspectives on an old concept","volume":"12","author":"Bertoletti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad319","article-title":"Hepatitis C Guidance 2023 update: AASLD-IDSA recommendations for testing, managing, and treating Hepatitis C Virus infection","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0014-x","article-title":"Understanding the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) for effective therapy","volume":"24","author":"Binnewies","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.07.014","article-title":"Restored function of HBV-specific T cells after long-term effective therapy with nucleos(t)ide analogues","volume":"143","author":"Boni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0011","volume":"42","author":"Chan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-025-02761-3","article-title":"Recurrence risk factors for chronic hepatitis B virus-infected patients who achieve functional cure with pegylated interferon-alpha-2b-based therapy: a multicenter pilot study","volume":"22","author":"Chang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaf198","article-title":"Predictors of durable Hepatitis B surface antigen loss after pegylated interferon-based therapy in patients with Hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic Hepatitis B: a multicenter real-world study","volume":"232","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000201480.65519.b8","article-title":"A prospective randomized trial comparing percutaneous local ablative therapy and partial hepatectomy for small hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"243","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5363","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S150281","article-title":"The effect of antiviral therapy on patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"Volume 10","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Onco. Targets. Ther."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1002\/cac2.12345","article-title":"Tumor-associated macrophages in liver cancer: from mechanisms to therapy","volume":"42","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Commun. L"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0017","article-title":"Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"6","author":"Childs","year":"2024","journal-title":"JHEP. Rep."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6006","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i20.6006","article-title":"Impact of antiviral therapy on post-hepatectomy outcome for hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"20","author":"Chong","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"6121","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1231143","article-title":"Multiplex genome engineering using CRISPR\/Cas systems","volume":"339","author":"Cong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.11.003","article-title":"Guidance for design and endpoints of clinical trials in chronic hepatitis B - report from the 2019 EASL-AASLD HBV Treatment Endpoints Conference(double dagger)","volume":"72","author":"Cornberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"7594","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17170","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus X protein identifies the Smc5\/6 complex as a host restriction factor","volume":"531","author":"Decorsiere","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2024.08.001","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus reactivation in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy-A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"51","author":"Deepan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Semin. Oncol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1993","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-022-04133-8","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibition: systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"149","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2015.02.021","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma in the setting of chronic Hepatitis B virus infection: tumor recurrence and survival rates after liver transplantation","volume":"47","author":"Dugum","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transpl. Proc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.08.011","article-title":"Hepatocellular cancer: the impact of obesity, type 2 diabetes and a multidisciplinary team","volume":"60","author":"Dyson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"10088","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2492","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31046-2","article-title":"Nivolumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (CheckMate 040): an open-label, non-comparative, phase 1\/2 dose escalation and expansion trial","volume":"389","author":"El-Khoueiry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2557","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.04.061","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology and molecular carcinogenesis","volume":"132","author":"El-Serag","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases13110355","article-title":"Navigating the latest Hepatitis B virus reactivation guidelines","volume":"13","author":"Elharabi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2025.03.018","article-title":"EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"83","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines8020216","article-title":"Targeting host innate and adaptive immunity to achieve the functional cure of chronic Hepatitis B","volume":"8","author":"Ezzikouri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1915745","article-title":"Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"382","author":"Finn","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0032","first-page":"33","article-title":"Interactions between tumor microenvironment and resistance to transarterial and systemic treatments for HCC","volume":"8","author":"Franze","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Drug Resist."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2008.06.013","article-title":"Hepatic fibrosis \u2013 overview","volume":"254","author":"Friedman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13734","article-title":"Role of hepatitis B surface antibody in seroreversion of hepatitis B surface antigen in patients achieving hepatitis B surface antigen loss with pegylated interferon-based therapy","volume":"29","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Viral. Hepat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/10732748241251580","article-title":"Comprehensive analysis of the immunosuppressive function of regulatory T cells in Human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues","volume":"31","author":"Ge","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Control"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200211213472119","article-title":"Hepatitis B e antigen and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"347","author":"Geier","year":"2002","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S174","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22900","article-title":"Antiviral resistance and hepatitis B therapy","volume":"49","author":"Ghany","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.09.028","article-title":"Serum HBV pgRNA as a clinical marker for cccDNA activity","volume":"66","author":"Giersch","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2007","article-title":"Immune function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and their crosstalk in HBV infection","volume":"28","author":"Golsaz-Shirazi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Virol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3892\/mco.2016.871","article-title":"Feasibility of combining adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization with nucleos(t)ide analog therapy for patients with HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy","volume":"5","author":"Gong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.23.02745","article-title":"Systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: ASCO guideline update","volume":"42","author":"Gordan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1418965","article-title":"The current status and future of targeted-immune combination for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Hao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13738","article-title":"The dual role of regulatory T cells in hepatitis B virus infection and related hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"171","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23054","article-title":"Myeloid derived suppressor cells inhibit natural killer cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma via the NKp30 receptor","volume":"50","author":"Hoechst","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S156","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22945","article-title":"Reactivation of hepatitis B","volume":"49","author":"Hoofnagle","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"8095","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-09440-x","article-title":"Inhibitory PD-1 axis maintains high-avidity stem-like CD8(+) T cells","volume":"649","author":"Hor","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26180","article-title":"Long-term entecavir treatment reduces hepatocellular carcinoma incidence in patients with hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"58","author":"Hosaka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2395","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2515131","article-title":"Phase 3 results of Bepirovirsen treatment for chronic Hepatitis B Virus infection","volume":"394","author":"Hou","year":"2026","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-023-00760-9","article-title":"Global burden of hepatitis B virus: current status, missed opportunities and a call for action","volume":"20","author":"Hsu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.12.286","article-title":"Inhibition of viral replication reduces transcriptionally active distinct Hepatitis B virus integrations with implications on host gene dysregulation","volume":"162","author":"Hsu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.2147\/JHC.S363123","article-title":"Antiviral treatments eliminate the adverse impacts of high baseline HBV loads on the survival of HBV-related HCC patients","volume":"Volume 9","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. HepatoCell Carcinoma"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002727","article-title":"Antiviral therapy reduces hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence in patients with low HBV-DNA levels: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"268","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3698","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.01757","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus screening and management for patients with cancer prior to therapy: ASCO provisional clinical opinion update","volume":"38","author":"Hwang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.61.3745","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus screening for patients with cancer before therapy: american Society of Clinical Oncology provisional Clinical opinion update","volume":"33","author":"Hwang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.36401\/JIPO-20-19","article-title":"Reactivation of Hepatitis B virus among patients with cancer receiving immunotherapy","volume":"4","author":"Hwang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. ImmunOther Precis. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.21037\/tgh-24-103","article-title":"Evaluation of hepatitis B virus reactivation prevention measures in immunosuppressed patients: current status and effectiveness","volume":"10","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transl. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-024-10648-8","article-title":"Predictors of HBsAg seroclearance in patients with chronic HBV infection treated with pegylated interferon-alpha: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hepatol. Int."},{"issue":"6096","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1225829","article-title":"A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity","volume":"337","author":"Jinek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9092027","article-title":"Targeting cancer associated fibroblasts in liver fibrosis and liver cancer using nanocarriers","volume":"9","author":"Kaps","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0060","article-title":"CRISPR\/Cas9 nickase-mediated disruption of hepatitis B virus open reading frame","volume":"5","author":"Karimova","year":"2015","journal-title":"S X Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2020.198191","article-title":"Development of an in vivo delivery system for CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated targeting of hepatitis B virus cccDNA","volume":"290","author":"Kayesh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Virus. Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v6.i9.652","article-title":"Nucleos(t)ide analogues to treat hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma after radical resection","volume":"6","author":"Ke","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcibr2106594","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma - origins and outcomes","volume":"385","author":"Kelley","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(22)00326-6","article-title":"Cabozantinib plus atezolizumab versus sorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (COSMIC-312): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial","volume":"23","author":"Kelley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1026954","article-title":"Major pathways involved in macrophage polarization in cancer","volume":"13","author":"Kerneur","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16030666","article-title":"Management of hepatocellular carcinoma in 2024: the multidisciplinary paradigm in an evolving treatment landscape","volume":"16","author":"Kinsey","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2025.102641","article-title":"MVA-HBVac-A novel vaccine vector that allows pan-genotypic targeting of hepatitis B virus by therapeutic vaccination","volume":"36","author":"Kosinska","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Nucleic. Acids."},{"issue":"10126","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30207-1","article-title":"Lenvatinib versus sorafenib in first-line treatment of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomised phase 3 non-inferiority trial","volume":"391","author":"Kudo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v16.i3.331","article-title":"Advances in discovery of novel investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B: a comprehensive review of phases II and III therapeutic agents","volume":"16","author":"Lam","year":"2024","journal-title":"World J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2024.07.017","article-title":"Outcomes in the Asian subgroup of the phase III randomised HIMALAYA study of tremelimumab plus durvalumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"82","author":"Lau","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-021-10239-x","article-title":"APASL clinical practice guideline on hepatitis B reactivation related to the use of immunosuppressive therapy","volume":"15","author":"Lau","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatol. Int."},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.02.021","article-title":"Mechanisms of HBV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"64","author":"Levrero","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00091","article-title":"Removal of integrated Hepatitis B virus DNA using CRISPR-Cas9","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000591","article-title":"Spatial proteomics of immune microenvironment in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"79","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2025.189329","article-title":"The important role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells: from hepatitis to liver cancer","volume":"1880","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Rev. Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/s13027-022-00468-6","article-title":"Early and late recurrence after hepatectomy in patients with low-level HBV-DNA hepatocellular carcinoma under antiviral therapy","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Infect. Agent. Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-024-12031-0","article-title":"Impact of preoperative antiviral therapy on the prognosis of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"24","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC. Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0078","article-title":"HBV reactivation and prognosis after systemic therapy in HCC with undetectable HBV DNA: a multicenter retrospective study","volume":"15","author":"Liang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-316510","article-title":"Multidimensional analyses reveal distinct immune microenvironment in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"68","author":"Lim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00724-5","article-title":"The scientific basis of combination therapy for chronic hepatitis B functional cure","volume":"20","author":"Lim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3032","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000554","article-title":"Tenofovir versus entecavir on the prognosis of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma after surgical resection: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"109","author":"Linye","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2025.109621","article-title":"Benefits of entecavir therapy in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma patients with compensated cirrhosis after hepatectomy: a ten-year retrospective cohort study","volume":"51","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Surg. Oncol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112689","article-title":"HBV reactivation and its management in HBV-related HCC patients undergoing HAIC-TKI-ICI therapy: a multicenter study","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0084","article-title":"Clinical benefit of antiviral agents for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with low preoperative HBV-DNA loads undergoing curative resection: a meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000550163","article-title":"The emerging challenge of non-cirrhotic MASLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma: etiology, immunopathology, and precision oncology","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Liver. Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50047","article-title":"Systematic review of randomized trials for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: chemoembolization improves survival","volume":"37","author":"Llovet","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00240-3","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"7","author":"Llovet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1038\/s43018-022-00357-2","article-title":"Molecular pathogenesis and systemic therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"3","author":"Llovet","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0708857","article-title":"Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"359","author":"Llovet","year":"2008","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.02.009","article-title":"Hepatitis B reactivation associated with immune suppressive and biological modifier therapies: current concepts, management strategies, and future directions","volume":"152","author":"Loomba","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-10694-9","article-title":"TACE versus TACE\u202f+\u202fentecavir versus TACE\u202f+\u202ftenofovir in the treatment of HBV associated hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"23","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC. Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2023.05.004","article-title":"Novel drug development in chronic Hepatitis B infection: capsid assembly modulators and nucleic acid polymers","volume":"27","author":"Mak","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Liver. Dis."},{"issue":"9865","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61425-1","article-title":"Regression of cirrhosis during treatment with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for chronic hepatitis B: a 5-year open-label follow-up study","volume":"381","author":"Marcellin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31288","article-title":"Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"73","author":"McGlynn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.01.001","article-title":"Global epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma: an emphasis on demographic and regional variability","volume":"19","author":"McGlynn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Liver. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2501","DOI":"10.2147\/JHC.S552316","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection or ablation","volume":"Volume 12","author":"Meng","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. HepatoCell Carcinoma"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0097","first-page":"498","article-title":"Advances in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: an overview of the current and evolving therapeutic landscape for clinicians","volume":"75","author":"Moris","year":"2025","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.21037\/hbsn.2020.03.12","article-title":"A simple scoring system to estimate perioperative mortality following liver resection for primary liver malignancy-the Hepatectomy Risk Score (HeRS)","volume":"10","author":"Moris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary. Surg. Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-312653","article-title":"Induction of IFN-lambda3 as an additional effect of nucleotide, not nucleoside, analogues: a new potential target for HBV infection","volume":"67","author":"Murata","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30956","article-title":"Immunomodulatory mechanism of acyclic nucleoside phosphates in treatment of Hepatitis B Virus infection","volume":"71","author":"Murata","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-023-07742-x","article-title":"Entecavir versus tenofovir for prevention of hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection: study protocol for a randomized, open-label trial","volume":"25","author":"Pan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"7854","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03362-0","article-title":"NASH limits anti-tumour surveillance in immunotherapy-treated HCC","volume":"592","author":"Pfister","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2020.3381","article-title":"The current landscape of immune checkpoint blockade in hepatocellular carcinoma: a review","volume":"7","author":"Pinter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Jama Oncol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(18)30056-6","article-title":"Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study","volume":"3","author":"Polaris Observatory","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200203000-00009","article-title":"Long-term survival and pattern of recurrence after resection of small hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with preserved liver function: implications for a strategy of salvage transplantation","volume":"235","author":"Poon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0106","first-page":"286","article-title":"Looking toward the future: emerging therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"21","author":"Rao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2025.199550","article-title":"Adeno-associated virus 2 CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated targeting of hepatitis B virus in tree shrews","volume":"354","author":"Rashid","year":"2025","journal-title":"Virus. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.10.039","article-title":"American Gastroenterological Association Institute guideline on the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus reactivation during immunosuppressive drug therapy","volume":"148","author":"Reddy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medcli.2020.09.022","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Update of the consensus document of the AEEH, AEC, SEOM, SERAM, SERVEI, and SETH","volume":"156","author":"Reig","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med. Clin."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.11.018","article-title":"BCLC strategy for prognosis prediction and treatment recommendation: the 2022 update","volume":"76","author":"Reig","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0150961","article-title":"Protective role of Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) in oxidative stress mediated by Hepatitis B virus X protein expression","volume":"11","author":"Ren","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS. One"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00252-7","article-title":"Sintilimab plus a bevacizumab biosimilar (IBI305) versus sorafenib in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (ORIENT-32): a randomised, open-label, phase 2-3 study","volume":"22","author":"Ren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30119-0","article-title":"A global scientific strategy to cure hepatitis B","volume":"4","author":"Revill","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"1732","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0114","article-title":"Viral hepatitis and liver cancer","volume":"372","author":"Ringelhan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. L. B Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-018-0044-z","article-title":"The immunology of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"19","author":"Ringelhan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.10.049","article-title":"Radioembolization results in longer time-to-progression and reduced toxicity compared with chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"140","author":"Salem","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3052","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v30.i24.3052","article-title":"Risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation in cancer patients undergoing treatment with tyrosine kinase-inhibitors","volume":"30","author":"Savaliya","year":"2024","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2015.02.031","article-title":"Molecular biology of hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"479-480","author":"Seeger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0119","article-title":"Targeting Hepatitis B virus with CRISPR\/Cas9","volume":"3","author":"Seeger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Nucleic. Acids."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-025-01308-4","article-title":"Immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: from pathogenesis to immunotherapy","volume":"22","author":"Seyhan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Immunol."},{"issue":"7680","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1038\/nature24302","article-title":"Inflammation-induced IgA+ cells dismantle anti-liver cancer immunity","volume":"551","author":"Shalapour","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000001864","article-title":"Tenofovir vs. entecavir on recurrence of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma beyond Milan criteria after hepatectomy","volume":"135","author":"Shen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J. Engl."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-024-01549-2","article-title":"Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and prospectives","volume":"17","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1611976","article-title":"Anti-HBV treatment partially restores the dysfunction of innate immune cells and unconventional T cells during chronic HBV infection","volume":"16","author":"Shu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000466","article-title":"AASLD Practice guidance on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"78","author":"Singal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a021402","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus X and regulation of viral gene expression","volume":"6","author":"Slagle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cold. Spring. Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0127","first-page":"209","article-title":"Global Cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2295","article-title":"Genome-wide survey of recurrent HBV integration in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"44","author":"Sung","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.12.013","article-title":"Lipid nanoparticles loaded with ribonucleoprotein-oligonucleotide complexes synthesized using a microfluidic device exhibit robust genome editing and hepatitis B virus inhibition","volume":"330","author":"Suzuki","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Control Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2026.1819908","article-title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing unveils macrophage heterogeneity and cell-cell interactions in hepatocellular carcinoma progression","volume":"17","author":"Tang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2024.100815","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma systemic treatment update: from early to advanced stage","volume":"48","author":"Teng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomed. J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29800","article-title":"Update on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B: AASLD 2018 hepatitis B guidance","volume":"67","author":"Terrault","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2023-330644","article-title":"Quantification of circulating HBV RNA expressed from intrahepatic cccDNA in untreated and NUC treated patients with chronic hepatitis B","volume":"73","author":"Testoni","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3126","article-title":"Trans-ancestry mutational landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma genomes","volume":"46","author":"Totoki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26041","article-title":"Serum hepatitis B surface antigen levels help predict disease progression in patients with low hepatitis B virus loads","volume":"57","author":"Tseng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.02.007","article-title":"High levels of hepatitis B surface antigen increase risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with low HBV load","volume":"142","author":"Tseng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3390\/v9040075","article-title":"HBV DNA integration: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications","volume":"9","author":"Tu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3390\/v13020180","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus DNA integration: in vitro models for investigating viral pathogenesis and persistence","volume":"13","author":"Tu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29872","article-title":"Host and viral factors associated with serum hepatitis B virus RNA levels among patients in need for treatment","volume":"68","author":"van Campenhout","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.07.039","article-title":"Reversion of disease manifestations after HCV eradication","volume":"65","author":"van der Meer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0141","article-title":"The mechanism of action and therapeutic potential of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor immune evasion","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.2147\/JHC.S464033","article-title":"The impact of proton pump inhibitors on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor combinations in patients with HBV-associated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"Volume 11","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. HepatoCell Carcinoma"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.70459","article-title":"Effective antiviral therapy improves immunosuppressive activities in the immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma by alleviating inflammation and fibrosis","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2213429","article-title":"A phase 3, randomized trial of bulevirtide in chronic Hepatitis D","volume":"389","author":"Wedemeyer","year":"2023","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2016.1264932","article-title":"Benefits of long-term therapy with nucleos(t)ide analogues in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis B","volume":"33","author":"Wei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"issue":"105","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0146","first-page":"255","article-title":"The CRISPR\/Cas9 genome editing methodology as a weapon against human viruses","volume":"19","author":"White","year":"2015","journal-title":"Discov. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-04049-z","article-title":"Elebsiran and PEG-IFNalpha for chronic hepatitis B infection: a partially randomized, open-label, phase 2 trial","volume":"32","author":"Wong","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.03.048","article-title":"Association of nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy with reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"147","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.07.009","article-title":"Risk factors for early and late recurrence in hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"51","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.145493.2","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma: advances in systemic therapies","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2014.12.003","article-title":"Efficacy of antiviral therapy with nucleotide\/nucleoside analogs after curative treatment for patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Xia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Res. Hepatol. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-023-01128-6","article-title":"Hepatitis B reactivation in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Xia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Poverty."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s13027-020-0273-2","article-title":"Comparison of clinical features and outcomes between HBV-related and non-B non-C hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Xue","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infect. Agent. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.00049","article-title":"Sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide is a functional receptor for human hepatitis B and D virus","volume":"1","author":"Yan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-025-10907-2","article-title":"Do the therapeutic vaccines hold hope for the treatment of hepatitis B?","volume":"19","author":"Yan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hepatol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1453412","article-title":"Therapeutic advances in hepatocellular carcinoma: an update from the 2024 ASCO annual meeting","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2020.03.005","article-title":"Permanent inactivation of HBV genomes by CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated non-cleavage base editing","volume":"20","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Nucleic. Acids."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.24563","article-title":"Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: expansion of the tumor size limits does not adversely impact survival","volume":"33","author":"Yao","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"29","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3647","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.48.5896","article-title":"Effect of antiviral treatment with nucleotide\/nucleoside analogs on postoperative prognosis of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: a two-stage longitudinal clinical study","volume":"31","author":"Yin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0161","article-title":"Evaluation of antiviral therapy performed after curative therapy in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma: an updated meta-analysis","volume":"2016","author":"Yuan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2210027","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of Bepirovirsen in chronic Hepatitis B infection","volume":"387","author":"Yuen","year":"2022","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00237-1","article-title":"VIR-2218 (elebsiran) plus pegylated interferon-alfa-2a in participants with chronic hepatitis B virus infection: a phase 2 study","volume":"9","author":"Yuen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0164","first-page":"997","article-title":"[Mechanism and clinical significance of HBV reactivation after anti-HCV therapy]","volume":"30","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Zhonghua Gan. Zang. Bing. Za Zhi."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpha.2025.101384","article-title":"Tumor-associated macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma: cellular plasticity and therapy resistance in crosstalk","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Anal."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0166","first-page":"159","article-title":"Traditional and novel virologic markers for functional cure and HBeAg loss with pegylated interferon in chronic Hepatitis B: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Clin. Transl. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0167","article-title":"Genomic and oncogenic preference of HBV integration in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"7","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-023-01356-7","article-title":"Targeting tumor-associated macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma: biology, strategy, and immunotherapy","volume":"9","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death. Discov."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/HC9.0000000000000364","article-title":"Single-cell landscape identifies the immunophenotypes and microenvironments of HBV-positive and HBV-negative liver cancer","volume":"8","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hepatol. Commun."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0170","first-page":"460","article-title":"The mechanisms and clinical significance of CD8(+) T cell exhaustion in anti-tumor immunity","volume":"22","author":"Zhong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Biol. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1159\/000530495","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of primary liver cancer (2022 Edition)","volume":"12","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Liver. Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812_bib0172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30351-6","article-title":"Pembrolizumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma previously treated with sorafenib (KEYNOTE-224): a non-randomised, open-label phase 2 trial","volume":"19","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."}],"container-title":["Virus Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168170226001310?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168170226001310?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T11:45:50Z","timestamp":1793965550000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0168170226001310"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":171,"alternative-id":["S0168170226001310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812","relation":{},"ISSN":["0168-1702"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0168-1702","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Combining antiviral therapy with cancer treatment in HBV-associated HCC: A translational approach","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Virus Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virusres.2026.199812","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"199812"}}