{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:30:20Z","timestamp":1790793020321,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":549,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vision Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T06:42:52Z","timestamp":1617777772000},"page":"30-36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Vergence, accommodation, and visual tracking in children and adolescents evaluated in a multidisciplinary concussion clinic"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"184","author":[{"given":"Emily K.","family":"Wiecek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tawna L.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankoor S.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparna","family":"Raghuram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-015-4004-9","article-title":"Imaging correlates of neural control of ocular movements","volume":"26","author":"Agarwal","year":"2016","journal-title":"European Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-4635","article-title":"Sports- and recreation-related concussions in US Youth","volume":"138","author":"Bryan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2217\/cnc-2016-0029","article-title":"Understanding the effects of mild traumatic brain injury on the pupillary light reflex","author":"Ciuffreda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Concussion"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optm.2006.11.011","article-title":"Occurrence of oculomotor dysfunctions in acquired brain injury: A retrospective analysis","volume":"78","author":"Ciuffreda","year":"2007","journal-title":"Optometry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0025","first-page":"10","article-title":"Conceptual model of optometric vision care in mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"22","author":"Ciuffreda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Optometry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.10.044","article-title":"Mobile universal lexicon evaluation system (MULES) test: A new measure of rapid picture naming for concussion","volume":"372","author":"Cobbs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1080\/09286580701772037","article-title":"The convergence insufficiency treatment trial: Design, methods, and baseline data","volume":"15","author":"Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial (CITT) Study Group","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.126.10.1336","article-title":"Randomized clinical trial of treatments for symptomatic convergence insufficiency in children","volume":"126","author":"Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial Study Group","year":"2008","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-44.6.639","article-title":"Immediate post-concussion assessment and cognitive testing (ImPACT) practices of sports medicine professionals","volume":"44","author":"Covassin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Athletic Training"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000646","article-title":"Factors affecting recovery trajectories in pediatric female concussion","volume":"29","author":"Desai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-017-3770-2","article-title":"The interaction of pupil response with the vergence system","volume":"255","author":"Feil","year":"2017","journal-title":"Graefe\u2019s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology\u00a0=\u00a0Albrecht von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31821184c9","article-title":"The King-Devick test as a determinant of head trauma and concussion in boxers and MMA fighters","volume":"76","author":"Galetta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000935","article-title":"Vision therapy for post-concussion vision disorders","volume":"94","author":"Gallaway","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optometry and Vision Science: Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0070","first-page":"124","article-title":"A new visual-verbal saccade test: The developmental eye movement test (DEM)","volume":"61","author":"Garzia","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the American Optometric Association"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0075","first-page":"124","article-title":"A new visual-verbal saccade test: The development eye movement test (DEM)","volume":"61","author":"Garzia","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the American Optometric Association"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2009.04.0041","article-title":"Accommodation in mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"47","author":"Green","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0085","first-page":"65","article-title":"A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure","volume":"6","author":"Holm","year":"1979","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Theory and Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0090","series-title":"ggpubr: \u201cggplot2\u201d based publication ready plots (Version 0.1.6) [Computer software]","author":"Kassambara","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00513","article-title":"Concussion as a multi-scale complex system: An interdisciplinary synthesis of current knowledge","volume":"8","author":"Kenzie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-020-01321-9","article-title":"Subtypes of sport-related concussion: A systematic review and meta-cluster analysis","volume":"50","author":"Langdon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sports Medicine (Auckland, NZ)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0105","series-title":"Brain neurotrauma: Molecular, neuropsychological, and rehabilitation aspects","article-title":"Pathophysiology of mild TBI: implications for altered signaling pathways","author":"Laskowski","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000940","article-title":"Brain injury vision symptom survey (BIVSS) questionnaire","volume":"94","author":"Laukkanen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optometry and Vision Science: Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/19.10.543","article-title":"A population-based study of paediatric emergency department and office visits for concussions from 2003 to 2010","volume":"19","author":"Macpherson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Paediatrics & Child Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000507","article-title":"Vision and vestibular system dysfunction predicts prolonged concussion recovery in children","volume":"28","author":"Master","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine: Official Journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.3466","article-title":"Utility of pupillary light reflex metrics as a physiologic biomarker for adolescent sport-related concussion","volume":"138","author":"Master","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922815594367","article-title":"Vision diagnoses are common after concussion in adolescents","volume":"55","author":"Master","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-018734","article-title":"Longitudinal changes in oculomotor function in young adults with mild traumatic brain injury in Sweden: An exploratory prospective observational study","volume":"8","author":"Matuseviciene","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-4388(95)80104-9","article-title":"Neuronal circuitry controlling the near response","volume":"5","author":"Mays","year":"1995","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.04.008","article-title":"Post-concussion: Receded near point of convergence is not diagnostic of convergence insufficiency","volume":"206","author":"Raghuram","year":"2019","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000711","article-title":"Accommodative gain in relation to perceived target clarity","volume":"92","author":"Roberts","year":"2015","journal-title":"Optometry and Vision Science: Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-25256","article-title":"Impact of visual cues on the magnitude and variability of the accommodative response in children with emmetropia and uncorrected hyperopia and adults","volume":"60","author":"Roberts","year":"2019","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0160","series-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing (Version 3.4.3) [Computer software]","author":"R Core Team","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acn.2005.08.001","article-title":"Sensitivity and specificity of the ImPACT test battery for concussion in athletes","volume":"21","author":"Schatz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology: The Official Journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0170","series-title":"Clinical management of binocular vision: Heterophoric, accommodative, and eye movement disorders","author":"Scheiman","year":"2014"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(02)00571-0","article-title":"An evaluation of the lag of accommodation using photorefraction","volume":"43","author":"Seidemann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vision Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000910","article-title":"Near point of convergence after concussion in children","volume":"94","author":"Storey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optometry and Vision Science: Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183092","article-title":"Characteristics of the King-Devick test in the assessment of concussed patients in the subacute and later stages after injury","volume":"12","author":"Subotic","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0190","first-page":"1","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury-related emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths \u2013 United States, 2007 and 2013","volume":"66","author":"Taylor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0195","series-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"Team","year":"2013"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2011.00831.x","article-title":"Vergence dysfunction in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI): A review: Vergence dysfunction in mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"31","author":"Thiagarajan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics: The Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians"}],"container-title":["Vision Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0042698921000572?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0042698921000572?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T01:19:47Z","timestamp":1758590387000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0042698921000572"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0042698921000572"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-6989"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-6989","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Vergence, accommodation, and visual tracking in children and adolescents evaluated in a multidisciplinary concussion clinic","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Vision Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}