{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:10:51Z","timestamp":1792653051692,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":549,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vision Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T23:57:40Z","timestamp":1619135860000},"page":"58-67","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Disparity vergence differences between typically occurring and concussion-related convergence insufficiency pediatric patients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Tara L.","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Yaramothu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell","family":"Scheiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arlene","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan A.","family":"Cotter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristine","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela M.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Grady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne E.","family":"Mozel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia E.","family":"Podolak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris G.","family":"Koutures","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina L.","family":"Master","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001606","article-title":"Convergence insufficiency neuro-mechanism in adult population study randomized clinical trial: Clinical outcome results","author":"Alvarez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Optometry & Vision Science"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3182772dce","article-title":"Concurrent vision dysfunctions in convergence insufficiency with traumatic brain injury","volume":"89","author":"Alvarez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Optometry and Vision Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(99)00175-3","article-title":"Disparity vergence double responses processed by internal error","volume":"40","author":"Alvarez","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vision Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.79.1.37","article-title":"Closely spaced, fast dynamic movements in disparity vergence","volume":"79","author":"Alvarez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"JULY","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0025","first-page":"419","article-title":"A pilot study of disparity vergence and near dissociated phoria in convergence insufficiency patients before vs. after vergence therapy","volume":"9","author":"Alvarez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2010.08.018","article-title":"Functional anatomy of predictive vergence and saccade eye movements in humans: A functional MRI investigation","volume":"50","author":"Alvarez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vision Research"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1167\/5.7.4","article-title":"Short-term predictive changes in the dynamics of disparity vergence eye movements","volume":"5","author":"Alvarez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Vision"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2019.1679192","article-title":"The Convergence Insufficiency Neuro-mechanism in Adult Population Study (CINAPS) randomized clinical trial: Design, methods, and clinical data","volume":"27","author":"Alvarez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1114\/1.162","article-title":"Dynamic details of disparity convergence eye movements","volume":"27","author":"Alvarez","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0050","first-page":"243","article-title":"Comparison of disparity vergence system responses to predictable and non- predictable stimulations","volume":"21","author":"Alvarez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Current Psychology of Cognition"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0055","article-title":"The value of the visual evoked potentials test in the assessment of the visual pathway in head trauma","volume":"13","author":"Azadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Injury and Violence Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00387207","article-title":"Frequency limitations of the two-point central difference differentiation algorithm","volume":"45","author":"Bahill","year":"1982","journal-title":"Biological Cybernetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borsting, E. J., Rouse, M. W., Mitchell, G. L., Scheiman, M., Cotter, S. A., Cooper, J., \u2026 Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial Group. (2003). Validity and reliability of the revised convergence insufficiency symptom survey in children aged 9 to 18 years. Optometry & Vision Science\u00a080(12), 832\u2013838.","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-200312000-00014"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-200312000-00014","article-title":"Validity and reliability of the revised convergence insufficiency symptom survey in children aged 9 to 18 years","volume":"80","author":"Borsting","year":"2003","journal-title":"Optometry & Vision Science"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181adff2d","article-title":"Visual impairment and dysfunction in combat-injured servicemembers with traumatic brain injury","volume":"86","author":"Brahm","year":"2009","journal-title":"Optometry & Vision Science"},{"issue":"suppl_1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_bib311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usx166","article-title":"Validation of visual objective biomarkers for acute concussion","volume":"183","author":"Cap\u00f3-Aponte","year":"2018","journal-title":"Military Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001443","article-title":"Treatment of symptomatic convergence insufficiency in children enrolled in the convergence insufficiency treatment trial-attention & reading trial: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"96","author":"CITT-ART Investigator Group","year":"2019","journal-title":"Optometry & Vision Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"CNC36","DOI":"10.2217\/cnc-2016-0029","article-title":"Understanding the effects of mild traumatic brain injury on the pupillary light reflex","volume":"2","author":"Ciuffreda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Concussion"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-14-00059","article-title":"Proposed objective visual system biomarkers for mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"179","author":"Ciuffreda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Military Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001442","article-title":"A Randomized Clinical Trial of Treatment for Symptomatic Convergence Insufficiency in Children (CITT-ART)","volume":"96","author":"Convergence Insufficency Investigator Group","year":"2019","journal-title":"Optometry & Vision Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.126.10.1336","article-title":"Randomized clinical trial of treatments for symptomatic convergence insufficiency in children","volume":"126","author":"Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial Study Group","year":"2008","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6963976","article-title":"Convergence insufficiency, Accommodative insufficiency, visual symptoms, and astigmatism in Tohono O\u2019odham students","volume":"2016","author":"Davis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000935","article-title":"Vision therapy for post-concussion vision disorders","volume":"94","author":"Gallaway","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optometry & Vision Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12376","article-title":"Accommodative and binocular dysfunctions: Prevalence in a randomised sample of university students","volume":"99","author":"Garc\u00eda-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0120","first-page":"1","article-title":"VisualEyes: A modular software system for oculomotor experimentation","volume":"49","author":"Guo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Howell, D. R., O\u2019Brien, M. J., Raghuram, A., Shah, A. S., & Meehan, W. P. (2018). Near point of convergence and gait deficits in adolescents after sport-related concussion. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 28(3), 262\u2013267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000439.","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000439"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12496","article-title":"Prevalence of non-strabismic anomalies of binocular vision in Tamil Nadu: Report 2 of BAND study","volume":"100","author":"Hussaindeen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2016.1085","article-title":"Association of football subconcussive head impacts with ocular near point of convergence","volume":"134","author":"Kawata","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0140","first-page":"2626","article-title":"Properties of anticipatory vergence responses","volume":"43","author":"Kumar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0145","first-page":"194","article-title":"Prevalence of convergence insufficiency among elementary school children","volume":"50","author":"Letourneau","year":"1988","journal-title":"Can J Optom"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maruta, J., & Ghajar, J. (2014). Detecting eye movement abnormalities from concussion. In Progress in neurological surgery (Vol. 28, pp. 226\u2013233). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000358786.","DOI":"10.1159\/000358786"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0155","first-page":"1","article-title":"Vision and vestibular system dysfunction predicts prolonged concussion recovery in children","volume":"28","author":"Master","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.3466","article-title":"Utility of pupillary light reflex metrics as a physiologic biomarker for adolescent sport-related concussion","volume":"138","author":"Master","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922815594367","article-title":"Vision diagnoses are common after concussion in adolescents","volume":"55","author":"Master","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical Pediatrics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097699","article-title":"Consensus statement on concussion in sport\u2014the 5th international conference on concussion in sport held in Berlin, October 2016","volume":"51","author":"McCrory","year":"2017","journal-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(98)00206-5","article-title":"Short term modification of disparity vergence eye movements","volume":"39","author":"Munoz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vision Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optom.2016.01.004","article-title":"Vergence findings and horizontal vergence dysfunction among first year university students in Benin City, Nigeria","volume":"9","author":"Ovenseri-Ogbomo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Optometry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001094","article-title":"Visually evoked potential markers of concussion history in patients with convergence insufficiency","volume":"94","author":"Poltavski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optometry & Vision Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.04.008","article-title":"Postconcussion: Receded near point of convergence is not diagnostic of convergence insufficiency","volume":"206","author":"Raghuram","year":"2019","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15353\/cjo.v81i4.1590","article-title":"Effect of vision therapy on measures of oculomotor function in patients presenting with post-concussion syndrome","volume":"81","author":"Rollett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Optometry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rouse, M., Borsting, E., Hyman, L., Hussein, M., Cotter, S., Flynn, M., \u2026 CIRS. (1999). Frequency of convergence insufficiency among fifth and sixth graders. Optometry & Vision Science, 76(9), 643\u2013649.","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199909000-00022"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2004.00202.x","article-title":"Validity and reliability of the revised convergence insufficiency symptom survey in adults","volume":"24","author":"Rouse","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0210","article-title":"Near point of convergence deficits and treatment following concussion: A systematic review","volume":"1\u201315","author":"Santo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Sport Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.068197","article-title":"Randomised clinical trial of the effectiveness of base-in prism reading glasses versus placebo reading glasses for symptomatic convergence insufficiency in children","volume":"89","author":"Scheiman","year":"2005","journal-title":"British Journal of Ophthalmology."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000936","article-title":"Objective assessment of vergence after treatment of concussion-related CI: A pilot study","volume":"94","author":"Scheiman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optometry & Vision Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scheiman, M.., Grady, M. F., & Jenewein, E. (2021) Frequency of oculomotor vision disorders in adolescents 11 to 17 years of age with concussion, 4 to 12 weeks post injury. Vision Research. in review.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2020.09.011"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0230","article-title":"Non-surgical interventions for convergence insufficiency","volume":"16","author":"Scheiman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0235","first-page":"CD006768","article-title":"Interventions for convergence insufficiency: A network meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Scheiman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.1.14","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial of treatments for convergence insufficiency in children","volume":"123","author":"Scheiman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Archives of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E583","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000171331.36871.2f","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial of vision therapy\/orthoptics versus pencil pushups for the treatment of convergence insufficiency in young adults","volume":"82","author":"Scheiman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Optometry and Vision Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0250","series-title":"Clinical management of binocular vision: Heterophoric, accommodative, and eye movement disorders: Fifth Edition","article-title":"Clinical management of binocular vision: Heterophoric, accommodative, and eye movement disorders: Fifth edition","author":"Scheiman","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-193001000-00001","article-title":"Zones of ocular comfort","volume":"7","author":"Sheard","year":"1930","journal-title":"Am. J. Optom."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000910","article-title":"Near point of convergence after concussion in children","volume":"94","author":"Storey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optometry and Vision Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/01658107.2019.1653325","article-title":"Correlation between ocular and vestibular abnormalities and convergence insufficiency in post-concussion syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Suleiman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuro-Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2010.07.0129","article-title":"Vergence in mild traumatic brain injury: A pilot study","volume":"49","author":"Szymanowicz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2011.00831.x","article-title":"Vergence dysfunction in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI): A review","volume":"31","author":"Thiagarajan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics: The Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2015.12.010","article-title":"Ocular motor assessment in concussion: Current status and future directions","volume":"361","author":"Ventura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optom.2015.10.006","article-title":"Vergence anomalies in a sample of high school students in South Africa","volume":"9","author":"Wajuihian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Optometry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001221","article-title":"Post-therapy functional magnetic resonance imaging in adults with symptomatic convergence insufficiency","volume":"95","author":"Widmer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Optometry & Vision Science"},{"issue":"13\u201314","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2013.844856","article-title":"Optimization of the pattern visual evoked potential (VEP) in the visually-normal and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) populations","volume":"27","author":"Yadav","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2200","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.6075","article-title":"Vergence Endurance Test: A pilot study for a concussion biomarker","volume":"36","author":"Yaramothu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci9100257","article-title":"Epidemiology and incidence of pediatric concussions in general aspects of life","volume":"9","author":"Yaramothu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1992.68.5.1624","article-title":"Saccade-vergence interactions in humans","volume":"68","author":"Zee","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"}],"container-title":["Vision Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0042698921000754?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0042698921000754?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T01:21:02Z","timestamp":1758590462000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0042698921000754"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["S0042698921000754"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-6989"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-6989","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Disparity vergence differences between typically occurring and concussion-related convergence insufficiency pediatric patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Vision Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.visres.2021.03.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}