{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:40:00Z","timestamp":1780584000964,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T16:13:46Z","timestamp":1767370426000},"page":"101419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Neospora caninum infection in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Sohag, Egypt"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Alsagher O.","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wael","family":"Qossa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma A.","family":"Khalifa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan Y.A.H.","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline F.","family":"Frey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ragab M.","family":"Fereig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22788","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-50087-3","article-title":"Serosurvey and associated risk factors for Neospora caninum infection in Egyptian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)","volume":"13","author":"Alshammari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2478\/s11686-014-0201-y","article-title":"PCR detection of Neospora caninum in water buffalo foetal tissues","volume":"59","author":"Auriemma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.10.047","article-title":"Experimental infection of dogs (Canis familiaris) with sporulated oocysts of Neospora caninum","volume":"176","author":"Bandini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-4178-0","article-title":"Abortion and foetal lesions induced by Neospora caninum in experimentally infected water buffalos (Bubalus bubalis)","volume":"114","author":"Chryssafidis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10030532","article-title":"Seroprevalence and clinical outcomes of Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii and Besnoitia besnoiti infections in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)","volume":"10","author":"Ciuca","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(99)00129-0","article-title":"Estimation of vertical and horizontal transmission parameters of Neospora caninum infections in dairy cattle","volume":"29","author":"Davison","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-019-01828-y","article-title":"Vertical transmission of Neospora caninum in bovine fetuses from a slaughterhouse in Brazil","volume":"51","author":"De Aquino Diniz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.00455","article-title":"A review of toxoplasmosis and neosporosis in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)","volume":"7","author":"De Barros","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(02)00010-9","article-title":"Natural transmission routes of Neospora caninum between farm dogs and cattle","volume":"105","author":"Dijkstra","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.05.031","article-title":"Neosporosis in animals \u2013 the last five years","volume":"180","author":"Dubey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(97)00190-2","article-title":"Seroprevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from Egypt","volume":"28","author":"Dubey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(02)00094-2","article-title":"Redescription of Neospora caninum and its differentiation from related coccidian","volume":"32","author":"Dubey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00031-06","article-title":"Epidemiology and control of neosporosis and Neospora caninum","volume":"20","author":"Dubey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0075","author":"Egyptian kennel federation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267640","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1267640","article-title":"Serosurvey of selected reproductive pathogens in domestic ruminants from upper Egypt","volume":"10","author":"Farag","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.06.032","article-title":"Serological detection and epidemiology of Neospora caninum and Cryptosporidium parvum antibodies in cattle in southern Egypt","volume":"162","author":"Fereig","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3327","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12233327","article-title":"Seroprevalence of specific antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Brucella spp. in sheep and goats in Egypt","volume":"12","author":"Fereig","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235934","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1235934","article-title":"Editorial: pathobiology, epidemiology and control of protozoan diseases of veterinary importance","volume":"10","author":"Fereig","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2012.08.012","article-title":"A review of the infection, genetics, and evolution of Neospora caninum: from the past to the present","volume":"13","author":"Goodswen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0110","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of climatic conditions on blood plasma IgG and leptin profiles in buffaloes","volume":"50","author":"Hafez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Anim. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0115","first-page":"233","article-title":"Occurrence of Neospora caninum antibodies in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from south-western region of Iran","volume":"51","author":"Hajikolael","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bull. Vet. Inst. Pulway."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-021-01386-x","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies among buffaloes and cattle from Menoufia Province, Egypt","volume":"45","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Parasit. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.12.030","article-title":"Experimental inoculation of Neospora caninum in pregnant water buffalo","volume":"187","author":"Konrad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(99)00054-0","article-title":"Confirmation that the dog is a definitive host for Neospora caninum","volume":"82","author":"Lindsay","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-022-03275-8","article-title":"Comparative craniometric measurements of two canid species in Egypt: the Egyptian red fox and the Egyptian Baladi dog","volume":"18","author":"Mahdy","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2017.08.001","article-title":"Neospora caninum and bovine neosporosis: current vaccine research","volume":"157","author":"Marugan-Hernandez","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Comp. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0160","series-title":"Parasitic Protozoa of Farm Animals and Pets","first-page":"125","author":"Moore","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.04.011","article-title":"Neospora caninum serostatus is affected by age and species variables in cohabiting water buffaloes and beef cattle","volume":"203","author":"Moore","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2687.1","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in dairy buffaloes in Lahore District, Pakistan","volume":"97","author":"Nasir","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2015.05.009","article-title":"Prevalence and distribution of Neospora caninum in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and cattle in the Northern Territory of Australia","volume":"64","author":"Neverauskas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasitol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2012.10.022","article-title":"What is the global economic impact of Neospora caninum in cattle - the billion dollar question","volume":"43","author":"Reichel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2015.08.008","article-title":"A review of Neospora caninum in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)","volume":"212","author":"Reichel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21897\/rmvz.2135","article-title":"Serological frequency of Neospora caninum in livestock production units in Central Veracruz, Mexico","volume":"26","author":"Reyes-Sandoval","year":"2021","journal-title":"Revista, MVZ C\u00f3rdoba"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0195","first-page":"629","article-title":"Effect of heat stress on production and reproduction performance of buffaloes-a review","volume":"7","author":"Santhosh Kumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharma Innovation J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3381","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-020-02370-y","article-title":"Neosporosis among Egyptian camels and its associated risk factors","volume":"52","author":"Selim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14043","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-93596-9","article-title":"A recent update about seroprevalence of ovine neosporosis in northern Egypt and its associated risk factors","volume":"11","author":"Selim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0215","series-title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Neospora Caninum in Aborted Fetus of Sheep, Goat, Cattle, Buffalo","author":"Shahiduzzaman","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18805\/ajdfr.DR-1734","article-title":"Evaluation of estrona powder as estrus inducer in anestrus buffaloes under field condition","author":"Suthar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian J. Dairy Food Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1080\/09291016.2018.1558740","article-title":"Factors influencing seasonal anestrus in buffaloes and strategies to overcome the summer anestrus in buffaloes","volume":"51","author":"Vijayalakshmy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Rhythm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2016.01.006","article-title":"Neospora caninum is leading cause of bovine fetal loss in British Columbia, Canada","volume":"218","author":"Wilson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."}],"container-title":["Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405939025002278?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405939025002278?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T14:16:13Z","timestamp":1771856173000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2405939025002278"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S2405939025002278"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419","relation":{},"ISSN":["2405-9390"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2405-9390","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Neospora caninum infection in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Sohag, Egypt","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vprsr.2025.101419","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101419"}}