{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T03:28:07Z","timestamp":1793417287579,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003052","name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20173010092430"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20173010092430"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007053","name":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Waste Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T22:52:21Z","timestamp":1643064741000},"page":"16-26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Effects of torrefaction on product distribution and quality of bio-oil from food waste pyrolysis in N2 and CO2"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Hoang Vu","family":"Ly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byeongwan","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinsoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changho","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Tae","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Suk","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung-Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.114221","article-title":"Effect of pyrolysis conditions on bone char characterization and its ability for arsenic and fluoride removal","volume":"262","author":"Alkurdi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuproc.2007.09.002","article-title":"Influence of torrefaction on grindability and reactivity of woody biomass","volume":"89","author":"Arias","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fuel Process. Tecnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2010.11.023","article-title":"The characteristics of bio-oil produced from the pyrolysis of three marine","volume":"102","author":"Bae","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105810","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biombioe.2020.105810","article-title":"Development of a transient CFD model for charcoal production in a batch reactor and validation with measurement data","volume":"142","author":"Blank","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomass Bioenergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2012.12.002","article-title":"Fast pyrolysis of biomass thermally pretreated by torrefaction","volume":"100","author":"Boateng","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0030","series-title":"Michigan Public Service Commission","author":"Bob Fegan, ASHRAE Handbook Fundamentals","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2015.06.078","article-title":"Torrefaction of biomass stalk and its effect on the yield and quality of pyrolysis products","volume":"159","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5287","DOI":"10.1021\/ef4009983","article-title":"Amides in bio-oil by hydrothermal liquefaction of organic wastes: a mass spectrometric study of the thermochemical reaction productsof binary mixtures of amino acids and fatty acids","volume":"27","author":"Chiaberge","year":"2013","journal-title":"Energy Fuels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2019.01.024","article-title":"Food waste to biochars through pyrolysis: A review","volume":"144","author":"Elkhalifa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recy."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0050","unstructured":"Engineering ToolBox, 2005. Fuel Gases Heating Values. (Accessed 30 June, 2021). https:\/\/www.engineeringtoolbox.com\/heating-values-fuel-gases-d_823.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2021.120260","article-title":"Upgraded pongamia pod via torrefaction for the production of bioenergy","volume":"291","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s13530-016-0295-8","article-title":"The slip agents oleamide and erucamide reduce biofouling by marine benthic organisms (diatoms, biofilms and abalones)","volume":"8","author":"Getachew","year":"2016","journal-title":"Toxicol. Environ. Health Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2017.03.169","article-title":"Effect of torrefaction on yield and quality of pyrolytic products of arecanut husk: An agro-processing wastes","volume":"242","author":"Gogoi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2013.07.101","article-title":"Effects of CO2 on biomass fast pyrolysis: Reaction rate, gas yields and char reactive properties","volume":"116","author":"Guizani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.3390\/en10081191","article-title":"Pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of food waste","volume":"10","author":"Jo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Energies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.117724","article-title":"Decontamination of petroleum-contaminated soil via pyrolysis under carbon dioxide atmosphere","volume":"236","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9951","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-7704-z","article-title":"Production and characterization of bio-oil from the pyrolysis of waste frying oil","volume":"24","author":"Kraiem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcou.2019.03.015","article-title":"Pyrolysis of waste feedstocks in CO2 for effective energy recovery and waste treatment","volume":"31","author":"Kwon","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Co2 Util."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2016.10.092","article-title":"Pyrolysis process of agricultural waste using CO2 for waste management, energy recovery, and biochar fabrication","volume":"185","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2016.11.143","article-title":"Effects of carbon dioxide on pyrolysis of peat","volume":"120","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.02.028","article-title":"Employing CO2 as reaction medium for in-situ suppression of the formation of benzene derivatives and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during pyrolysis of simulated municipal solid waste","volume":"224","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcou.2019.11.004","article-title":"Effect of carbon dioxide on thermal treatment of food waste as a sustainable disposal method","volume":"36","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Co2 Util."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2015.10.011","article-title":"Fast pyrolysis of macroalga Saccharina japonica in a bubbling fluidized-bed reactor for bio-oil production","volume":"93","author":"Ly","year":"2015","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2015.09.041","article-title":"Effect of acid washing on pyrolysis of Cladophora socialis alga in microtubing reactor","volume":"106","author":"Ly","year":"2015","journal-title":"Energy Convers. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2016.06.019","article-title":"Fast pyrolysis of Saccharina japonica alga in a fixed-bed reactor for bio-oil production","volume":"122","author":"Ly","year":"2016","journal-title":"Energ. Convers. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2018.08.001","article-title":"Catalytic pyrolysis of tulip tree (Liriodendron) in bubbling fluidized-bed reactor for upgrading bio-oil using dolomite catalyst","volume":"162","author":"Ly","year":"2018","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2018.09.103","article-title":"Upgrading bio-oil by catalytic fast pyrolysis of acid-washed Saccharina japonica alga in a fluidized-bed reactor","volume":"133","author":"Ly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Renew. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2019.10.141","article-title":"Catalytic pyrolysis of bamboo in fluidized-bed reactor with two different catalysts: HZSM-5 and red mud for upgrading bio-oil","volume":"149","author":"Ly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Renew. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.116023","article-title":"Catalytic upgrade for pyrolysis of food waste in a bubbling fluidized-bed reactor","volume":"275","author":"Ly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.130956","article-title":"Catalytic pyrolysis of spent coffee waste for upgrading sustainable bio-oil in a bubbling fluidized-bed reactor: Experimental and techno-economic analysis","volume":"427","author":"Vu Ly","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17333","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cp52977k","article-title":"Theoretical study on the reaction of CO2 and 2-aminobenzonitrile to form quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione in water without any catalystPhys","volume":"2013","author":"Ma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2018.04.002","article-title":"Comparison of the thermal degradation behaviors and kinetics of palm oil waste under nitrogen and air atmosphere in TGA-FTIR with a complementary use of model-free and model-fitting approaches","volume":"134","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Anal. App. Pyrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2012.01.159","article-title":"The effect of torrefaction on the chemistry of fast-pyrolysis bio-oil","volume":"111","author":"Meng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-013-0007-6","article-title":"Microalgae triacylglycerols content by FT-IR spectroscopy","volume":"25","author":"Miglio","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1080\/15567036.2011.631089","article-title":"Fast pyrolysis of pine wood chip in a free fall reactor: the effect of pyrolysis temperature and sweep gas flow rate","volume":"36","author":"Ngo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Energ. Sources Part A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcou.2017.05.017","article-title":"Strategic CO2 utilization for shifting carbon distribution from pyrolytic oil to syngas in pyrolysis of food waste","volume":"20","author":"Oh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Co2 Util."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25081850","article-title":"Antiproliferative Properties of Papaver rhoeas Ovule Extracts and Derived Fractions Tested on HL60 Leukemia Human Cells","volume":"25","author":"Ovidi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2017.03.020","article-title":"Kinetics and evolved gas analysis for pyrolysis of food processing wastes using TGA\/MS\/FT-IR","volume":"64","author":"\u00d6zsin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Waste Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2017.10.035","article-title":"Torrefaction of landfill food waste for possible application in biomass co-firing","volume":"71","author":"Pahla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Waste Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2014.12.004","article-title":"Food waste to energy conversion technologies: current status and future direction","volume":"38","author":"Pham","year":"2015","journal-title":"Waste Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2014.09.120","article-title":"A study on torrefaction of food waste","volume":"140","author":"Poudel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2012.06.091","article-title":"The effect of torrefaction on compositions of bio-oil as syngas from biomass pyrolysis by microwave heating","volume":"135","author":"Ren","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2009.06.095","article-title":"The mechanism for thermal decomposition of cellulose and its main products","volume":"100","author":"Shen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2017.09.210","article-title":"Co-pyrolysis characteristics and kinetic analysis of organic food waste and plastic","volume":"249","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3389\/fenrg.2020.00117","article-title":"Reaction of CO2 With Alcohols to Linear-, Cyclic-, and Poly-Carbonates Using CeO2-Based Catalysts","volume":"8","author":"Tomishige","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Energy Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiec.2021.04.005","article-title":"Fast pyrolysis of pitch pine biomass in a bubbling fluidized-bed reactor for bio-oil production","volume":"98","author":"Tran","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Ind. Eng. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaap.2017.11.021","article-title":"Effect of torrefaction and acid pretreatment on the yield and quality of fast pyrolysis bio-oil from rice straw","volume":"129","author":"Ukaew","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. anal. Appl. Pyrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2012.01.019","article-title":"Rapid co-pyrolysis of rice straw and a bituminous coal in a high-frequency furnace and gasification of the residual char","volume":"109","author":"Yuan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2017.07.024","article-title":"Effect of torrefaction on physiochemical characteristics and grindability of stem wood, stump and bark","volume":"227","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2016.04.096","article-title":"Pretreating biomass via demineralization and torrefaction to improve the quality of crude pyrolysis oil","volume":"109","author":"Wigley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2012.10.067","article-title":"Effect of torrefaction on structure and fast pyrolysis behavior of corncobs","volume":"128","author":"Zheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."}],"container-title":["Waste Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0956053X22000149?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0956053X22000149?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T17:54:21Z","timestamp":1760637261000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0956053X22000149"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["S0956053X22000149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-053X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-053X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of torrefaction on product distribution and quality of bio-oil from food waste pyrolysis in N2 and CO2","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Waste Management","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.01.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}