{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:42:30Z","timestamp":1791333750446,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52100043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52100043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52125002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52125002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004479","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20202BABL213037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20202BABL213037"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004479","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019YFC1907900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFC1907900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013290","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013290","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Waste Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T23:00:51Z","timestamp":1681772451000},"page":"19-26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Rapid extraction of valuable metals from spent LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 cathodes based on synergistic effects between organic acids"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Jianzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingyu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinkai","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liming","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Penghui","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaoqiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xubiao","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.131739","article-title":"Analytical and reclamation technologies for identification and recycling of precious materials from waste computer and mobile phones","volume":"286","author":"Andrade","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17953","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.50.17953","article-title":"Projector augmented-wave method","volume":"50","author":"Blochl","year":"1994","journal-title":"Phys Rev B Condens Matter"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydromet.2021.105746","article-title":"Leaching of cathode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries by using a mixture of ascorbic acid and HNO3","volume":"205","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hydrometall"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensm.2021.02.032","article-title":"Recycling and environmental issues of lithium-ion batteries: Advances, challenges and opportunities","volume":"37","author":"Costa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Energy Storage Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7020","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.9b00535","article-title":"Sustainable Recycling Technology for Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond: Challenges and Future Prospects","volume":"120","author":"Fan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8532","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaem.0c01166","article-title":"Leaching Mechanisms of Recycling Valuable Metals from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries by a Malonic Acid-Based Leaching System","volume":"3","author":"Fan","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Energy Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b03320","article-title":"Lithium Carbonate Recovery from Cathode Scrap of Spent Lithium-Ion Battery: A Closed-Loop Process","volume":"51","author":"Gao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.01.040","article-title":"Selective recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries \u2013 Process development and kinetics evaluation","volume":"178","author":"Gao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2018.04.024","article-title":"Recovery of lithium and cobalt from spent lithium ion batteries (LIBs) using organic acids as leaching reagents: A review","volume":"136","author":"Golmohammadzadeh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2022.107745","article-title":"Insights into the coordination enhanced leaching mechanism of spent lithium-ion batteries cathode materials","volume":"10","author":"Gu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/382\/5\/052018","article-title":"Progresses on Thermodynamic Databases","volume":"382","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydromet.2004.01.008","article-title":"A short history of hydrometallurgy","volume":"79","author":"Habashi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hydrometall."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2044","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21057","article-title":"Ab-initio simulations of materials using VASP: Density-functional theory and beyond","volume":"29","author":"Hafner","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Comput Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1682-5","article-title":"Recycling lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles","volume":"575","author":"Harper","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2017.02.011","article-title":"Leaching process for recovering valuable metals from the LiNi1\/3Co1\/3Mn1\/3O2 cathode of lithium-ion batteries","volume":"64","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"Waste Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2013.08.128","article-title":"Hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of high value metals from spent lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide based lithium-ion batteries","volume":"247","author":"Jouli\u00e9","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydromet.2009.10.010","article-title":"Recovery of cobalt sulfate from spent lithium ion batteries by reductive leaching and solvent extraction with Cyanex 272","volume":"100","author":"Kang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hydrometall."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.54.11169","article-title":"Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set","author":"Kresse","year":"1996","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensm.2021.05.010","article-title":"Turning waste into wealth: A systematic review on echelon utilization and material recycling of retired lithium-ion batteries","volume":"40","author":"Lai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Energy Storage Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.11.026","article-title":"Recovery of cobalt and lithium from spent lithium ion batteries using organic citric acid as leachant","volume":"176","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2017.10.028","article-title":"Process for recycling mixed-cathode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries and kinetics of leaching","volume":"71","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Waste Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2018.05.110","article-title":"Improvement of the high-rate capability of LiNi1\/3Co1\/3Mn1\/3O2 cathode by adding highly electroconductive and mesoporous graphene","volume":"758","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alloy. Compd."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-021-00776-y","article-title":"Understanding Co roles towards developing Co-free Ni-rich cathodes for rechargeable batteries","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0120","article-title":"An Overview on the Advances of LiCoO2 Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries","volume":"11","author":"Lyu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2021.09.005","article-title":"Recycled cathode materials enabled superior performance for lithium-ion batteries","volume":"5","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Joule"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2015.06.071","article-title":"Hydrometallurgical processing of spent lithium ion batteries (LIBs) in the presence of a reducing agent with emphasis on kinetics of leaching","volume":"281","author":"Meshram","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2015.05.027","article-title":"Recovery of valuable metals from cathodic active material of spent lithium ion batteries: Leaching and kinetic aspects","volume":"45","author":"Meshram","year":"2015","journal-title":"Waste Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202102917","article-title":"Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries\u2014Current State of the Art, Circular Economy, and Next Generation Recycling","volume":"12","author":"Neumann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2022.152577","article-title":"Studying the leaching mechanism of spent SCR catalyst with different leaching agents (NaOH, H2SO4, HCl and HNO3) using DFT calculations","volume":"584","author":"Nie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2019.12.002","article-title":"Recycling of cathode material from spent lithium ion batteries using an ultrasound-assisted DL-malic acid leaching system","volume":"103","author":"Ning","year":"2020","journal-title":"Waste Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2017.08.019","article-title":"Lithium-Ion Battery Supply Chain Considerations: Analysis of Potential Bottlenecks in Critical Metals","volume":"1","author":"Olivetti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Joule"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2839","DOI":"10.1039\/D1GC03776E","article-title":"Recovery of cobalt from lithium-ion battery cathode material by combining solvoleaching and solvent extraction","volume":"24","author":"Peeters","year":"2022","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics8101202","article-title":"Determination of Liberation Degree of Mechanically Processed Waste Printed Circuit Boards by Using the Digital Microscope and SEM-EDS Analysis","volume":"8","author":"Pereira Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2019","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0170","article-title":"Sustainable Li-Ion Batteries: Chemistry and Recycling","volume":"11","author":"Pi\u0105tek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2021.08.032","article-title":"A lattice defect-inspired leaching strategy toward simultaneous recovery and separation of value metals from spent cathode materials","volume":"135","author":"Tao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Waste Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7585","DOI":"10.1039\/D0GC02745F","article-title":"The importance of design in lithium ion battery recycling \u2013 a critical review","volume":"22","author":"Thompson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-018-05752-3","article-title":"Ten years left to redesign lithium-ion batteries Reserves of rare metals used in electric-vehicle cells are dwindling, so boost research on iron and silicon alternatives, urge Kostiantyn Turcheniuk and colleagues","volume":"559","author":"Turcheniuk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydromet.2009.08.005","article-title":"A novel recovery process of metal values from the cathode active materials of the lithium-ion secondary batteries","volume":"99","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hydrometall."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8519","DOI":"10.1039\/D1GC02693C","article-title":"Ultrasound-assisted extraction of metals from Lithium-ion batteries using natural organic acids","volume":"23","author":"Xiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.129593","article-title":"Ultra-fast leaching of critical metals from spent lithium-ion batteries cathode materials achieved by the synergy-coordination mechanism","volume":"420","author":"Xing","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.133232","article-title":"Closed-loop regeneration of battery-grade FePO4 from lithium extraction slag of spent Li-ion batteries via phosphoric acid mixture selective leaching","volume":"431","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1021\/cm0511769","article-title":"X-ray\/Neutron Diffraction and Electrochemical Studies of Lithium De\/Re-Intercalation in Li1-xCo1\/3Ni1\/3Mn1\/3O2 (x = 0 \u2192 1)","author":"Yin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2005.12.014","article-title":"Three-dimensional investigation of the texture and microstructure below a nanoindent in a Cu single crystal using 3D EBSD and crystal plasticity finite element simulations","volume":"54","author":"Zaafarani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Materialia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16133","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.1c04806","article-title":"Simultaneous Recycling of Critical Metals and Aluminum Foil from Waste LiNi1\/3Co1\/3Mn1\/3O2 Cathode via Ethylene Glycol-Citric Acid System","volume":"9","author":"Zeng","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7239","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CS00297E","article-title":"Toward sustainable and systematic recycling of spent rechargeable batteries","volume":"47","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem Soc Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2018.12.034","article-title":"Recovery of valuable metals from LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode materials of spent Li-ion batteries using mild mixed acid as leachant","volume":"85","author":"Zhuang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Waste Manag"}],"container-title":["Waste Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0956053X23003033?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0956053X23003033?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T18:03:29Z","timestamp":1760637809000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0956053X23003033"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0956053X23003033"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-053X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-053X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Rapid extraction of valuable metals from spent LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 cathodes based on synergistic effects between organic acids","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Waste Management","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.04.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}