{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T03:03:23Z","timestamp":1791687803152,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Waste Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T19:20:14Z","timestamp":1758828014000},"page":"115140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Sustainable syngas and H2 from a zootechnical waste: an investigation on fluidized bed gasification of cattle manure"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"208","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0643-6721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Miccio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1802-1208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izabella","family":"Maj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucrezia","family":"Polchri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa Natali","family":"Murri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6911","DOI":"10.1021\/ie0498403","article-title":"Review of Catalysts for Tar Elimination in Biomass Gasification Processes","volume":"43","author":"Abu El-Rub","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2022.127774","article-title":"Challenges and opportunities of lignocellulosic biomass gasification in the path of circular bioeconomy","volume":"362","author":"Akbarian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akter, Mst.M., Surovy, I.Z., Sultana, N., Faruk, Md.O., Gilroyed, B.H., Tijing, L., Arman, Didar-ul-Alam, Md., Shon, H.K., Nam, S.Y., Kabir, M.M., 2024. Techno-economics and environmental sustainability of agricultural biomass-based energy potential. Appl Energy 359, 122662. DOI: 10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.122662.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.122662"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2280","DOI":"10.3390\/su11082280","article-title":"Sustainable Valorization of Animal Manure and Recycled Polyester: Co-pyrolysis Synergy","volume":"11","author":"Aky\u00fcrek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2024.04.039","article-title":"The dynamics of nitrous oxide and methane emissions from various types of dairy manure at smallholder dairy farms as affected by storage periods","volume":"183","author":"Al Zahra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Waste Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2023.127474","article-title":"Investigation of co-pyrolysis blends of camel manure, date pits and plastic waste into value added products using Aspen Plus","volume":"340","author":"Al-Rumaihi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0035","article-title":"Cattle dung conversion to syngas: solar photovoltaic integrated gasification system","author":"Ashraf","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomass Convers. Biorefin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2016.06.031","article-title":"Methane emissions from digestate at an agricultural biogas plant","volume":"216","author":"Bald\u00e9","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0045","series-title":"Biomass Gasification and Pyrolysis. Practical Design","first-page":"117","article-title":"Chapter 5 - Gasification Theory and Modeling of Gasifiers","author":"Basu","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2018.08.067","article-title":"Geopolymer composites for the catalytic cleaning of tar in biomass-derived gas","volume":"131","author":"Bendoni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Renew. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2016.08.095","article-title":"Syngas evolutionary behavior during chicken manure pyrolysis and air gasification","volume":"181","author":"Burra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuproc.2021.106919","article-title":"A review on the selection of raw materials and reactors for biomass fast pyrolysis in China","volume":"221","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fuel Process. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture4010001","article-title":"Microbiological Safety of Chicken Litter or Chicken Litter-based Organic Fertilizers: a Review","volume":"4","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Agriculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2024.07.102","article-title":"Cattle manure thermochemical conversion to hydrogen-rich syngas, through pyrolysis and gasification","volume":"79","author":"Constantinescu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrogen Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2022.116496","article-title":"A comprehensive review of primary strategies for tar removal in biomass gasification","volume":"276","author":"Cortazar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Energy Convers Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2020.104275","article-title":"Determining an effective slat and gap width of flooring for group sow housing, considering both sow comfort and ease of manure management","volume":"242","author":"Devillers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.123799","article-title":"Bioenergy\u2019s role in achieving a low-carbon electricity future: a case of T\u00fcrkiye","volume":"372","author":"Ersoy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0090","first-page":"27","article-title":"Methods for the Treatment of cattle Manure\u2014A Review","volume":"5","author":"Font-Palma","year":"2019","journal-title":"C (basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0095","first-page":"241","article-title":"Validation of a Small Scale Woody Biomass Downdraft Gasification Plant coupled with Gas Engine","volume":"50","author":"Gabbrielli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Trans."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4056563","article-title":"Synergy in Syngas Yield from Co-Pyrolysis of Cow and Chicken Manures","volume":"145","author":"Goud Burra","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Energy Res. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hanf, S., Angeli, S., Dussol, D., Fritsch, C., Maier, L., M\u00fcller, M., Deutschmann, O., Schunk, S.A., 2022. Methane Dry Reforming, in: Chemical Valorisation of Carbon Dioxide. The Royal Society of Chemistry, pp. 187\u2013207. DOI: 10.1039\/9781839167645-00187.","DOI":"10.1039\/9781839167645-00187"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2017.04.017","article-title":"Temperature and gasifying media effects on chicken manure pyrolysis and gasification","volume":"202","author":"Hussein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuproc.2023.107689","article-title":"Coupling biomass gasification and inline co-steam reforming: Synergistic effect on promotion of hydrogen production and tar removal","volume":"243","author":"Kong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fuel Process. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kunii, D., Levenspiel, O., 1991. Fluidization and Mapping of Regimes, in: Fluidization Engineering. Elsevier, pp. 61\u201394. DOI: 10.1016\/B978-0-08-050664-7.50009-3.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-050664-7.50009-3"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applthermaleng.2019.03.110","article-title":"Beneficial use of CO2 in pyrolysis of chicken manure to fabricate a sorptive material for CO2","volume":"154","author":"Kwon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Therm. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-1285(78)90008-4","article-title":"Heterogeneous kinetics of coal char gasification and combustion","volume":"4","author":"Laurendeau","year":"1978","journal-title":"Prog. Energy Combust. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2020.119614","article-title":"Integration of the pelletization and combustion of biodried products derived from municipal organic wastes: the influences of compression temperature and pressure","volume":"219","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16779","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c01785","article-title":"Co-Gasification of Cow Manure and Bituminous Coal: a Study on Reactivity, Synergistic effect, and Char Structure Evolution","volume":"5","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8981","DOI":"10.3390\/en15238981","article-title":"Significance and challenges of Poultry Litter and cattle Manure as Sustainable Fuels: a Review","volume":"15","author":"Maj","year":"2022","journal-title":"Energies (basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0150","article-title":"Properties of Animal-Origin Ash\u2014A Valuable Material for Circular Economy","volume":"15","author":"Maj","year":"2022","journal-title":"Energies (basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2021.06.019","article-title":"The influence of cow dung and mixed straw ashes on steel corrosion","volume":"177","author":"Maj","year":"2021","journal-title":"Renew. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.3390\/en17081854","article-title":"The Impact of Aluminosilicate Additives upon the Chlorine distribution and Melting Behavior of Poultry Litter Ash","volume":"17","author":"Maj","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energies (basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0165","first-page":"133","article-title":"Geopolymerization as Effective measure for reducing risks during Coal Ashes Handling, Storage and Disposal","volume":"36","author":"Miccio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Trans."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuproc.2015.06.007","article-title":"Increasing tar and hydrocarbons conversion by catalysis in bubbling fluidized bed gasifiers","volume":"141","author":"Miccio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fuel Process. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0175","article-title":"Chemical looping gasification of biomass char in fluidized bed and CO2-enriched atmosphere","author":"Miccio","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomass Convers. Biorefin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0961-9534(95)00067-4","article-title":"Boiler deposits from firing biomass fuels","volume":"10","author":"Miles","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biomass Bioenergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10040402","article-title":"Poultry Litter Contamination by Escherichia coli Resistant to Critically Important Antimicrobials for Human and Animal Use and risk for Public Health in Cameroon","volume":"10","author":"Moffo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.3390\/en11040811","article-title":"Biofuels Production by Biomass Gasification: a Review","volume":"11","author":"Molino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Energies (basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-022-01424-x","article-title":"Biochar for agronomy, animal farming, anaerobic digestion, composting, water treatment, soil remediation, construction, energy storage, and carbon sequestration: a review","volume":"20","author":"Osman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3085","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.energyfuels.6b00058","article-title":"Poultry Litter Gasification in a Fluidized Bed Reactor: Effects of Gasifying Agent and Limestone Addition","volume":"30","author":"Pandey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Energy Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2016.04.048","article-title":"Effect of gasification agent on co-gasification of rice production wastes mixtures","volume":"180","author":"Pinto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0210","unstructured":"Polish Council of Ministers, 2020. . Polish Council of Ministers (Poland), Warsaw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2024.132204","article-title":"Biofuel and biochemical production through biomass transformation using advanced thermochemical and biochemical processes \u2013 a review","volume":"372","author":"Poornima","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1021\/ef101182s","article-title":"Fluidized-Bed Combustion of Single Coal Char Particles: an Analysis of the burning Rate and of the Primary CO\/CO 2 Ratio","volume":"25","author":"Scala","year":"2011","journal-title":"Energy Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4047597","article-title":"Co-Pyrolysis of Chicken and Cow Manure","volume":"143","author":"Selim","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Energy Res. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4047018","article-title":"Effect of heating Rate on Chemical Kinetics of Chicken Manure with Different Gas Agents","volume":"142","author":"Selim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Energy Res. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2939","DOI":"10.1039\/C6EE00935B","article-title":"An overview of advances in biomass gasification","volume":"9","author":"Sikarwar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0245","article-title":"Recent development of biomass gasification for H2 rich gas production","volume":"10","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Energy Combust. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2022.120544","article-title":"Towards energy security by promoting circular economy: a holistic approach","volume":"333","author":"Taifouris","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2022.12.019","article-title":"Effects of steam and CO2 on gasification tar composition and evolution of aromatic compounds","volume":"157","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Waste Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2022.04.034","article-title":"Study on chicken manure combustion and heat production in terms of thermal self-sufficiency of a poultry farm","volume":"191","author":"Turzy\u0144ski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Renew. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2024.09.005","article-title":"Sequential carbonization of pig manure biogas residue into engineered biochar for diethyl phthalate removal toward environmental sustainability","volume":"190","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Waste Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2023.02.024","article-title":"Co-composting poultry carcasses with wood-based, distillers\u2019 grain and cow manure biochar to increase core compost temperatures and reduce leachate\u2019s COD","volume":"161","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Waste Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2022.126392","article-title":"Biomass char gasification kinetic rates compared to data, including ash effects","volume":"266","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4432","DOI":"10.3390\/en17174432","article-title":"Gasification of the Char Residues with High Ash Content by Carbon Dioxide","volume":"17","author":"Xue","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energies (basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2017.02.026","article-title":"Cattle manure pyrolysis process: Kinetic and thermodynamic analysis with isoconversional methods","volume":"107","author":"Yuan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Renew. Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2025.137916","article-title":"Pyrolysis of pig waste from intensive farming operations: Kinetics, product distribution, and transformation of endogenous heavy metals","volume":"491","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.3390\/pr10071257","article-title":"Cow Dung Gasification Process for Hydrogen Production using Water Vapor as Gasification Agent","volume":"10","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Processes"}],"container-title":["Waste Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0956053X25005513?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0956053X25005513?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T21:03:23Z","timestamp":1765314203000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0956053X25005513"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":58,"alternative-id":["S0956053X25005513"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-053X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-053X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sustainable syngas and H2 from a zootechnical waste: an investigation on fluidized bed gasification of cattle manure","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Waste Management","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wasman.2025.115140","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"115140"}}