{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T01:31:16Z","timestamp":1780104676506,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,1]],"date-time":"2013-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1367366400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,1]],"date-time":"2013-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1367366400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]],"date-time":"2013-02-27T13:00:29Z","timestamp":1361970029000},"page":"2592-2602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["A mathematical model for removal of human pathogenic viruses and bacteria by slow sand filtration under variable operational conditions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Jack F.","family":"Schijven","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harold H.J.L.","family":"van den Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Colin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yolanda","family":"Dullemont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wim A.M.","family":"Hijnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Magic-Knezev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wim A.","family":"Oorthuizen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Wubbels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6412","DOI":"10.1021\/es050159h","article-title":"Effect of ferric oxyhydroxide grain coatings on the transport of bacteriophage PRD1 and Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in saturated porous media","volume":"39","author":"Abudalo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environmental Science & Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Integrated comparison of biofiltration in engineered versus natural systems","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Amy","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib3","volume":"vol. 31","author":"Anonymous","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib4","series-title":"VROM-Inspectierichtlijn Analyse microbiologische veiligheid drinkwater","author":"Anonymous","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.2307\/2987937","article-title":"Measurement in medicine: the analysis of method comparison studies","volume":"32","author":"Altman","year":"1983","journal-title":"Statistician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5008","DOI":"10.1021\/es1010253","article-title":"Correlating transport behavior with cell properties for eight porcine Escherichia coli isolates","volume":"44","author":"Bolster","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environmental Science & Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9372(2006)132:8(872)","article-title":"Deterministic-based model of slow sand filtration. I: model development","volume":"132","author":"Campos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4543","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(02)00167-7","article-title":"Biomass development in slow sand filters","volume":"36","author":"Campos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2011.11.028","article-title":"Attachment of bacteriophages MS2 and \u03d5X174 onto kaolinite and montmorrilonite: extended DLVO interactions","volume":"92","author":"Chrysikopolous","year":"2012","journal-title":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib10","first-page":"12","article-title":"Removal of microorganisms by slow sand filtration","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Dullemont","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib11","article-title":"Virus attenuation by microbial mechanisms during the idle time of a household slow sand filter","volume":"45","author":"Elliot","year":"2011","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2009.08.034","article-title":"Towards understanding inter-strain attachment variations of Escherichia coli during transport in saturated quartz sand","volume":"44","author":"Foppen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2005.05.023","article-title":"Transport of Escherichia coli in columns of geochemically heterogeneous sediment","volume":"39","author":"Foppen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib14","series-title":"Predictive Inference","isbn-type":"print","author":"Geisser","year":"1993","ISBN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/isbn\/0412034719"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2007.01.056","article-title":"Removal and fate of Cryptosporidium parvum, Clostridium perfringens and small-sized centric diatoms (Stephanodiscus hantzschii) in slow sand filters","volume":"41","author":"Hijnen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2004.0044","article-title":"Elimination of viruses, bacteria and protozoan oocysts by slow sand filtration","volume":"50","author":"Hijnen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Water Science & Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib17","series-title":"Water Quality \u2013 Detection and Enumeration of Bacteriophages - Part 1: Enumeration of F-specific RNA-bacteriophages","author":"ISO (International Organization for Standardization)","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2009.09.019","article-title":"Modeling of slow sand filtration for disinfection of secondary clarifier effluent","volume":"44","author":"Langenbach","year":"2010","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(98)00279-6","article-title":"Removal of microorganisms from water by columns containing sand coated with ferric and aluminum hydroxides","volume":"33","author":"Lukasik","year":"1999","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2008.11.001","article-title":"The effect of surface characteristics on the transport of multiple Escherichia coli isolates in large scale columns of quartz sand","volume":"43","author":"Lutterodt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.2166\/aqua.2004.0009","article-title":"Sand filtration in a water treatment plant: biological parameters responsible for clogging","volume":"53","author":"Mauclaire","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Water Supply: Research Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib22","series-title":"Generalized Linear Models","author":"McCullagh","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.1991.0029","article-title":"Production and control of reference materials for water microbiology","volume":"24","author":"Mooijman","year":"1991","journal-title":"Water Science & Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1002\/clen.201100620","article-title":"Designing iron-amended biosand filters for decentralized safe drinking water provision","volume":"40","author":"Noubactep","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clean-Soil, Air, Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5576","DOI":"10.1021\/la950884d","article-title":"Deposition kinetics of two viruses in packed beds of quartz granular media","volume":"12","author":"Penrod","year":"1996","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(03)00165-8","article-title":"Performance evaluation of slow sand filtration using fuzzy rule-based modeling","volume":"19","author":"Sadiq","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environmental Modelling and Software"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1472-765x.2002.01075.x","article-title":"EU Drinking Water Directive reference methods for enumeration of total coliforms and Escherichia coli compared with alternative methods","volume":"34","author":"Schets","year":"2002","journal-title":"Letters in Applied Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(02)00627-9","article-title":"Bacteriophages and clostridium spores as indicator organisms for removal of pathogens by passage through saturated dune sand","volume":"37","author":"Schijven","year":"2003","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1080\/10643380091184174","article-title":"Removal of viruses by soil passage: overview of modeling, processes and parameters","volume":"31","author":"Schijven","year":"2000","journal-title":"Critical Reviews in Environmental Science & Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7722(01)00215-7","article-title":"Two-site kinetic modeling of bacteriophages transport through columns of saturated dune sand","volume":"57","author":"Schijven","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2011.08.024","article-title":"QMRAspot: a computational user-friendly interactive tool for quantitative microbial risk assessment from surface water to drinking water","volume":"45","author":"Schijven","year":"2011","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib32","article-title":"The HYDRUS-1D Software Package for Simulating the One-dimensional Movement of Water, Heat, and Multiple Solutes in Variably-saturated Media \u2013 Version 4.12","author":"Simunek","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(92)90126-O","article-title":"Microbial populations, activities and carbon metabolism in slow sand filters","volume":"10","author":"Taylor Eighmy","year":"1992","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.3390\/w2020285","article-title":"Improved filtration technology for pathogen reduction in rural water supplies","volume":"2","author":"Tellen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10818","DOI":"10.1021\/la0486638","article-title":"Deviation from the classical colloid filtration theory in the presence of repulsive DLVO interactions","volume":"20","author":"Tufenkji","year":"2004","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib36","series-title":"SUTRA. A Model for Saturated-unsaturated, Variable-density Groundwater Flow with Solute or Energy Transport","author":"Voss","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(98)00272-3","article-title":"Bacterivory by a chrysophyte in slow sand filters","volume":"33","author":"Weber-Shirk","year":"1999","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib38","series-title":"Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality","isbn-type":"print","author":"WHO","year":"2011","ISBN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/isbn\/9789241548151"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1021\/es60058a005","article-title":"Water and waste water filtration: concepts and applications","volume":"5","author":"Yao","year":"1971","journal-title":"Environmental Science & Technology"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2014.07.033","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,15]],"date-time":"2014-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416009600000}}],"container-title":["Water Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0043135413001310?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0043135413001310?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T01:35:48Z","timestamp":1758591348000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0043135413001310"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0043135413001310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027","relation":{"erratum":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1016\/j.watres.2014.07.033","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0043-1354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-1354","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A mathematical model for removal of human pathogenic viruses and bacteria by slow sand filtration under variable operational conditions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Water Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2013.02.027","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}