{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:40:22Z","timestamp":1792784422492,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21622706"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21622706"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangdong\u2019s Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars","award":["2015A030306017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015A030306017"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Province Science and Technology Planning Project","award":["2017B020216005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017B020216005"]}]},{"name":"Foshan Science and Technology Innovation Project","award":["2016AG100991"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016AG100991"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["17lgjc16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17lgjc16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]],"date-time":"2018-10-23T08:36:44Z","timestamp":1540283804000},"page":"250-260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"special_numbering":"C","title":["ClO2 pre-oxidation changes the yields and formation pathways of chloroform and chloral hydrate from phenolic precursors during chlorination"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Wenhui","family":"Gan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuexian","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haihui","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4156","DOI":"10.1021\/j100408a063","article-title":"Substituent effects on rates of one-electron oxidation of phenols by the radicals ClO2, NO2, SO3-","volume":"90","author":"Alfassi","year":"1986","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Phys. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib2","series-title":"Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater","author":"APHA","year":"1998"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7778","DOI":"10.1021\/es800399a","article-title":"Evaluation of functional groups responsible for chloroform formation during water chlorination using compound specific isotope analysis","volume":"42","author":"Arnold","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2012.404","article-title":"Recent advances in structure and reactivity of dissolved organic matter: radiation chemistry of non-isolated natural organic matter and selected model compounds","volume":"66","author":"Ayatollahi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Water Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1080\/09593330.2012.705895","article-title":"A\u00a0critical review of trihalomethane and haloacetic acid formation from natural organic matter surrogates","volume":"1","author":"Bond","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Technol. Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1021\/es00110a005","article-title":"Reaction pathways of trihalomethane formation from the halogenation of dihydroxyaromatic model compounds for humic acid","volume":"17","author":"Boyce","year":"1983","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14432","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b04783","article-title":"Formation pathways and trade-offs between haloacetamides and haloacetaldehydes during combined chlorination and chloramination of lignin phenols and natural Waters","volume":"49","author":"Chuang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(85)90330-4","article-title":"Chloroform production from model compounds of aquatic humic material the role of pentachlororesorcinol as an intermediate","volume":"47","author":"De Leer","year":"1985","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3226","DOI":"10.1021\/es0711866","article-title":"Haloacetic acid and trihalomethane formation from the chlorination and bromination of aliphatic \u03b2-dicarbonyl acid model compounds","volume":"42","author":"Dickenson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1551-8833.2009.tb09963.x","article-title":"Occurrence and removal of amino acids during drinking water treatment","volume":"101","author":"Dotson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Am. Water Works Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(01)00187-7","article-title":"Chlorination of natural organic matter: kinetics of chlorination and of THM formation","volume":"36","author":"Gallard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1021\/es010076a","article-title":"Chlorination of phenols:\u2009 kinetics and formation of chloroform","volume":"36","author":"Gallard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.12.091","article-title":"The occurrence of disinfection by-products in municipal drinking water in China's Pearl River Delta and a multipathway cancer risk assessment","volume":"447","author":"Gan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18321\/ectj409","article-title":"Reactions of chlorine dioxide with organic compounds","volume":"7","author":"Ganiev","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eurasian Chem. Tech. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2009.10.017","article-title":"Mass spectral characteristics of the chlorinated disinfection byproduct 2,2,4-trichloro-5-methoxy-cyclopent-4-ene-1,3-dione","volume":"973","author":"Gong","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Mol. Struct."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2005.03.013","article-title":"Molecular structure of a new chlorinated disinfection by-product in drinking water","volume":"748","author":"Gong","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Mol. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib1a","series-title":"Exploring QSAR: hydrophobic, electronic, and steric constants","author":"Hansch","year":"1995"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(94)90118-X","article-title":"Kinetics of reactions of chlorine dioxide (OClO) in water\u2014I. Rate constants for inorganic and organic compounds","volume":"28","author":"Hoign\u00e9","year":"1994","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2007.01.032","article-title":"Comparison of disinfection byproduct formation from chlorine and alternative disinfectants","volume":"41","author":"Hua","year":"2007","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4520","DOI":"10.1021\/ac400160r","article-title":"Ultra pressure liquid chromatography\u2013negative electrospray ionization mass spectrometry determination of twelve halobenzoquinones at ng\/L levels in drinking water","volume":"85","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(87)90162-X","article-title":"Reactions of chlorine and chlorine dioxide with resorcinol in aqueous solution and adsorbed on granular activated carbon","volume":"21","author":"Jackson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13749","DOI":"10.1021\/es506358x","article-title":"Occurrence and comparative toxicity of haloacetaldehyde disinfection Byproducts in drinking water","volume":"49","author":"Jeong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.12.005","article-title":"Formation of 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone from aromatic compounds after chlorination","volume":"110","author":"Kosaka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2008.03.062","article-title":"Formation of halogenated acetaldehydes, and occurrence in Canadian drinking water","volume":"72","author":"Koudjonou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1551-8833.1989.tb03258.x","article-title":"The occurrence of disinfection by-products in U.S drinking Water","volume":"81","author":"Krasner","year":"1989","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Am. Water Works Assoc."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1021\/es00130a007","article-title":"Increased chloroform production from model components of aquatic humus and mixtures of chlorine dioxide\/chlorine","volume":"18","author":"Lin","year":"1984","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2010.01.026","article-title":"DNA damage induction by two halogenated acetaldehydes, byproducts of water disinfection","volume":"44","author":"Liviac","year":"2010","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2780","DOI":"10.1021\/ac9912552","article-title":"Isolation and quantification of dissolved lignin from natural waters using solid-phase extraction and GC\/MS","volume":"72","author":"Louchouarn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib28","series-title":"Standards for Drinking Water Quality","author":"Ministry of Health","year":"2006"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1021\/es00162a010","article-title":"Structural characterization of aquatic humic material. 2. Phenolic content and its relationship to chlorination mechanism in an isolated aquatic fulvic acid","volume":"21","author":"Norwood","year":"1987","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1021\/es60162a012","article-title":"Reactions of chlorine with selected aromatic models of aquatic humic material","volume":"14","author":"Norwood","year":"1980","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9372(2007)133:1(53)","article-title":"Information collection rule data evaluation and analysis to support impacts on disinfection by-product formation","volume":"133","author":"Obolensky","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Environ. Eng.-ASCE"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1715821115","article-title":"Unexpected transformation of dissolved phenols to toxic dicarbonyls by hydroxyl radicals and UV light","volume":"115","author":"Prasse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib33","series-title":"Quality and Treatment of Drinking Water II. J. Hrubec. Berlin, Heidelberg","first-page":"143","article-title":"Transformation of aqueous pollutants by chlorine dioxide: reactions, mechanisms and products","author":"Rav-Acha","year":"1998"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrrev.2007.09.001","article-title":"Occurrence, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity of regulated and emerging disinfection by-products in drinking water: a review and roadmap for research","volume":"636","author":"Richardson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mutat. Res-rev. Mutat."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(02)01044-X","article-title":"Proton-binding study of standard and reference fulvic acids, humic acids, and natural organic matter","volume":"67","author":"Ritchie","year":"2003","journal-title":"Geochem. Cosmochim. Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9372(1994)120:4(727)","article-title":"Control of disinfection by-products in drinking water","volume":"120","author":"Singer","year":"1994","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Environ. Eng.-ASCE"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(76)90077-4","article-title":"Model studies in aqueous chlorination: the chlorination of phenols in dilute aqueous solutions","volume":"10","author":"Smith","year":"1976","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8246101","article-title":"Reaction products of chlorine dioxide","volume":"46","author":"Stevens","year":"1982","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1021\/es00053a012","article-title":"Degradative pathways for aqueous chlorination of orcinol","volume":"28","author":"Tretyakova","year":"1994","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib40","first-page":"171","article-title":"Disinfection by-products in the chlorination of organic nitrogen compounds: possible pathways for the formation of disinfection by-products","volume":"13","author":"Ueno","year":"1995","journal-title":"Water Supply"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib41","series-title":"Method 551.1: Determination of Chlorination Disinfection Byproducts, Chlorinated Solvents, and Halogenated Pesticides\/herbicides in Drinking Water by Liquid-liquid Extraction and Gas Chromatography with Electron-capture Detection","author":"USEPA","year":"1995"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib42","first-page":"388","article-title":"National primary drinking water regulations: stage 2 Disinfectants and disinfection byproducts rule","volume":"71","author":"USEPA","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fed. Regist."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1021\/es00101a006","article-title":"Oxidation of phenol and hydroquinone by chlorine dioxide","volume":"16","author":"Wajon","year":"1982","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11783-014-0734-1","article-title":"Disinfection byproducts in drinking water and regulatory compliance: a critical review","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Environ. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11147","DOI":"10.1021\/es402516b","article-title":"Chemical oxidation of dissolved organic matter by chlorine dioxide, chlorine, and ozone: effects on its optical and antioxidant properties","volume":"47","author":"Wenk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib46","series-title":"Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality: Recommendations","author":"WHO","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.11.028","article-title":"Examination of disinfection by-product (DBP) formation in source waters: a study using log-transformed differential spectra","volume":"50","author":"Yan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.12.014","article-title":"Formation of disinfection byproducts upon chlorine dioxide preoxidation followed by chlorination or chloramination of natural organic matter","volume":"91","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5856","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.07.010","article-title":"Formation of disinfection by-products after pre-oxidation with chlorine dioxide or ferrate","volume":"47","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.12.143","article-title":"Impact of ClO2 pre-oxidation on the formation of CX3R-type DBPs from tyrosine-based amino acid precursors during chlorination and chloramination","volume":"196","author":"Yao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"}],"container-title":["Water Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0043135418308522?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0043135418308522?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T01:54:52Z","timestamp":1758592492000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0043135418308522"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["S0043135418308522"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-1354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-1354","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"ClO2 pre-oxidation changes the yields and formation pathways of chloroform and chloral hydrate from phenolic precursors during chlorination","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Water Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2018.10.055","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}