{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T14:46:30Z","timestamp":1789137990985,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U22A20240"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U22A20240"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015956","name":"Special Project for Research and Development in Key areas of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015956","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003472","name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022TS01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022TS01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003472","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011382","name":"State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011382","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T17:25:53Z","timestamp":1696440353000},"page":"120675","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Overlooked flocs in electrocoagulation-based ultrafiltration systems: A new understanding of the structural interfacial properties"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"246","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxuan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hesong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongqing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2576-2947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinlong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxiang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuewu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9100-6007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heng","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.140806","article-title":"Combined electrocoagulation processes as a novel approach for enhanced pollutants removal: a state-of-the-art review","volume":"744","author":"Al-Qodah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0002","article-title":"The pretreatment effects of various target pollutant in real coal gasification gray water by coupling pulse electrocoagulation with chemical precipitation methods","volume":"311","author":"An","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.115558","article-title":"Pre-deposited dynamic membrane filtration \u2013 a review","volume":"173","author":"Anantharaman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-7388(02)00014-5","article-title":"Assessing short-range membrane\u2013colloid interactions using surface energetics","volume":"203","author":"Brant","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Memb. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-8686(00)00078-6","article-title":"On techniques for the measurement of the mass fractal dimension of aggregates","volume":"95","author":"Bushell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2022.121058","article-title":"Recent progress on electrocoagulation process for wastewater treatment: a review","volume":"292","author":"Das","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11096","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b03152","article-title":"Complexation and redox buffering of iron(II) by dissolved organic matter","volume":"51","author":"Daugherty","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11652","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b02038","article-title":"Role of calcium in the coagulation of NOM with ferric chloride","volume":"51","author":"Davis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2022.118883","article-title":"Membrane fouling mitigation by coagulation and electrostatic repulsion using an electro-AnMBR in kitchen wastewater treatment","volume":"222","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2022.119387","article-title":"Effects of dissolved organic matter molecules on the sequestration and stability of uranium during the transformation of Fe (oxyhydr)oxides","volume":"229","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.02.028","article-title":"Peroxymonosulfate-assisted electro-oxidation\/coagulation coupled with ceramic membrane for manganese and phosphorus removal in surface water","volume":"365","author":"Du","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.131104","article-title":"Highly efficient removal of phosphonates by ferrate-induced oxidation coupled with in situ coagulation","volume":"451","author":"Fan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelechem.2017.07.047","article-title":"Electrocoagulation and advanced electrocoagulation processes: a general review about the fundamentals, emerging applications and its association with other technologies","volume":"801","author":"Garcia-Segura","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Electroanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0014","first-page":"452","article-title":"Semi-unzipping of chitosan-sodium alginate polyelectrolyte gel for efficient capture of metallic mineral ions from tannery effluent","author":"Guan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2006.08.032","article-title":"The role of natural organic matter in suspension stability: 2. modelling of particle\u2013particle interaction","volume":"295","author":"Harbour","year":"2007","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0016","first-page":"229","article-title":"Improvements of ferrate(VI) pretreatment on membrane flux and membrane rejection using cheap NaClO reagent","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0017","first-page":"183","article-title":"Constant pressure blocking filtration law application to power-law non-Newtonian fluid","volume":"60","author":"Hermia","year":"1982","journal-title":"Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1006\/jcis.2000.7231","article-title":"A combined pore blockage and cake filtration model for protein fouling during microfiltration","volume":"232","author":"Ho","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2009.0462","article-title":"Nanoparticle aggregation: challenges to understanding transport and reactivity in the environment","volume":"39","author":"Hotze","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Environ. Qual."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8161","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.0c01286","article-title":"Fe(II) redox chemistry in the environment","volume":"121","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2734","DOI":"10.1021\/es026208x","article-title":"Iron-catalyzed oxidation of arsenic(III) by oxygen and by hydrogen peroxide: pH-dependent formation of oxidants in the Fenton reaction","volume":"37","author":"Hug","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126625","article-title":"Towards a comparison between the hybrid ozonation-coagulation (HOC) process using Al- and Fe-based coagulants: performance and mechanism","volume":"253","author":"Jin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.137251","article-title":"Characteristics and mechanisms of As(III) removal by potassium ferrate coupled with Al-based coagulants: analysis of aluminum speciation distribution and transformation","volume":"313","author":"Kong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2016.02.049","article-title":"Growth and structure of flocs following electrocoagulation","volume":"163","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2022.120331","article-title":"Efficient synergism of K2FeO4 preoxidation\/MIEX adsorption in ultrafiltration membrane fouling control and mechanisms","volume":"648","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Memb. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.116250","article-title":"The formation of planar crystalline flocs of gamma-FeOOH in Fe(II) coagulation and the influence of humic acid","volume":"185","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2022.12.018","article-title":"Effects of operating conditions on iron (hydr)oxides evolution and ciprofloxacin degradation in potassium ferrate-ozone stepwise oxidation system","volume":"135","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2021.119048","article-title":"Modelling the critical roles of zeta potential and contact angle on colloidal fouling with a coupled XDLVO - collision attachment approach","volume":"623","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Memb. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1021\/acsestengg.1c00433","article-title":"Electroprecipitation mechanism enabling silica and hardness removal through aluminum-based electrocoagulation","volume":"2","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS ES&T Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0030","first-page":"417","article-title":"Comprehensive review of floc growth and structure using electrocoagulation: characterization, measurement, and influencing factors","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14843","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b03126","article-title":"alpha-Fe2O3@PANI core-shell nanowire arrays as negative electrodes for asymmetric supercapacitors","volume":"7","author":"Lu","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2003.12.009","article-title":"Removal of sulfide, sulfate and sulfite ions by electro coagulation","volume":"109","author":"Murugananthan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2016.03.135","article-title":"Facile synthesis of Fe 3 O 4 @Cu(OH) 2 composites and their arsenic adsorption application","volume":"299","author":"Peng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c04803","article-title":"Multicompartment depletion factors for water consumption on a global scale","author":"Pierrat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3283","DOI":"10.1021\/es3042719","article-title":"Ferrate(VI)-induced arsenite and arsenate removal by In Situ structural incorporation into magnetic iron(III) oxide nanoparticles","volume":"47","author":"Prucek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"51","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35253","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6b11840","article-title":"High pseudocapacitance in FeOOH\/rGO composites with superior performance for high rate anode in Li-Ion battery","volume":"8","author":"Qi","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2015.02.002","article-title":"Membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor: impacts of floc size","volume":"269","author":"Shen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8544","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b01189","article-title":"Performance and mechanisms of ultrafiltration membrane fouling mitigation by coupling coagulation and applied electric field in a novel electrocoagulation membrane reactor","volume":"51","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2017.12.073","article-title":"Enhanced membrane fouling mitigation by modulating cake layer porosity and hydrophilicity in an electro-coagulation\/oxidation membrane reactor (ECOMR)","volume":"550","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Memb. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2019.121373","article-title":"Removal of fluoride from wastewater solution using Ce-AlOOH with oxalic acid as modification","volume":"384","author":"Tao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2009.06.013","article-title":"Effect of coagulation conditions on the dewatering properties of sludges produced in drinking water treatment","volume":"348","author":"Verrelli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.138974","article-title":"Efficient removal of antimony by a facile liquid-controlled strategy reinforced hematite-spinel (Fe2O3-MnFe2O4) composite: construction, simulation and practical evaluation","volume":"451","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0043","first-page":"190","article-title":"Effects of crystallite size on the structure and magnetism of ferrihydrite","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.: Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2017.01.061","article-title":"Insight into the combined coagulation-ultrafiltration process: the role of Al species of polyaluminum chlorides","volume":"529","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Memb. Sci."},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0045","article-title":"Mechanistic insight of weak magnetic field trigger transformation of amorphous Fe(III)-(oxy)hydroxide for enhanced ferrate (VI) towards selective removal of natural organic matter","volume":"303","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2021.119532","article-title":"Thermodynamic mechanisms of membrane fouling during filtration of alginate solution in coagulation-ultrafiltration (UF) process in presence of different ionic strength and iron(III) ion concentration","volume":"635","author":"You","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Memb. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2023.121417","article-title":"Low-maintenance anti-fouling and phosphorus removal of an electro-MBR with Fe anode-cathodic membrane","volume":"672","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Memb. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.138095","article-title":"A comprehensive review on contaminants removal from pharmaceutical wastewater by electrocoagulation process","volume":"726","author":"Zaied","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.134056","article-title":"Impact of polysaccharide and protein interactions on membrane fouling: particle deposition and layer formation","volume":"296","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7456","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c00869","article-title":"The influence of small organic molecules on coagulation from the perspective of hydrolysis competition and crystallization","volume":"55","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2013.10.096","article-title":"Membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor: effect of pH and its implications","volume":"152","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2022.121587","article-title":"Ferrate-enhanced electrocoagulation\/ultrafiltration system on municipal secondary effluent treatment: identify synergistic contribution of coagulant and oxidation","volume":"298","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.02.015","article-title":"Settleability and characteristics of ferrate(VI)-induced particles in advanced wastewater treatment","volume":"93","author":"Zheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7205","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c00068","article-title":"Thallium(I) oxidation by permanganate and chlorine: kinetics and manganese dioxide catalysis","volume":"54","author":"Zou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."}],"container-title":["Water Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0043135423011156?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0043135423011156?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T04:41:19Z","timestamp":1758602479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0043135423011156"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["S0043135423011156"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-1354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-1354","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Overlooked flocs in electrocoagulation-based ultrafiltration systems: A new understanding of the structural interfacial properties","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Water Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120675","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"120675"}}