{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T16:02:53Z","timestamp":1793980973453,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013290","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013290","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,2]],"date-time":"2025-02-02T10:01:16Z","timestamp":1738490476000},"page":"123241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Deciphering key traits and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes and degradation genes in pharmaceutical wastewater receiving environments"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"275","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5448-201X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu-Kai","family":"Qiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang-Ying","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang-Zhou","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4952-7535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Jing","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You-Sheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1380-0264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian-Liang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang-Guo","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108639","article-title":"Airborne antibiotic resistome and microbiome in pharmaceutical factories","volume":"186","author":"Bai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2017.08.010","article-title":"Potential for natural and enhanced attenuation of sulphanilamide in a contaminated chalk aquifer","volume":"62","author":"Bennett","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2012.04.044","article-title":"Hydrolysis of sulphonamides in aqueous solutions","volume":"221\u2013222","author":"Bia\u0142k-Bieli\u0144ska","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-021-01101-x","article-title":"Sensitive protein alignments at tree-of-life scale using DIAMOND","volume":"18","author":"Buchfink","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120132","article-title":"Deciphering of sulfonamide biodegradation mechanism in wetland sediments: from microbial community and individual populations to pathway and functional genes","volume":"240","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-023-01397-x","article-title":"Replicated life-history patterns and subsurface origins of the bacterial sister phyla Nitrospirota and Nitrospinota","volume":"17","author":"D'Angelo","year":"2023","journal-title":"ISME J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3854","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b06026","article-title":"Bacteria that make a meal of sulfonamide antibiotics: blind spots and emerging opportunities","volume":"52","author":"Deng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6968","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-34630-w","article-title":"Muscle5: high-accuracy alignment ensembles enable unbiased assessments of sequence homology and phylogeny","volume":"13","author":"Edgar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3150","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts565","article-title":"CD-HIT: accelerated for clustering the next-generation sequencing data","volume":"28","author":"Fu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.121030","article-title":"Integrating global microbiome data into antibiotic resistance assessment in large rivers","volume":"250","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2022.106221","article-title":"Anthropogenic impacts on antibiotic resistance genes and their hosts from pristine to urban river using metagenomic and binning approaches","volume":"249","author":"Guan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.01407","article-title":"Predominance of Cand. Patescibacteria in groundwater is caused by their preferential mobilization from soils and flourishing under oligotrophic conditions","volume":"10","author":"Herrmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"wrad040","DOI":"10.1093\/ismejo\/wrad040","article-title":"Strain-level diversity in sulfonamide biodegradation: adaptation of Paenarthrobacter to sulfonamides","volume":"18","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ISME J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-11-119","article-title":"Prodigal: prokaryotic gene recognition and translation initiation site identification","volume":"11","author":"Hyatt","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Bioinform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"nwae168","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwae168","article-title":"Advancements in prokaryotic systematics and the role of Bergey's International Society for Microbial Systematicsin addressing challenges in the meta-data era","volume":"11","author":"Jiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Natl. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.03.046","article-title":"A novel sulfonamide resistance mechanism by two-component flavin-dependent monooxygenase system in sulfonamide-degrading actinobacteria","volume":"127","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.131761","article-title":"Persistence of antibiotic resistance from animal agricultural effluents to surface water revealed by genome-centric metagenomics","volume":"457","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32111","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-14178-w","article-title":"Pharmaceutical effluent: a critical link in the interconnected ecosystem promoting antimicrobial resistance","volume":"28","author":"Kotwani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv033","article-title":"MEGAHIT: an ultra-fast single-node solution for large and complex metagenomics assembly via succinct de Bruijn graph","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5939","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c08548","article-title":"Extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase and carbapenemase genes are substantially and sequentially reduced during conveyance and treatment of urban sewage","volume":"55","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2016.08.088","article-title":"Improving the bioremoval of sulfamethoxazole and alleviating cytotoxicity of its biotransformation by laccase producing system under coculture of Pycnoporus sanguineus and Alcaligenes faecalis","volume":"220","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.131706","article-title":"Insights into the driving factors of vertical distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in long-term fertilized soils","volume":"456","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D912","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab1107","article-title":"VFDB 2022: a general classification scheme for bacterial virulence factors","volume":"50","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0027","article-title":"Occurrence, fate, and risk assessment of antibiotics in typical pharmaceutical manufactories and receiving water bodies from different regions","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.05.036","article-title":"Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses reveal activity and hosts of antibiotic resistance genes in activated sludge","volume":"129","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.167162","article-title":"Vertical migration and dissipation of oxytetracycline induces the recoverable shift in microbial community and antibiotic resistance","volume":"905","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00018","article-title":"Origin and evolution of antibiotic resistance: the common mechanisms of emergence and spread in water bodies","volume":"3","author":"Lupo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.12.069","article-title":"New insights into antibiotic resistome in drinking water and management perspectives: a metagenomic based study of small-sized microbes","volume":"152","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6814","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c00612","article-title":"Hidden resistome: enrichment reveals the presence of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance determinants in treated wastewater-irrigated soils","volume":"55","author":"Marano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3399","article-title":"What is a resistance gene? Ranking risk in resistomes","volume":"13","author":"Mart\u00ednez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0034","first-page":"13402","article-title":"One health threat of treated wastewater discharge in urban Ohio rivers: implications for surface water and fish gut microbiome and resistome","volume":"58","author":"Mills","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2864","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2017.126","article-title":"dRep: a tool for fast and accurate genomic comparisons that enables improved genome recovery from metagenomes through de-replication","volume":"11","author":"Olm","year":"2017","journal-title":"ISME J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D785","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab776","article-title":"GTDB: an ongoing census of bacterial and archaeal diversity through a phylogenetically consistent, rank normalized and complete genome-based taxonomy","volume":"50","author":"Parks","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.186072.114","article-title":"CheckM: assessing the quality of microbial genomes recovered from isolates, single cells, and metagenomes","volume":"25","author":"Parks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9490","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009490","article-title":"FastTree 2 \u2013 Approximately maximum-likelihood trees for large alignments","volume":"5","author":"Price","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bsheal.2023.10.005","article-title":"Pharmaceutical effluent evokes superbugs in the environment: a call to action","volume":"05","author":"Rayan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biosaf. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.142755","article-title":"Metagenomic exploration of antibiotic resistome in treated wastewater effluents and their receiving water","volume":"765","author":"Raza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15783","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16132-8","article-title":"FMNH2-dependent monooxygenases initiate catabolism of sulfonamides in microbacterium sp. strain BR1 subsisting on sulfonamide antibiotics","volume":"7","author":"Ricken","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-020-00825-w","article-title":"Small and mighty: adaptation of superphylum Patescibacteria to groundwater environment drives their genome simplicity","volume":"8","author":"Tian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0541-1","article-title":"MetaWRAP\u2014A flexible pipeline for genome-resolved metagenomic data analysis","volume":"6","author":"Uritskiy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4031","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39778-7","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of plasmid-borne resistance to sulfonamide antibiotics","volume":"14","author":"Venkatesan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2017.03.007","article-title":"Degradation of sulfonamides as a microbial resistance mechanism","volume":"115","author":"Vila-Costa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-019-1891-0","article-title":"Improved metagenomic analysis with Kraken 2","volume":"20","author":"Wood","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-022-01258-z","article-title":"Globally distributed mining-impacted environments are underexplored hotspots of multidrug resistance genes","volume":"16","author":"Yi","year":"2022","journal-title":"ISME J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.119875","article-title":"Global environmental resistome: distinction and connectivity across diverse habitats benchmarked by metagenomic analyses","volume":"235","author":"Yin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2021.117885","article-title":"An assessment of resistome and mobilome in wastewater treatment plants through temporal and spatial metagenomic analysis","volume":"209","author":"Yin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eng.2022.10.011","article-title":"ARGs-OAP v3.0: antibiotic-resistance gene database curation and analysis pipeline optimization","volume":"27","author":"Yin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.116455","article-title":"Antibiotics and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in groundwater: a global review on dissemination, sources, interactions, environmental and human health risks","volume":"187","author":"Zainab","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4765","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25096-3","article-title":"An omics-based framework for assessing the health risk of antimicrobial resistance genes","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.124482","article-title":"Metagenomic investigation of antibiotic resistance genes and resistant bacteria contamination in pharmaceutical plant sites in China","volume":"357","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.05.063","article-title":"Exogenous cofactors for the improvement of bioremoval and biotransformation of sulfamethoxazole by Alcaligenes faecalis","volume":"565","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.119614","article-title":"Deciphering basic and key traits of antibiotic resistome in influent and effluent of hospital wastewater treatment systems","volume":"231","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Res."}],"container-title":["Water Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0043135425001551?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0043135425001551?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T06:54:17Z","timestamp":1740639257000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0043135425001551"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S0043135425001551"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-1354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-1354","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Deciphering key traits and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes and degradation genes in pharmaceutical wastewater receiving environments","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Water Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123241","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"123241"}}