{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T22:21:56Z","timestamp":1791584516064,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024A1515010085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A1515010085"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017610","name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GXWD20231127195344001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GXWD20231127195344001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017610","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017610","name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JCYJ20241202123735045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20241202123735045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017610","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52293443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52293443"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52230004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52230004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52321005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52321005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:03:35Z","timestamp":1771891415000},"page":"125616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Multidrug-resistant and various high-risk ARGs in wastewater effluent exhibit nonnegligible AMR risks"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"296","author":[{"given":"Yusheng","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3193-5357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu-Hong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zihan","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingni","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aijie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0401-z","article-title":"DeepARG: a deep learning approach for predicting antibiotic resistance genes from metagenomic data","volume":"6","author":"Arango-Argoty","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0002","first-page":"175","article-title":"Efficient detection and assessment of human exposure to trace antibiotic residues in drinking water","author":"Ben","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15081-7","article-title":"A megaplasmid family driving dissemination of multidrug resistance in Pseudomonas","volume":"11","author":"Cazares","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0025","first-page":"218","article-title":"The fate of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) from livestock wastewater (dominated by quinolone antibiotics) treated by microbial fuel cell (MFC)","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotox. Environ. Safe"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-021-01216-5","article-title":"Long-read metagenomic sequencing reveals shifts in associations of antibiotic resistance genes with mobile genetic elements from sewage to activated sludge","volume":"10","author":"Dai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0005","first-page":"203","article-title":"Spatiotemporal profiling of antibiotics and resistance genes in a river catchment: human population as the main driver of antibiotic and antibiotic resistance gene presence in the environment","author":"Elder","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s43705-023-00262-4","article-title":"Reduced selection for antibiotic resistance in community context is maintained despite pressure by additional antibiotics","volume":"3","author":"Fang","year":"2023","journal-title":"ISMe Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0053","first-page":"282","article-title":"Removal of disinfection residual bacteria in UV222, UV222\/H2O2 and UV222\/peroxymonosulfate systems: what is the safe usage for wastewater reclamation","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2017.07.002","article-title":"Metagenomic analysis reveals wastewater treatment plants as hotspots of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements","volume":"123","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0046","first-page":"159","article-title":"Environmental contamination in a high-income country (France) by antibiotics, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and antibiotic resistance genes: status and possible causes","author":"Haenni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0047","first-page":"27","article-title":"UV-based advanced oxidation processes for antibiotic resistance control: efficiency, influencing factors, and energy consumption","volume":"37","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eng. Prc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0045","first-page":"169","article-title":"Predicting selection for antimicrobial resistance in UK wastewater and aquatic environments: ciprofloxacin poses a significant risk","author":"Hayes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3444","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02964-09","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance characteristics of environmental bacteria from an oxytetracycline production wastewater treatment plant and the receiving river","volume":"76","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microb."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv033","article-title":"MEGAHIT: an ultra-fast single-node solution for large and complex metagenomics assembly via succinct de Bruijn graph","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2490","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2015.59","article-title":"Metagenomic and network analysis reveal wide distribution and co-occurrence of environmental antibiotic resistance genes","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"ISME J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2017.09.030","article-title":"Comparison of UV-LED and low pressure UV for water disinfection: photoreactivation and dark repair of Escherichia coli","volume":"126","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0003","first-page":"151","article-title":"Antibiotics in coastal water and sediments of the East China Sea: distribution, ecological risk assessment and indicators screening","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0006","first-page":"202","article-title":"Abiotic transformation and ecotoxicity change of sulfonamide antibiotics in environmental and water treatment processes: a critical review","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.118618","article-title":"Fate of household and personal care chemicals in typical urban wastewater treatment plants indicate different seasonal patterns and removal mechanisms","volume":"294","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0051","first-page":"254","article-title":"Molecular level removal of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes: a review of interfacial chemical in advanced oxidation processes","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.05.036","article-title":"Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses reveal activity and hosts of antibiotic resistance genes in activated sludge","volume":"129","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1038\/s44221-025-00464-1","article-title":"The threats of micro- and nanoplastics to aquatic ecosystems and water health","volume":"3","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Water."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7722","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c00246","article-title":"Determining antimicrobial resistance in the plastisphere: lower risks of nonbiodegradable vs higher risks of biodegradable microplastics","volume":"59","author":"Luo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2015.09.010","article-title":"Prevalence and proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes in two municipal wastewater treatment plants","volume":"85","author":"Mao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5636","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c10879","article-title":"Metagenomic insights in antimicrobial resistance threats in sludge from aerobic and Anaerobic membrane bioreactors","volume":"59","author":"Medina","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.07.077","article-title":"Biological removal of pharmaceuticals from hospital wastewater in a pilot-scale staged moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) utilising nitrifying and denitrifying processes","volume":"267","author":"Ooi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0038","first-page":"190","article-title":"Annual dynamics of antimicrobials and resistance determinants in flocculent and aerobic granular sludge treatment systems","author":"Pallares-Vega","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0014","first-page":"210","article-title":"Insight into using a novel ultraviolet\/peracetic acid combination disinfection process to simultaneously remove antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater: mechanism and comparison with conventional processes","author":"Ping","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0050","first-page":"237","article-title":"Advanced oxidation process (AOP) combined biological process for wastewater treatment: a review on advancements, feasibility and practicability of combined techniques","author":"Ponnusami","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0007","first-page":"458","article-title":"A mega study of antibiotics contamination in Eastern aquatic ecosystems of China: occurrence, interphase transfer processes, ecotoxicological risks, and source modeling","author":"Qadeer","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3270","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c06687","article-title":"Microbial interactions drive the complete catabolism of the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole in activated sludge microbiomes","volume":"55","author":"Qi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.04.106","article-title":"Treatment technologies for emerging contaminants in water: a review","volume":"323","author":"Rodriguez-Narvaez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0044","first-page":"345","article-title":"Performance evaluation for the inactivation of multidrug-resistant bacteria in wastewater effluent by different disinfection technologies","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6781","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c01272","article-title":"Novel transposon Tn6433 variants accelerate the dissemination of tet(E) in Aeromonas in an aerobic biofilm reactor under oxytetracycline stresses","volume":"54","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0048","first-page":"495","article-title":"ARB inactivation, ARGs and antibiotics degradation in hospital wastewater","author":"Stefaniak","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c06466","article-title":"Role of ammonia oxidation in organic micropollutant transformation during wastewater treatment: insights from molecular, cellular, and community level observations","volume":"55","author":"Su","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0541-1","article-title":"MetaWRAP-a flexible pipeline for genome-resolved metagenomic data analysis","volume":"6","author":"Uritskiy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0049","first-page":"185","article-title":"Synergistic effect of UV\/chlorine in bacterial inactivation, resistance gene removal, and gene conjugative transfer blocking","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ismejo\/wraf077","article-title":"Treatment of antibiotic-manufacturing wastewater enriches for Aeromonas veronii, a zoonotic antibiotic-resistant emerging pathogen","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"ISME J."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.06.009","article-title":"Roles of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in the migration and removal of sulfamethazine in activated sludge system","volume":"47","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0024","first-page":"344","article-title":"Metagenomic insight into the prevalence and driving forces of antibiotic resistance genes in the whole process of three full-scale wastewater treatment plants","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1080\/10643389.2019.1579629","article-title":"Critical review of ARGs reduction behavior in various sludge and sewage treatment processes in wastewater treatment plants","volume":"49","author":"Xue","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0017","first-page":"274","article-title":"Why the disinfection efficiency of ultraviolet radiation may become unsatisfactory at low suspended solid concentrations: the mechanism of extracellular polymeric substances secretion induced by different particles","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0004","first-page":"187","article-title":"Antibiotics and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in groundwater: a global review on dissemination, sources, interactions, environmental and human health risks","author":"Zainab","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6772","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b00729","article-title":"Comprehensive evaluation of antibiotics emission and fate in the river basins of China: source analysis, multimedia modeling, and linkage to bacterial resistance","volume":"49","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0009","article-title":"Assessment of global health risk of antibiotic resistance genes","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0042","first-page":"453","article-title":"Ultraviolet-based synergistic processes for wastewater disinfection: a review","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.12.034","article-title":"Deciphering of microbial community and antibiotic resistance genes in activated sludge reactors under high selective pressure of different antibiotics","volume":"151","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0019","first-page":"267","article-title":"Strain-level multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria in urban wastewater treatment plants: transmission, source tracking and evolution","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ismeco\/ycaf057","article-title":"Potential pathogens drive ARGs enrichment during biofilms formation on environmental surfaces","volume":"5","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"ISMe Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0027","first-page":"347","article-title":"Comprehensive profiling and risk assessment of antibiotic resistance genes in a drinking water watershed by integrated analysis of air-water-soil","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0043","first-page":"423","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying the effect of chlorination and UV disinfection on VBNC state Escherichia coli isolated from hospital wastewater","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7037","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-014-3919-z","article-title":"Inactivation of antibiotic resistance genes in municipal wastewater by chlorination, ultraviolet, and ozonation disinfection","volume":"22","author":"Zhuang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. R."}],"container-title":["Water Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S004313542600299X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S004313542600299X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T11:26:57Z","timestamp":1777462017000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S004313542600299X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["S004313542600299X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-1354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-1354","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Multidrug-resistant and various high-risk ARGs in wastewater effluent exhibit nonnegligible AMR risks","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Water Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125616","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"125616"}}