{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T13:04:29Z","timestamp":1789304669057,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFF0802900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFF0802900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42572400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42572400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42273031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42273031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:09:43Z","timestamp":1788221383000},"page":"126841","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"PB","title":["The divergence between chronic offshore acidification and volatile estuarine pH dynamics: A 60-Year East China sea record"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"308","author":[{"given":"Yushan","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4608-0264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honghai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengkun","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxia","family":"L\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shucheng","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2004PA001004","article-title":"Temporal changes in North Atlantic circulation constrained by planktonic foraminiferal shell weights","volume":"19","author":"Barker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Paleoceanography"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.5670\/oceanog.2014.16","article-title":"A time-series view of changing surface ocean chemistry due to ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2 and Ocean Acidification","volume":"27","author":"Bates","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oceanography"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1029\/96GB03939","article-title":"Consistent fractionation of C-13 in nature and in the laboratory: growth-rate effects in some haptophyte algae","volume":"11","author":"Bidigare","year":"1997","journal-title":"Glob. Biogeochem. Cycl."},{"issue":"6058","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1038\/320129a0","article-title":"Molecular stratigraphy: a new tool for climatic assessment","volume":"320","author":"Brassell","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6371","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aam7240","article-title":"Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters","volume":"359","author":"Breitburg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1038\/ngeo1297","article-title":"Acidification of subsurface coastal waters enhanced by eutrophication","volume":"4","author":"Cai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Geosci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4020","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b03655","article-title":"Drivers of pH variability in coastal ecosystems","volume":"53","author":"Carstensen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Env. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2007.01.007","article-title":"Hypoxia in the East China Sea: one of the largest coastal low-oxygen areas in the world","volume":"64","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mar. Env. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3889","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-10-3889-2013","article-title":"Seasonality of CO2 in coastal oceans altered by increasing anthropogenic nutrient delivery from large rivers: evidence from the Changjiang\u2013East China Sea system","volume":"10","author":"Chou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6453","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-10-6453-2013","article-title":"Carbonate mineral saturation states in the East China Sea: present conditions and future scenarios","volume":"10","author":"Chou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1977.4309803","article-title":"On the possible orderings in the measurement selection problem","volume":"7","author":"Cover","year":"1977","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2018.2867638","article-title":"Model selection techniques: an overview","volume":"35","author":"Ding","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEe Signal. Process. Mag."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.5670\/oceanog.2014.14","article-title":"Historical and future trends in Ocean climate and biogeochemistry","volume":"27","author":"Doney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oceanography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2022.1050269","article-title":"Development of a novel sea surface temperature proxy based on bacterial 3-hydroxy fatty acids","volume":"9","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"issue":"5882","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1155676","article-title":"Evidence for upwelling of corrosive \"acidified\" water onto the continental shelf","volume":"320","author":"Feely","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2010.04.044","article-title":"Ocean acidification and surface water carbonate production across the paleocene-eocene thermal maximum","volume":"295","author":"Gibbs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Earth. Planet. Sci. Lett."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1969.14.5.0679","article-title":"Effect of temperature on the pH of seawater","volume":"14","author":"Gieskes","year":"1969","journal-title":"Limnol. Ocean."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.124547","article-title":"Anthropogenic forcing drives centennial-scale phytoplankton productivity dynamics in the East China Sea revealed by biomarker records","volume":"288","author":"Guo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1032032","article-title":"Membrane lipid adaptation of soil bacteroidetes isolates to temperature and pH","volume":"14","author":"Hellequin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"6072","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1208277","article-title":"The geological record of ocean acidification","volume":"335","author":"Hoenisch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib21","unstructured":"IPCC, 2023. Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland."},{"issue":"49","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2412551121","article-title":"Continental freshwater discharge influences sea surface salinity variability near world\u2019s megadeltas","volume":"121","author":"Khadim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2024JC022251","article-title":"Drivers and variability of intensified subsurface ocean acidification trends at station ALOHA","volume":"130","author":"Knor","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.13800","article-title":"Generalizing hierarchical and variation partitioning in multiple regression and canonical analyses using the rdacca.Hp R package","volume":"13","author":"Lai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Methods Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib25","article-title":"Trends in globally-averaged CO\u2082 determined from NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory measurements","author":"Lan","year":"2026","journal-title":"NOAA Glob. Monit. Lab."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1007\/s12237-020-00893-z","article-title":"Effects of dual fronts on the spatial pattern of chlorophyll-a concentrations in and off the Changjiang River Estuary","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Estuar. Coast."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2025.117969","article-title":"Riverine freshwater outflow enhanced ocean acidification in an urbanized subtropical estuary","volume":"216","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib28","first-page":"398","article-title":"Acidification and the factors in surface seawater of the East China Sea coast","volume":"48","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oceanol. Limnol. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csr.2015.08.014","article-title":"Acidifying intermediate water accelerates the acidification of seawater on shelves: an example of the East China Sea","volume":"111","author":"Lui","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cont. Shelf. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2023GB007765","article-title":"Four decades of trends and drivers of global surface ocean acidification","volume":"37","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Glob. Biogeochem. Cycl."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib31","first-page":"265","article-title":"The application of alkenone-based pCO_2 reconstructions","volume":"34","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Earth Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1002\/lom3.10191","article-title":"An evaluation of potentiometric pH sensors in coastal monitoring applications","volume":"15","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1986.31.4.0839","article-title":"The pH of estuarine waters","volume":"31","author":"Millero","year":"1986","journal-title":"Limnol. Ocean."},{"issue":"48","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado3103","article-title":"Progression of ocean interior acidification over the industrial era","volume":"10","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"5734","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1110063","article-title":"Marked decline in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations during the Paleogene","volume":"309","author":"Pagani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2022.121258","article-title":"3-Hydroxy fatty acids as proxies for seawater temperature and pH in the eastern China marginal seas","volume":"617","author":"Pan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Geol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2011","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.5993","article-title":"Trend analysis in Turkish precipitation data","volume":"20","author":"Partal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hydrol. Process."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib38","first-page":"126","article-title":"A non-parametric approach to the change-point problem","volume":"28","author":"Pettitt","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. R. Stat. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.margeo.2017.06.004","article-title":"Sediment accumulation and budget in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea","volume":"390","author":"Qiao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mar. Geol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2010.12.024","article-title":"210Pb sediment radiochronology: an integrated formulation and classification of dating models","volume":"82","author":"Sanchez-Cabeza","year":"2012","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9661","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-63207-6","article-title":"A century of change in the California current: upwelling system amplifies acidification","volume":"16","author":"Stoll","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00636-2","article-title":"Lipid biomarkers: molecular tools for illuminating the history of microbial life","volume":"20","author":"Summons","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3937","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-18-3937-2021","article-title":"Development of global temperature and pH calibrations based on bacterial 3-hydroxy fatty acids in soils","volume":"18","author":"Vequaud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orggeochem.2016.01.010","article-title":"Impacts of pH and temperature on soil bacterial 3-hydroxy fatty acids: development of novel terrestrial proxies","volume":"94","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Org. Geochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2021.03.010","article-title":"Global calibration of novel 3-hydroxy fatty acid based temperature and pH proxies","volume":"302","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1038\/s43017-023-00453-6","article-title":"The seas around China in a warming climate","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Earth. Environ."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2255","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b06211","article-title":"Eutrophication-driven hypoxia in the East China Sea off the Changjiang estuary","volume":"50","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Env. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2025JC022329","article-title":"Seasonal variation of air-sea CO2 flux and contribution of biological processes to carbon source\/sink in a large river-dominated shelf Sea","volume":"130","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib49","article-title":"pH rise in intermediate water of the South China Sea during the last deglaciation","volume":"257","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Glob. Planet. Chang."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2020.107566","article-title":"Long-term changes in phytoplankton communities in China's Yangtze Estuary driven by altered riverine fluxes and rising sea surface temperature","volume":"376","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adn9171","article-title":"Pacific Ocean-originated anthropogenic carbon and its long-term variations in the South China Sea","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119536","article-title":"Acidification state and interannual variability in marginal sea: a case study of the Bohai and the Yellow Seas surface waters in April 2023","volume":"259","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Env. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5192","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47676-9","article-title":"Continuous sterane and phytane \u03b413C record reveals a substantial pCO2 decline since the mid-miocene","volume":"15","author":"Witkowski","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wood, S.N. 2017. Generalized Additive Models: An Introduction with R, 2nd ed. Chapman and Hall\/CRC, New York.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315370279"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2543","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04922-1","article-title":"Surface ocean pH variations since 1689 CE and recent ocean acidification in the tropical South Pacific","volume":"9","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.162268","article-title":"Trends in nutrients in the Changjiang River","volume":"872","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.margeo.2019.106044","article-title":"Increasing hypoxia in the Changjiang Estuary during the last three decades deciphered from sedimentary redox-sensitive elements","volume":"419","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mar. Geol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2025.12.004","article-title":"Global distribution of marine bacterial BrGDGTs in sediments: patterns and implications","volume":"413","author":"Xiao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1029\/2019EA000679","article-title":"Export flux, biogeochemical effects, and the fate of a terrestrial carbonate system: from Changjiang (Yangtze river) estuary to the east China sea","volume":"6","author":"Xiong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Earth. Space Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2025JC022423","article-title":"Trend of air-sea CO2 flux in the frontal zone of the East China Sea investigated by a remote-sensing data assimilation model","volume":"130","author":"Xuan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marchem.2023.104298","article-title":"Contributions of the Yangtze River and Yellow River to terrestrial organic carbon deposition in the Yangtze River Estuary during the last 700 years","volume":"255","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mar. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2024.132063","article-title":"ENSO modulates soil organic carbon retention and deposition in the East China Sea","volume":"644","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orggeochem.2021.104277","article-title":"Appraisal of paleoclimate indices based on bacterial 3-hydroxy fatty acids in 20 Chinese alkaline lakes","volume":"160","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Org. Geochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orggeochem.2020.103975","article-title":"A new sea surface temperature proxy based on bacterial 3-hydroxy fatty acids","volume":"141","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Org. Geochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2025.122630","article-title":"Distribution of bacterial 3-OH-FAs in Chinese saline lakes and its implication for paleoclimate reconstruction","volume":"677","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Geol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.2343\/geochemj.2.0422","article-title":"Influence of extraction methods on the distribution pattern and concentration of fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids in soil samples: Acid digestion versus saponification","volume":"50","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Geochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2025.12.045","article-title":"Deciphering the response of 3-hydroxy fatty acids to soil pH variation: influence of microbial community dynamics and membrane lipid remodelling","volume":"417","author":"Zeng","year":"2026","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2024.122309","article-title":"The influence of gram-negative bacterial community on the distribution of 3-OH-FAs in soils","volume":"667","author":"Zeng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Geol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-17-719-2025","article-title":"A global monthly 3D field of seawater pH over 3 decades: a machine learning approach","volume":"17","author":"Zhong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Earth. Syst. Sci. Data"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1007\/s11430-022-1055-5","article-title":"Projection of China's future runoff based on the CMIP6 mid-high warming scenarios","volume":"66","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. China-Earth Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841_bib71","first-page":"85","article-title":"Runoff trend in Yangtze River Basin under future climate change","author":"Zhu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Hydro-Sci. Eng."}],"container-title":["Water Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0043135426015150?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0043135426015150?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T12:44:32Z","timestamp":1789303472000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0043135426015150"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":71,"alternative-id":["S0043135426015150"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-1354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-1354","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The divergence between chronic offshore acidification and volatile estuarine pH dynamics: A 60-Year East China sea record","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Water Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2026.126841","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"126841"}}