{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:50:59Z","timestamp":1791921059945,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42471089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42471089"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42361144719"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42361144719"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017945","name":"Jilin Provincial Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025000154"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025000154"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017945","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003807","name":"Jilin Province People's Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QT202330"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QT202330"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011789","name":"Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20240402026GH"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20240402026GH"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011789","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Water Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T23:41:28Z","timestamp":1790811688000},"page":"127053","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"PA","title":["Winter ice regulates antibiotic resistance dynamics through seasonal genetic reservoirs across lake compartments"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"309","author":[{"given":"Hanyu","family":"Ju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shubin","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1009-1140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard Kipserem","family":"Korir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1266-9276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karina Yew-Hoong","family":"Gin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8040-3608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingjie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2283","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2009.54.6_part_2.2283","article-title":"Lakes as sentinels of climate change","volume":"54","author":"Adrian","year":"2009","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2312","article-title":"Call of the wild: antibiotic resistance genes in natural environments","volume":"8","author":"Allen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-019-0703-9","article-title":"NanoARG: a web service for detecting and contextualizing antimicrobial resistance genes from nanopore-derived metagenomes","volume":"7","author":"Arango-Argoty","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0401-z","article-title":"DeepARG: a deep learning approach for predicting antibiotic resistance genes from metagenomic data","volume":"6","author":"Arango-Argoty","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2015.10.015","article-title":"Concentrations of antibiotics predicted to select for resistant bacteria","volume":"86","author":"Bengtsson-Palme","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3439","article-title":"Tackling antibiotic resistance: the environmental framework","volume":"13","author":"Berendonk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2013.58.6.1998","article-title":"The under-ice microbiome of seasonally frozen lakes","volume":"58","author":"Bertilsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3176","article-title":"Fast and sensitive protein alignment using DIAMOND","volume":"12","author":"Buchfink","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Method."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e127","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)00100-6","article-title":"Aquaculture as yet another environmental gateway to the development and globalisation of antimicrobial resistance","volume":"16","author":"Cabello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12446","article-title":"Diversity and potential sources of microbiota associated with snow on western portions of the Greenland Ice Sheet","volume":"17","author":"Cameron","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0222-5","article-title":"Scientists\u2019 warning to humanity: microorganisms and climate change","volume":"17","author":"Cavicchioli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12753","DOI":"10.1021\/es403818e","article-title":"Metagenomic profiles of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) between human impacted estuary and deep ocean sediments","volume":"47","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.03.048","article-title":"Prevalence, source and risk of antibiotic resistance genes in the sediments of Lake Tai (China) deciphered by metagenomic assembly: a comparison with other global lakes","volume":"127","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i884","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty560","article-title":"Fastp: an ultra-fast all-in-one FASTQ preprocessor","volume":"34","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121072","article-title":"Deposited dead algae influence the microbial communities and functional potentials on the surface sediment in eutrophic shallow lakes","volume":"271","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1007\/s00300-011-1041-y","article-title":"Abundant dissolved genetic material in Arctic sea ice Part I: extracellular DNA","volume":"34","author":"Collins","year":"2011","journal-title":"Polar. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-024-01350-3","article-title":"Machine learning integrative approaches to advance computational immunology","volume":"16","author":"Curion","year":"2024","journal-title":"Genome Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10388","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance is ancient","volume":"477","author":"D\u2019Costa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105554","article-title":"Temporal dynamics of antibiotic resistant genes and their association with the bacterial community in a water-sediment mesocosm under selection by 14 antibiotics","volume":"137","author":"Deng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0587.2012.07348.x","article-title":"Collinearity: a review of methods to deal with it and a simulation study evaluating their performance","volume":"36","author":"Dormann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ecography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.3390\/biology2020603","article-title":"Sea ice microorganisms: environmental constraints and extracellular responses","volume":"2","author":"Ewert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1220761","article-title":"The shared antibiotic resistome of soil bacteria and human pathogens","volume":"337","author":"Forsberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2026.107898","article-title":"Metagenomic insights into the distribution and potential influencing factors of antibiotic resistance genes in historically polluted lake sediments","volume":"298","author":"Fu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3150","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts565","article-title":"CD-HIT: accelerated for clustering the next-generation sequencing data","volume":"28","author":"Fu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2014.226","article-title":"Using the class 1 integron-integrase gene as a proxy for anthropogenic pollution","volume":"9","author":"Gillings","year":"2015","journal-title":"ISMe J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02724-0","article-title":"Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis","volume":"399","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002158","article-title":"Selection of resistant bacteria at very low antibiotic concentrations","volume":"7","author":"Gullberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.12699","article-title":"Ecology under lake ice","volume":"20","author":"Hampton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.116088","article-title":"Antibiotic resistomes in drinking water sources across a large geographical scale: multiple drivers and co-occurrence with opportunistic bacterial pathogens","volume":"183","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2025.118560","article-title":"Linking pathogens and antibiotic resistance in microbial communities: insights from omics and isotopic tracing","volume":"195","author":"Harindintwali","year":"2026","journal-title":"TrAC, Trends Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-08853-3","article-title":"Global monitoring of antimicrobial resistance based on metagenomics of urban sewage","volume":"10","author":"Hendriksen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1038\/s43705-022-00182-9","article-title":"Machine learning and deep learning applications in microbiome research","volume":"2","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez Medina","year":"2022","journal-title":"ISMe Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.125903","article-title":"As a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes and pathogens, the hydrodynamic characteristics drive their distribution patterns in Lake Victoria","volume":"370","author":"Hou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-11-119","article-title":"Prodigal: prokaryotic gene recognition and translation initiation site identification","volume":"11","author":"Hyatt","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC. Bioinform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2022.119433","article-title":"A comprehensive study of the source, occurrence, and spatio-seasonal dynamics of 12 target antibiotics and their potential risks in a cold semi-arid catchment","volume":"229","author":"Ju","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.124888","article-title":"Unraveling key drivers of antibiotic fate and ecological risk in ice-covered lakes through multi-compartment analysis","volume":"289","author":"Ju","year":"2026","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.1.550-557.2004","article-title":"Bacterial activity at \u22122 to \u221220\u00b0C in Arctic wintertime sea ice","volume":"70","author":"Junge","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01885-3","article-title":"Global burden of antimicrobial resistance and forecasts to 2050","volume":"404","author":"Kariuki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2017.09.005","article-title":"Antibiotic-resistance genes in waste water","volume":"26","author":"Karkman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1021\/es901221x","article-title":"Evidence of increasing antibiotic resistance gene abundances in archived soils since 1940","volume":"44","author":"Knapp","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1650","article-title":"Bayesian community-wide culture-independent microbial source tracking","volume":"8","author":"Knights","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2010.148","article-title":"Supervised classification of microbiota mitigates mislabeling errors","volume":"5","author":"Knights","year":"2011","journal-title":"ISMe J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx1321","article-title":"PlasFlow: predicting plasmid sequences in metagenomic data using genome signatures","volume":"46","author":"Krawczyk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic. Acids. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.04.041","article-title":"Critical knowledge gaps and research needs related to the environmental dimensions of antibiotic resistance","volume":"117","author":"Larsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00649-x","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in the environment","volume":"20","author":"Larsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2490","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2015.59","article-title":"Metagenomic and network analysis reveal wide distribution and co-occurrence of environmental antibiotic resistance genes","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"ISMe J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv033","article-title":"MEGAHIT: an ultra-fast single-node solution for large and complex metagenomics assembly via succinct de Bruijn graph","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp324","article-title":"Fast and accurate short read alignment with Burrows-Wheeler transform","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0052","article-title":"The ablation cycle drives glacier microbiome dynamics and downstream dissemination risk of the resistome","volume":"514","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.125477","article-title":"Ice-covered lakes, hidden threats: seasonal fate and risks of antibiotics and PAHs","volume":"294","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9149","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c08918","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance monitoring of water environments: a framework for standardized methods and quality control","volume":"56","author":"Liguori","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2021.116910","article-title":"Spatiotemporal dynamics of succession and growth limitation of phytoplankton for nutrients and light in a large shallow lake","volume":"194","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0046","first-page":"4765","article-title":"A unified approach to interpreting model predictions","volume":"30","author":"Lundberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b03522","article-title":"Metagenomic assembly reveals hosts of antibiotic resistance genes and the shared resistome in pig, chicken, and human feces","volume":"50","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1021\/es404280v","article-title":"Persistence of extracellular DNA in river sediment facilitates antibiotic resistance gene propagation","volume":"48","author":"Mao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8629","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c01672","article-title":"Temperature controls eDNA persistence across physicochemical conditions in seawater","volume":"56","author":"McCartin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aau9124","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in European wastewater treatment plants mirrors the pattern of clinical antibiotic resistance prevalence","volume":"5","author":"P\u00e4rn\u00e4nen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00088-17","article-title":"Mobile genetic elements associated with antimicrobial resistance","volume":"31","author":"Partridge","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108482","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance genes in integrated surface ice, cryoconite, and glacier-fed stream in a mountain glacier in Central Asia","volume":"184","author":"Ren","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.139275","article-title":"Resurrection of inactive microbes and resistome present in the natural frozen world: reality or myth?","volume":"735","author":"Sajjad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1038\/s43705-022-00101-y","article-title":"Gentamicin at sub-inhibitory concentrations selects for antibiotic resistance in the environment","volume":"2","author":"Sanchez-Cid","year":"2022","journal-title":"ISMe Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-018-0393-5","article-title":"Widespread loss of lake ice around the Northern Hemisphere in a warming world","volume":"9","author":"Sharma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Clim. Chang."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1038\/s44221-023-00148-8","article-title":"Global lakes are warming slower than surface air temperature due to accelerated evaporation","volume":"1","author":"Tong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00434-20","article-title":"A framework for effective application of machine learning to microbiome-based classification problems","volume":"11","author":"Top\u00e7uo\u011flu","year":"2020","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.162481","article-title":"Combined impacts of algae-induced variations in water soluble organic matter and heavy metals on bacterial community structure in sediment from Chaohu Lake, a eutrophic shallow lake","volume":"874","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.168310","article-title":"Metagenomic analysis of antibiotic-resistance genes and viruses released from glaciers into downstream habitats","volume":"908","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70317-1","article-title":"The role of the natural environment in the emergence of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria","volume":"13","author":"Wellington","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1038\/s43017-020-0067-5","article-title":"Global lake responses to climate warming","volume":"1","author":"Woolway","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Earth Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0070","series-title":"Health and economic impacts of antimicrobial resistance in the Western Pacific Region, 2020\u20132030","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0071","series-title":"Global antibiotic resistance surveillance report 2025: summary","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1614","article-title":"The antibiotic resistome: the nexus of chemical and genetic diversity","volume":"5","author":"Wright","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22832","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c06023","article-title":"Antarctic environmental resistomes closely associated with human and animal waste releases","volume":"59","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00194","article-title":"Selective pressure of antibiotics on ARGs and bacterial communities in manure-polluted freshwater-sediment microcosms","volume":"6","author":"Xiong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0419-2","article-title":"Antibiotic-mediated changes in the fecal microbiome of broiler chickens define the incidence of antibiotic resistance genes","volume":"6","author":"Xiong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.07.114","article-title":"Distribution, sources and composition of antibiotics in sediment, overlying water and pore water from Taihu Lake, China","volume":"497-498","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108654","article-title":"Historical trajectories of antibiotics resistance genes assessed through sedimentary DNA analysis of a subtropical eutrophic lake","volume":"186","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.03.062","article-title":"Metagenomic insights into the abundance and composition of resistance genes in aquatic environments: influence of stratification and geography","volume":"127","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2025.139748","article-title":"A comprehensive framework of health risk assessment for antibiotic resistance in aquatic environments: status, progress, and perspectives","volume":"497","author":"Yuan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedsph.2023.01.012","article-title":"Heavy metals potentially drive co-selection of antibiotic resistance genes by shifting soil bacterial communities in paddy soils along the middle and lower Yangtze River","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pedosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.116318","article-title":"Deciphering the mobility and bacterial hosts of antibiotic resistance genes under antibiotic selection pressure by metagenomic assembly and binning approaches","volume":"186","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14460","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c02732","article-title":"Penguin-driven dissemination and high enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes in lake sediments across Antarctica","volume":"58","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3435","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1222743110","article-title":"Diverse and abundant antibiotic resistance genes in Chinese swine farms","volume":"110","author":"Zhu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S. A"}],"container-title":["Water Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0043135426017240?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0043135426017240?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:30:21Z","timestamp":1791919821000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0043135426017240"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":82,"alternative-id":["S0043135426017240"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-1354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-1354","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Winter ice regulates antibiotic resistance dynamics through seasonal genetic reservoirs across lake compartments","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Water Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2026.127053","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"127053"}}