{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T03:13:23Z","timestamp":1790738003280,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Wilderness &amp; Environmental Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Northern Territory is sparsely populated with a distinctive climate, geography, and wildlife compared with other states and territories in Australia. Environmental deaths (including drowning, heat-related deaths or environmental exposure, fatal animal attacks or envenomation, and lightning deaths) are reportable to the Northern Territory coroner for further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Databases of the Northern Territory coroner's office and the Royal Darwin Hospital Forensic Pathology Unit were searched to identify all environmental deaths over a 15-y period (July 1, 2003\u2013June 30, 2018).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 4535 cases were reported to the Northern Territory coroner's office during the studied period, of which 167 (4%) were environmental deaths. Drowning was the most common type of environmental death, followed by heat-related deaths and fatal crocodile attacks. Deaths resulting from lightning and animals other than crocodiles are rare. Local resident, male victims in rural locations were the most commonly affected. Alcohol intoxication played a role in about one-third of cases, and in approximately one-third of cases a known underlying medical condition was identified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Northern Territory has a challenging environment that is hot, humid, remote, and isolated. Circumstantial information and thorough police investigations are essential in the medicolegal investigation of environmental deaths.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2019.03.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]],"date-time":"2019-04-26T16:57:14Z","timestamp":1556297834000},"page":"177-185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Environmental Deaths in the Northern Territory of Australia, 2003\u20132018"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Marianne","family":"Tiemensma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Pathology Unit, Royal Darwin Hospital, Tiwi, Australia"},{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-jwem201903002","unstructured":"Taylor J, Powell AW. Northern Territory, Australia.\n                      Encyclopaedia Britannica\n                      . Available at: https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Northern-Territory. Accessed 24 September 2018."},{"key":"bibr2-jwem201903002","unstructured":"Australian Government Bureau of Meteorology website. Northern Territory in 2018: Another very warm year, rainfall near average. 2018. Available at: http:\/\/www.bom.gov.au\/climate\/current\/annual\/nt\/summary.shtml. Accessed 24 September 2018."},{"key":"bibr3-jwem201903002","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics website. 2016 Census reveals the changing face of the Northern Territory. June 27, 2017. Available at: http:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/ausstats\/abs@.nsf\/mediareleasesbyCatalogue\/C73D7CC81CA1FD2FCA258148000A4067?OpenDocument. Accessed 24 September 2018."},{"key":"bibr4-jwem201903002","unstructured":"Tourism NT website. Latest facts and figures. 2018. Available at: http:\/\/www.tourismnt.com.au\/en\/research\/latest-visitor-data. Accessed 24 September 2018."},{"key":"bibr5-jwem201903002","unstructured":"Northern Territory Government of Australia website. Crocodiles. October 10, 2017. Available at: https:\/\/nt.gov.au\/environment\/animals\/wildlife-in-nt\/crocodiles. Accessed 24 September 2018."},{"key":"bibr6-jwem201903002","unstructured":"Northern Territory Government of Australia website. Jellyfish. May 12, 2016. Available at: https:\/\/nt.gov.au\/wellbeing\/emergencies-injuries-and-accidents\/bites-and-stings\/jellyfish. Accessed 1 February 2019."},{"key":"bibr7-jwem201903002","unstructured":"Oxford Dictionary website. Billabong definition. Available at: https:\/\/en.oxforddictionaries.com\/definition\/billabong. Accessed 1 February 2019."},{"key":"bibr8-jwem201903002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-024868"},{"key":"bibr9-jwem201903002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2013.12.018"},{"key":"bibr10-jwem201903002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-003579"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr11-jwem201903002","first-page":"27S","volume":"23","author":"Bi P.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Public Health"},{"key":"bibr12-jwem201903002","unstructured":"Steffen W., Hughes L., Perkins S.\n                      Heatwaves: Hotter, Longer, More Often\n                      . 1st ed. Potts Point, Australia: Climate Council of Australia Ltd, 2014 2\u201313."},{"key":"bibr13-jwem201903002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-006-0089-4"},{"key":"bibr14-jwem201903002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23907\/2018.004"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr15-jwem201903002","first-page":"167","volume":"144","author":"Henssge C.","year":"2004","journal-title":"For Sci Int"},{"key":"bibr16-jwem201903002","volume-title":"The Silent Killer: Climate Change and the Health Impacts of Extreme Heat","author":"Hughes L","year":"2016","edition":"1"},{"key":"bibr17-jwem201903002","unstructured":"City of Darwin website. Climate Change Action Plan, 2011\u20132020. Available at: https:\/\/www.darwin.nt.gov.au\/sites\/default\/files\/DCC_ClimateChangeActionPlan_web.pdf. Accessed 5 February 2019."},{"key":"bibr18-jwem201903002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jwmg.767"},{"key":"bibr19-jwem201903002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.13171"},{"key":"bibr20-jwem201903002","unstructured":"National Archives of Australia website. Cyclones and the Northern Territory. Fact sheet 90. Available at: http:\/\/www.naa.gov.au\/collection\/fact-sheets\/fs90.aspx. 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