{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:02:56Z","timestamp":1787500976386,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Wilderness &amp; Environmental Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical and bacteriological features of cobra ( Naja) bites are still relatively unknown in Vietnam. This study aimed to characterize the clinical and bacteriological characteristics of local wounds in patients with presumed Naja spp bite, as well as their antibiotic treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was performed on presumed Naja bite patients who were admitted to Bach Mai Hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam. In vitro bacterial isolation, blood tests, and lesion measure were conducted, and antibiotic susceptibilities of localized bite wounds were assessed. The Mann-Whitney test was used to examine the difference in clinical characteristics between patients experiencing presumed Naja atra bites and Naja kaouthia bites. Data are presented as percentages or median with interquartile range, as appropriate. Statistical significance was accepted at P&lt;0.05.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 46 patients, all had typical clinical features of Naja bite. The median bite-to-hospital time was 6 h (interquartile range 4.0\u201311.3). The dominant organisms isolated from local wounds were Morganella morganii (11\/36) and Enterococcus faecalis (25\/36). All cultures were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. No difference was found with regard to pain, swelling circumference, swelling spread, or necrotic area between patients bitten by presumed Naja atra and Naja kaouthia ( P&gt;0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Wound necrosis and infection were important clinical issues in presumed Naja spp snake bites. Morganella morganii and Enterococcus faecalis were dominant in local wound swabs of such cases. Ciprofloxacin should be an effective first-line antibiotic for patients with presumed Naja bite.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2020.01.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,22]],"date-time":"2020-04-22T17:37:29Z","timestamp":1587577049000},"page":"151-156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Clinical Features, Bacteriology, and Antibiotic Treatment Among Patients with Presumed\n                    <i>Naja<\/i>\n                    Bites in Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Ngoc Duc","family":"Ngo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Poison Control, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam"},{"name":"Emergency Department, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quy Xuan","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Poison Control, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anh Quang","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Poison Control, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Trung","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung Tran","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Poison Control, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam"},{"name":"Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael Minh Quoc","family":"Dinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Hoc Mai Foundation, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thuan Quang","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-j.wem.2020.01.002","volume-title":"Snakebite envenoming","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr2-j.wem.2020.01.002","first-page":"183","volume":"15","author":"Shek K.C.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J"},{"key":"bibr3-j.wem.2020.01.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(95)00139-5"},{"key":"bibr4-j.wem.2020.01.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2018.11.009"},{"key":"bibr5-j.wem.2020.01.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-4679(93)90313-V"},{"key":"bibr6-j.wem.2020.01.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-475x.2001.00178.x"},{"key":"bibr7-j.wem.2020.01.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15563659809028940"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr8-j.wem.2020.01.002","first-page":"36","volume":"16","author":"Wong O.F.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr9-j.wem.2020.01.002","first-page":"544","volume":"13","author":"Guo M.P.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao"},{"key":"bibr10-j.wem.2020.01.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-201012000-00005"},{"key":"bibr11-j.wem.2020.01.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2013.12.018"},{"key":"bibr12-j.wem.2020.01.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED.170.4.336"},{"key":"bibr13-j.wem.2020.01.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200342080-00002"},{"key":"bibr14-j.wem.2020.01.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/140.5.818"},{"key":"bibr15-j.wem.2020.01.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0667"},{"key":"bibr16-j.wem.2020.01.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.39"},{"key":"bibr17-j.wem.2020.01.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(94)90343-3"},{"key":"bibr18-j.wem.2020.01.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(90)90112-R"}],"container-title":["Wilderness &amp; 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