{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T22:29:23Z","timestamp":1776205763278,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007747","name":"University of Utah","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007747","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Wilderness &amp; Environmental Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p> Cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) is seen in the extremities during exposure to cold. A strong vasodilation response has been associated with a decreased risk of cold injury. Increasing CIVD might further decrease this risk. The calcium-channel blocker nifedipine causes vasodilation and is used to treat Raynaud\u2019s syndrome and chilblains. Nifedipine is also used for high altitude pulmonary edema and could potentially serve a dual purpose in preventing frostbite. The effects of nifedipine on CIVD have not been studied. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> A double-blind crossover study comparing nifedipine (30 mg SR (sustained release) orally\u00a0twice daily) to placebo was designed using 2 sessions of 4 finger immersion in 5\u00b0C water, with 24\u00a0h of medication pretreatment before each session. Finger temperatures were measured via nailbed thermocouples. The primary outcome was mean finger temperature; secondary outcomes were mean apex and nadir temperatures, first apex and nadir temperatures, subjective pain ranking, and time of vasodilation onset (all presented as mean\u00b1SD). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> Twelve volunteers (age 29\u00b13 [24\u201334] y) completed the study. No significant difference in finger temperature (9.2\u00b11.1\u00b0C nifedipine vs 9.0\u00b10.7\u00b0C placebo, P=0.38) or any secondary outcome was found. Pain levels were similar (2.8\u00b11.6 nifedipine vs 3.0\u00b11.5 placebo, P=0.32). The most common adverse event was headache (32% of nifedipine trials vs 8% placebo). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p> Pretreatment with 30 mg of oral nifedipine twice daily does not affect the CIVD response in healthy individuals under cold stress. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2020.03.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]],"date-time":"2020-05-29T11:52:43Z","timestamp":1590753163000},"page":"312-316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effect of Calcium-Channel Blockade on the Cold-Induced Vasodilation Response"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Brendan H.A.","family":"Milliner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Emergency Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT"},{"name":"University of Utah, Division of Emergency Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Brant-Zawadzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah, Division of Emergency Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott E.","family":"McIntosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah, Division of Emergency Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"bibr1-j.wem.2020.03.002","first-page":"1119","volume":"76","author":"Daanen H.A.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"bibr2-j.wem.2020.03.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-006-0383-6"},{"key":"bibr3-j.wem.2020.03.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1549-8719.2011.00126.x"},{"key":"bibr4-j.wem.2020.03.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-008-0798-3"},{"key":"bibr5-j.wem.2020.03.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.91426.2008"},{"key":"bibr6-j.wem.2020.03.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-003-0818-2"},{"key":"bibr7-j.wem.2020.03.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/15270290050502390"},{"key":"bibr8-j.wem.2020.03.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-010-1374-1"},{"key":"bibr9-j.wem.2020.03.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-011-2233-4"},{"key":"bibr10-j.wem.2020.03.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00859.2004"},{"key":"bibr11-j.wem.2020.03.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/4.suppl_C.123"},{"key":"bibr12-j.wem.2020.03.002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1987.tb01245.x"},{"key":"bibr13-j.wem.2020.03.002","first-page":"1119","volume":"2013","author":"Pope J.","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Clin Evid"}],"container-title":["Wilderness &amp; Environmental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1080603220300594?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1080603220300594?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.wem.2020.03.002","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.wem.2020.03.002","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.wem.2020.03.002","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T07:05:59Z","timestamp":1741676759000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.wem.2020.03.002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.wem.2020.03.002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wem.2020.03.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-6032","1545-1534"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-6032","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-1534","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}}}