{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T11:53:54Z","timestamp":1791633234374,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015534","name":"Office of Patient Care Services, Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015534","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IIR 14\\u2013099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIR 14\\u2013099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007217","name":"Health Services Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007217","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012462","name":"VA Office of Academic Affiliations","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012462","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","whijournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Women's Health Issues"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,3]],"date-time":"2021-07-03T07:34:42Z","timestamp":1625297682000},"page":"603-609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Postpartum Transition of Care: Racial\/Ethnic Gaps in Veterans\u2019 Re-Engagement in VA Primary Care after Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5230-372X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megha","family":"Shankar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlin S.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan M.","family":"Frayne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle M.","family":"Panelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciaran S.","family":"Phibbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan G.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e140","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002633","article-title":"Optimizing postpartum care","volume":"131","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e320","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003243","article-title":"Pregnancy and heart disease","volume":"133","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-013-2744-2","article-title":"Utilization of primary and obstetric care after medically complicated pregnancies: An analysis of medical claims data","volume":"29","author":"Bennett","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of General Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E145","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd16.190144","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic differences in diabetes screening and hyperglycemia among US women after gestational diabetes","volume":"16","author":"Bower","year":"2019","journal-title":"Preventing Chronic Disease"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-016-2168-9","article-title":"Women\u2019s use of health care in the first 2 years postpartum: Occurrence and correlates","volume":"20","author":"Bryant","year":"2016","journal-title":"Maternal and Child Health Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.10.864","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic disparities in obstetric outcomes and care: Prevalence and determinants","volume":"202","author":"Bryant","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1093\/tbm\/ibx081","article-title":"Care coordination for pregnant veterans: VA\u2019s Maternity Care Coordinator Telephone Care Program","volume":"8","author":"Cordasco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Translational Behavioral Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Patterns of health insurance coverage around the time of pregnancy among women with live-born infants\u2014Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 29 States, 2009","volume":"64","author":"D\u2019Angelo","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Surveillance Summaries"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-012-1172-y","article-title":"Health status and health insurance coverage of women with live-born infants: An opportunity for preventive services after pregnancy","volume":"16","author":"D\u2019Angelo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Maternal and Child Health Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnma.2018.10.016","article-title":"Strengthening the postpartum transition of care to address racial disparities in maternal health","volume":"111","author":"Essien","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the National Medical Association"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.173278","article-title":"Cardiovascular system during the postpartum state in women with a history of preeclampsia","volume":"58","author":"Evans","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-017-0179-8","article-title":"Implicit bias in healthcare professionals: A systematic review","volume":"18","author":"FitzGerald","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Medical Ethics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib13","author":"Frayne"},{"issue":"401","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S15","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000296","article-title":"Travel time and attrition from VHA care among women Veterans: How far is too far?","volume":"53","author":"Friedman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2011.08.003","article-title":"Postpartum screening for diabetes among Medicaid-eligible South Carolina women with gestational diabetes","volume":"22","author":"Hale","year":"2012","journal-title":"Womens Health Issues"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2010.06.003","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic disparities in gestational diabetes mellitus: Findings from a population-based survey","volume":"20","author":"Hunsberger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Women\u2019s Health Issues"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib45","unstructured":"H.R.3230 --Veterans Access, Choice, and Accountability Act of 2014, no. H.R.3230, 113th Congress (2013-2014) (2014). Available at: https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/113th-congress\/house-bill\/3230."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1097\/JPN.0000000000000399","article-title":"Continued disparities in postpartum follow-up and screening among women with gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Jones","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2018.08.006","article-title":"Women veterans\u2019 experiences with Department of Veterans Affairs Maternity Care: Current successes and targets for improvement","volume":"28","author":"Katon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Womens Health Issues"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2013.4681","article-title":"Gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy among women veterans deployed in service of operations in Afghanistan and Iraq","volume":"23","author":"Katon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1678750","article-title":"Reproductive health of women veterans: A systematic review of the literature from 2008 to 2017","volume":"36","author":"Katon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70044-5","article-title":"Identifying post-partum diabetes after gestational diabetes mellitus: The right test","volume":"1","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.10.1862","article-title":"Gestational diabetes and the incidence of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e023014","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-023014","article-title":"Evaluation of guidelines on the screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus: Systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Li-Zhen","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000704","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in maternal morbidity and mortality","volume":"125","author":"Louis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib25","first-page":"460","article-title":"Accuracy of reporting maternal in-hospital diagnoses and intrapartum procedures in Washington State linked birth records","volume":"19","author":"Lydon-Rochelle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Paediatric and Epidemiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2017.08.010","article-title":"Racial and ethnic differences in preterm birth: A complex, multifactorial problem","volume":"41","author":"Manuck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Seminars in Perinatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib27","author":"Matthews"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-019-04974-z","article-title":"Understanding maternity care coordination for women veterans using an integrated care model approach","volume":"34","author":"Mattocks","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Genera; Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2009.1892","article-title":"Pregnancy and mental health among women veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan","volume":"19","author":"Mattocks","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Women\u2019s Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.02.005","article-title":"Effectiveness-based guidelines for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in women--2011 update: A guideline from the American Heart Association","volume":"57","author":"Mosca","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-016-3775-2","article-title":"Comparing VA and Non-VA quality of care: A systematic review","volume":"32","author":"O\u2019Hanlon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of General Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib33","series-title":"Maternity health care and coordination","author":"Petzel","year":"2012"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-016-2043-8","article-title":"Healthcare utilization in the postpartum period among Illinois women with Medicaid paid claims for delivery, 2009-2010","volume":"20","author":"Rankin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Maternal and Child Health Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-008-0521-4","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in the VA Health care system: A systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Saha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of General Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12349","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder and antepartum complications: A novel risk factor for gestational diabetes and preeclampsia","volume":"31","author":"Shaw","year":"2017","journal-title":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000542","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder and risk of spontaneous preterm birth","volume":"124","author":"Shaw","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5260","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.13041","article-title":"Selection of higher risk pregnancies into Veterans Health Administration programs: Discoveries from linked Department of Veterans Affairs and California birth data","volume":"53","author":"Shaw","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Services Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib40","series-title":"Racial\/ethnic, nativity, and sociodemographic disparities in maternal hypertension in the United States, 2014-2015 [Research Article]","author":"Singh","year":"2018"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib41","first-page":"30","article-title":"The fourth trimester of pregnancy: Committing to maternal health and well-being postpartum","volume":"101","author":"Spelke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rhode Island Medical Journal"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-012-1162-0","article-title":"Racial disparities in economic and clinical outcomes of pregnancy among Medicaid recipients","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Maternal and Child Health Journal"}],"container-title":["Women's Health Issues"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S104938672100058X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S104938672100058X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T03:34:01Z","timestamp":1777606441000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S104938672100058X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S104938672100058X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1049-3867"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1049-3867","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Postpartum Transition of Care: Racial\/Ethnic Gaps in Veterans\u2019 Re-Engagement in VA Primary Care after Pregnancy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Women's Health Issues","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.whi.2021.06.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Jacobs Institute of Women's Health.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}