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Patients with AERD are dependent on COX\u20101 activity to maintain production of prostaglandin (PG) species, such as PGE2, which maintain physiologic levels of inflammation and limit the production of pro\u2010inflammatory cysteinyl leukotrienes. The endogenous cannabinoid system is a family of immunomodulatory lipids and their innate g\u2010protein coupled receptors that are closely related to arachidonic acid and may modulate inflammation via several pathways, including the direct production of metabolically active prostaglandin glycerol\u2010esters. A recent pilot study has identified the significant up\u2010regulation of the peripherally expressed, type\u20102 cannabinoid receptor (CB2) in AERD nasal polyps versus control tissues from patients with either allergic fungal rhinosinusitis or no history of chronic sinonasal inflammation. These early findings suggest the involvement of increased endogenous cannabinoid activity in prostaglandin deficient states such as AERD. Future study is needed to explore the significance of these findings, with specific investigation of the impact of CB2 activation on markers of airway inflammation, as well as the potential to measure CB2 expression as a screening biomarker for the evaluation of unrecognized disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wjorl.2020.07.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]],"date-time":"2020-09-08T03:07:52Z","timestamp":1599534472000},"page":"255-257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Endogenous cannabinoids may regulate chronic inflammation in aspirin\u2010exacerbated respiratory disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Joshua M.","family":"Levy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1712125"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.12.979"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013508"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2014-0486OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.3RU0115-021R"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-016-2300-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1462399409000957"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2016.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)60465-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22163"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201809-1755OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr2002799"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2095881120301049?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2095881120301049?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.wjorl.2020.07.004","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.wjorl.2020.07.004","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.wjorl.2020.07.004","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]],"date-time":"2023-08-27T16:52:49Z","timestamp":1693155169000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.wjorl.2020.07.004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.wjorl.2020.07.004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wjorl.2020.07.004","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2095-8811","2589-1081"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2095-8811","type":"print"},{"value":"2589-1081","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Endogenous cannabinoids may regulate chronic inflammation in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wjorl.2020.07.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Chinese Medical Association. 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