{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T22:47:53Z","timestamp":1792277273940,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["World Neurosurgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]],"date-time":"2019-11-27T03:20:34Z","timestamp":1574824834000},"page":"e187-e193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Expression of Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 and Associated Lymphocyte Infiltration in Olfactory Neuroblastoma"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"135","author":[{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Nyall R.","family":"London","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Rooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin A.","family":"Bishop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiying","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia J.","family":"Bernhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaru","family":"Ishii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine L.","family":"Hann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janis M.","family":"Taube","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evgeny","family":"Izumchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daria A.","family":"Gaykalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary L.","family":"Gallia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5023","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S105862","article-title":"PD-L1 expression in human cancers and its association with clinical outcomes","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04444","article-title":"Restoring function in exhausted CD8 T cells during chronic viral infection","volume":"439","author":"Barber","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2013.08.002","article-title":"Targeting the PD1\/PD-L1 axis in melanoma: biological rationale, clinical challenges and opportunities","volume":"89","author":"Merelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.7.1027","article-title":"Engagement of the PD-1 immunoinhibitory receptor by a novel B7 family member leads to negative regulation of lymphocyte activation","volume":"192","author":"Freeman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6429","article-title":"Prognostic impact of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in cancer cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in ovarian high grade serous carcinoma","volume":"7","author":"Darb-Esfahani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.25747","article-title":"Overall survival and PD-L1 expression in metastasized malignant melanoma","volume":"117","author":"Gadiot","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-14-3362","article-title":"Control of PD-L1 expression by oncogenic activation of the AKT-mTOR pathway in non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"76","author":"Lastwika","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-2199","article-title":"PD-L1 on tumor cells is induced in ascites and promotes peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer through CTL dysfunction","volume":"19","author":"Abiko","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-016-0539-x","article-title":"Prognostic impact of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in cancer cells and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in colorectal cancer","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4938","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-16-1821","article-title":"PD-L1 expression in melanomas: a quantitative immunohistochemical antibody comparison","volume":"23","author":"Sunshine","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1504030","article-title":"Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab or monotherapy in untreated melanoma","volume":"373","author":"Larkin","year":"2015","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1504627","article-title":"Nivolumab versus Docetaxel in advanced squamous-cell non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"373","author":"Brahmer","year":"2015","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13954","article-title":"PD-1 blockade induces responses by inhibiting adaptive immune resistance","volume":"515","author":"Tumeh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1215\/15228517-2008-104","article-title":"Regulator T cells and the PD-L1\/PD-1 pathway mediate immune suppression in malignant human brain tumors","volume":"11","author":"Jacobs","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8944","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6884","article-title":"Expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1 and its correlation with clinical outcomes in gliomas","volume":"7","author":"Zeng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49702","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.17922","article-title":"Relationship between expression of PD-L1 and tumor angiogenesis, proliferation, and invasion in glioma","volume":"8","author":"Xue","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-016-2256-0","article-title":"Expression and prognostic impact of immune modulatory molecule PD-L1 in meningioma","volume":"130","author":"Han","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurooncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.12.025","article-title":"Anti-PD-1 blockade and stereotactic radiation produce long-term survival in mice with intracranial gliomas","volume":"86","author":"Zeng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-017-0513-3","article-title":"The role of immune checkpoint inhibition in the treatment of brain tumors","volume":"14","author":"Luksik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00242","article-title":"Immune checkpoint in glioblastoma: promising and challenging","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2015.09.010","article-title":"Endoscopic management of esthesioneuroblastoma","volume":"49","author":"Roxbury","year":"2016","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(01)00558-7","article-title":"Esthesioneuroblastoma: a meta-analysis and review","volume":"2","author":"Dulguerov","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.133.3.276","article-title":"Esthesioneuroblastoma: a population-based analysis of survival and prognostic factors","volume":"133","author":"Jethanamest","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.09.047","article-title":"Integrated multi-omic analysis of esthesioneuroblastoma identifies two subgroups linked to cell ontogeny","volume":"25","author":"Classe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13954","article-title":"Evaluating the prognostic potential of the Ki67 index and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in olfactory neuroblastoma","volume":"75","author":"Classe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14011","article-title":"Predictive correlates of response to the anti-PD-L1 antibody MPDL3280A in cancer patients","volume":"515","author":"Herbst","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib27","first-page":"39","article-title":"Prognostic and predictive markers for the new immunotherapies","volume":"28","author":"Mahoney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5064","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-3271","article-title":"Association of PD-1, PD-1 ligands, and other features of the tumor immune microenvironment with response to anti-PD-1 therapy","volume":"20","author":"Taube","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13904","article-title":"MPDL3280A (anti-PD-L1) treatment leads to clinical activity in metastatic bladder cancer","volume":"515","author":"Powles","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-010-9515-2","article-title":"High expression of PD-L1 in lung cancer may contribute to poor prognosis and tumor cells immune escape through suppressing tumor infiltrating dendritic cells maturation","volume":"28","author":"Mu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2013.130","article-title":"Programmed death ligand-1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"94","author":"Velcheti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6369","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000006369","article-title":"Prognostic significance of PD-L1 in solid tumor: an updated meta-analysis","volume":"96","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.4132\/jptm.2016.08.31","article-title":"PD-L1 expression and combined status of PD-L1\/PD-1-positive tumor infiltrating mononuclear cell density predict prognosis in glioblastoma patients","volume":"51","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pathol Transl Med"}],"container-title":["World Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878875019329523?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878875019329523?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T08:43:01Z","timestamp":1761813781000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1878875019329523"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S1878875019329523"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-8750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1878-8750","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Expression of Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 and Associated Lymphocyte Infiltration in Olfactory Neuroblastoma","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"World Neurosurgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.11.112","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}