{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T10:45:54Z","timestamp":1767091554460,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["World Neurosurgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,27]],"date-time":"2020-06-27T19:26:35Z","timestamp":1593285995000},"page":"e60-e69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Residual and Recurrent Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas: A Contemporary Case Series of GammaKnife and CyberKnife Radiosurgery"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"143","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0859-0522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglass","family":"Tucker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4432-3664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marisa","family":"Penn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Brunswick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vedang","family":"Uttarwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angad","family":"Gogia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Marietta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Carmichael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2708-6724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Zada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02990.x","article-title":"What is the natural history of nonoperated nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas?","volume":"67","author":"Karavitaki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-010-0302-x","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective study of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: presentation, management, and clinical outcome","volume":"102","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurooncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Outcomes following transsphenoidal surgical management of incidental pituitary adenomas: a series of 52 patients over a 17-year period","author":"Seltzer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03350330","article-title":"Effect of surgery and radiotherapy on visual and endocrine function in nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas","volume":"21","author":"Colao","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-2552","article-title":"Observation alone after transsphenoidal surgery for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma","volume":"91","author":"Dekkers","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Readmission after endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery: analysis of 584 consecutive cases","author":"Younus","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-019-00976-6","article-title":"Predicting early post-operative remission in pituitary adenomas: evaluation of the modified knosp classification","volume":"22","author":"Buchy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib8","first-page":"803","article-title":"Invasion of the cavernous sinus space in pituitary adenomas: endoscopic verification and its correlation with an MRI-based classification","volume":"122","author":"Micko","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.08.088","article-title":"Cavernous sinus invasion in pituitary adenomas: systematic review and pooled data meta-analysis of radiologic criteria and comparison of endoscopic and microscopic surgery","volume":"96","author":"Dhandapani","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Challenging Knosp high-grade pituitary adenomas","author":"Micko","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e31821bc44e","article-title":"Long-term outcomes after Gamma Knife radiosurgery for patients with a nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma","volume":"69","author":"Gopalan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000124750.13721.94","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery for benign cavernous sinus tumors: quantitative analysis of treatment outcomes","volume":"54","author":"Kuo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000126880.33125.E6","article-title":"The Leksell gamma knife Model U versus Model C: a quantitative comparison of radiosurgical treatment parameters","volume":"55","author":"Kuo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-007-0072-x","article-title":"Radiotherapy for nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: from conventional to modern stereotactic radiation techniques","volume":"30","author":"Minniti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canrad.2006.05.013","article-title":"Frameless image-guided intracranial and extracranial radiosurgery using the Cyberknife robotic system","volume":"10","author":"Gibbs","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Radiother"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1159\/000099863","article-title":"The Cyberknife: a frameless robotic system for radiosurgery","volume":"69","author":"Adler","year":"1997","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E11","DOI":"10.3171\/FOC-07\/12\/E11","article-title":"Multisession CyberKnife radiosurgery for optic nerve sheath meningiomas","volume":"23","author":"Romanelli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib18","first-page":"733","article-title":"Visual field preservation after multisession cyberknife radiosurgery for perioptic lesions","volume":"62","author":"Adler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(02)04380-8","article-title":"A\u00a0study on the radiation tolerance of the optic nerves and chiasm after stereotactic radiosurgery","volume":"55","author":"Stafford","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1159\/000098784","article-title":"Radiation sensitivity of visual and oculomotor pathways","volume":"64","author":"Leber","year":"1995","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(93)90230-S","article-title":"Tolerance of cranial nerves of the cavernous sinus to radiosurgery","volume":"27","author":"Tishler","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2007.08.018","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery for patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: results from a 15-year experience","volume":"70","author":"Pollock","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"author":"Milano","key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib23"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nor055","article-title":"Hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy with CyberKnife for nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma: high local control with low toxicity","volume":"13","author":"Iwata","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib25","first-page":"438","article-title":"Gamma knife surgery for treatment of residual nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas after surgical debulking","volume":"100","author":"Losa","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-830261","article-title":"Image-guided stereotactic radiosurgery with the CyberKnife for pituitary adenomas","volume":"48","author":"Kajiwara","year":"2005","journal-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib27","first-page":"429","article-title":"Efficacy of gamma knife radiosurgery for nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: a quantitative follow up with magnetic resonance imaging-based volumetric analysis","volume":"97","author":"Wowra","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2009.45.3.157","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgery with the CyberKnife for pituitary adenomas","volume":"45","author":"Cho","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.03.102","article-title":"Fractionated CyberKnife stereotactic radiotherapy for perioptic pituitary adenomas","volume":"126","author":"Plitt","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1159\/000075108","article-title":"Role of pituitary radiosurgery for the management of intractable pain and potential future applications","volume":"81","author":"Hayashi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000156836.42945.28","article-title":"Radiosurgery for nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas","volume":"56","author":"Iwai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib32","first-page":"876","article-title":"Gamma surgery in the treatment of nonsecretory pituitary macroadenoma","volume":"104","author":"Mingione","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1159\/000056414","article-title":"Pituitary adenomas: the effect of gamma knife radiosurgery on tumor growth and endocrinopathies","volume":"70","author":"Pan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000088661.81189.66","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgery as an alternative to fractionated radiotherapy for patients with recurrent or residual nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas","volume":"53","author":"Pollock","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5334","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020356","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgery XVI: a treatment for previously irradiated pituitary adenomas","volume":"88","author":"Swords","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib36","first-page":"4095","article-title":"Comparing gamma knife and cyberknife in patients with brain metastases","volume":"15","author":"Sio","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)\u2014a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomed Inform"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208","article-title":"The REDCap consortium: Building an international community of software platform partners","volume":"95","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomed Inform"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib39","first-page":"219","article-title":"A\u00a0simple scoring ratio to index the conformity of radiosurgical treatment plans. Technical note","volume":"93","author":"Paddick","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpor.2010.05.002","article-title":"Cyberknife: a double edged sword?","volume":"15","author":"Joseph","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rep Pract Oncol Radiother"}],"container-title":["World Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878875020314595?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878875020314595?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T08:52:06Z","timestamp":1761814326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1878875020314595"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S1878875020314595"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-8750"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1878-8750"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Residual and Recurrent Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas: A Contemporary Case Series of GammaKnife and CyberKnife Radiosurgery","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"World Neurosurgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.191","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}