{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T06:18:30Z","timestamp":1792736310128,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["World Neurosurgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T21:25:12Z","timestamp":1648589112000},"page":"e678-e683","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The Influence of Select Medications on Prospective Hemorrhage Risk in Patients with Spinal or Cerebral Cavernous Malformations"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Lauren","family":"Previch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1479-465X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Lanzino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Robert D.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6021-1190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly D.","family":"Flemming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-0640-7_2","article-title":"Incidence, prevalence, and clinical presentation of cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"2152","author":"Flemming","year":"2020","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3196","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.668533","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy and bleeding risk in a prospective cohort study of patients with cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"43","author":"Schneble","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib3","author":"Bervini"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib4","first-page":"43","article-title":"Use of antithrombotic agents in patients with intracerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"118","author":"Flemming","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30231-5","article-title":"Long-term antithrombotic therapy and risk of intracranial haemorrhage from cerebral cavernous malformations: a population-based cohort study, systematic review, and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Zuurbier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cavernous angiomas: deconstructing a neurosurgical disease","volume":"131","author":"Awad","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib7","first-page":"3222","article-title":"Angioma Alliance Scientific Advisory Board. Hemorrhage from cavernous malformations of the brain: definition and reporting standards","volume":"39","author":"Al-Shahi Salman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Angioma Alliance Scientific Advisory Board Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib8","author":"Flemming"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2016.09.011","article-title":"Oxidative stress and inflammation in cerebral cavernous malformation disease pathogenesis: two sides of the same coin","volume":"81","author":"Retta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2010.00959.x","article-title":"Medication history taking in emergency department triage is inaccurate and incomplete","volume":"18","author":"Mazer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1945-1474.2010.00097.x","article-title":"Beliefs of ambulatory care physicians about accuracy of patient medication records and technology-enhanced solutions to improve accuracy","volume":"32","author":"Weeks","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Healthc Qual"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00303-8","article-title":"Clinical course of untreated cerebral cavernous malformations: a meta-analysis of individual patient data","volume":"15","author":"Horne","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318248de9b","article-title":"The prospective hemorrhage risk of intracerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"78","author":"Flemming","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-4202-x","article-title":"Propranolol for familial cerebral cavernous malformation (Treat_CCM): study protocol for a randomized controlled pilot trial","volume":"21","author":"Lanfranconi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyy539","article-title":"Atorvastatin treatment of cavernous angiomas with symptomatic hemorrhage exploratory proof of concept (AT CASH EPOC) trial","volume":"85","author":"Polster","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35C","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2006.11.020","article-title":"Safety considerations with omega-3 fatty acid therapy","volume":"99","author":"Bays","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c5702","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c5702","article-title":"Effects of vitamin E on stroke subtypes: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"341","author":"Schurks","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318271f848","article-title":"Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and brain hemorrhage: a meta-analysis","volume":"79","author":"Hackam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028018794005","article-title":"Clinical management of bleeding risk with antidepressants","volume":"53","author":"Bixby","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(02)01828-9","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of aspirin and sodium salicylate","volume":"447","author":"Amann","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.117.014092","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of omega-3 fatty acids in the brain: physiological mechanisms and relevance to pharmacology","volume":"70","author":"Laye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21899","article-title":"Fluoxetine affords robust neuroprotection in the postischemic brain via its anti-inflammatory effect","volume":"87","author":"Lim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2019.11.005","article-title":"Cerebral cavernous malformation: what a practicing clinician should know","volume":"95","author":"Flemming","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1159\/000507789","article-title":"Cavernous malformation hemorrhagic presentation at diagnosis associated with low 25-hydroxy-vitamin d level","volume":"49","author":"Flemming","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.2217\/bmm.15.118","article-title":"Peripheral plasma vitamin D and non-HDL cholesterol reflect the severity of cerebral cavernous malformation disease","volume":"10","author":"Girard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomark Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091258","article-title":"Cerebral cavernous malformations proteins inhibit Rho kinase to stabilize vascular integrity","volume":"207","author":"Stockton","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-018-01074-0","article-title":"Could propranolol be beneficial in adult cerebral cavernous malformations?","volume":"42","author":"Apra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922813492885","article-title":"Propranolol for cerebral cavernous angiomatosis: a magic bullet","volume":"53","author":"Berti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.029676","article-title":"Propranolol reduces the development of lesions and rescues barrier function in cerebral cavernous malformations: a preclinical study","volume":"52","author":"Oldenburg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.04.053","article-title":"Propranolol stops progressive multiple cerebral cavernoma in an adult patient","volume":"367","author":"Reinhard","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.11.003","article-title":"Propranolol treatment of cavernous malformations with symptomatic hemorrhage","volume":"88","author":"Zabramski","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.10.003","article-title":"In reply to the Letter to the Editor regarding \u201cPropranolol treatment of cavernous malformations with symptomatic hemorrhage.\u201d","volume":"145","author":"Zabramski","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib33","author":"Goldberg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.024058","article-title":"Rho kinase inhibition blunts lesion development and hemorrhage in murine models of aggressive Pdcd10\/Ccm3 disease","volume":"50","author":"Shenkar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.12.035","article-title":"Symptomatic hemorrhage from cerebral cavernous malformations: evidence from a cohort study","volume":"135","author":"Gomez-Paz","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"}],"container-title":["World Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878875022003953?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878875022003953?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T09:07:19Z","timestamp":1761815239000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1878875022003953"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S1878875022003953"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-8750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1878-8750","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Influence of Select Medications on Prospective Hemorrhage Risk in Patients with Spinal or Cerebral Cavernous Malformations","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"World Neurosurgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.101","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}