{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:33:42Z","timestamp":1792179222953,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["World Neurosurgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T08:14:20Z","timestamp":1771488860000},"page":"124887","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evaluation of a 3D Simulation Model for Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy: A Validity Study in Residency Training"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"208","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3913-5899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"O\u011fuz Ka\u011fan","family":"Demirta\u015f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayri","family":"Kertmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Habibullah","family":"Dolgun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130lker","family":"Solmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5700-860X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet \u0130lker","family":"\u00d6zer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bilal","family":"Abbaso\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00fcleyman \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131","family":"Akp\u0131nar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3575-0480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baran Can","family":"Alpergin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caner","family":"\u00dcnl\u00fcer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8747-2187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c7a\u011fr\u0131","family":"Elbir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1430-2977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00f6ktu\u011f","family":"\u00dclk\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198901000-00004","article-title":"Percutaneous lumbar discectomy. Review of 100 patients and current practice","volume":"238","author":"Kambin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31816c8af7","article-title":"Full-endoscopic interlaminar and transforaminal lumbar discectomy versus conventional microsurgical technique: a prospective, randomized, controlled study","volume":"33","author":"Ruetten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.01.190","article-title":"Endoscopic unilateral laminotomy with bilateral discectomy using biportal endoscopic approach: technical report and preliminary clinical results","volume":"137","author":"Heo","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2637","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07701-9","article-title":"Clinical outcomes and complications after biportal endoscopic spine surgery: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of 3673 cases","volume":"32","author":"Park","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib5","first-page":"862","article-title":"Comparison of microsurgical and biportal endoscopic approach in lumbar lateral recess stenosis surgery: Single center retrospective analysis","volume":"35","author":"\u00d6zer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Turk Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3171\/2024.1.FOCVID23228","article-title":"Surgical management of tethered spinal cord syndrome through biportal endoscopic approach: a novel technical note","volume":"10","author":"\u00d6zer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus Video"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S119","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0000000000003340","article-title":"Role of minimally invasive spine surgery in spine oncology","volume":"96","author":"Newman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58111523","article-title":"Is biportal endoscopic spine surgery more advantageous than uniportal for the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease? A meta-analysis","volume":"58","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci15090936","article-title":"Resident training in minimally invasive spine surgery: a scoping review","volume":"15","author":"Oblich","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib10","article-title":"Development of an endoscopic spine surgery program","volume":"8","author":"Stone","year":"2023","journal-title":"JB JS Open Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.31616\/asj.2025.0050","article-title":"Development and validation of a cost-effective three-dimensional-printed cervical spine model for endoscopic posterior cervical foraminotomy training: a prospective educational study from Turkey","volume":"19","author":"Akbulut","year":"2025","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.21037\/jss-23-103","article-title":"Application of three-dimensional printed biomodels in endoscopic spinal surgery","volume":"10","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Spine Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-013-2701-0","article-title":"Irrigation endoscopic discectomy: a novel percutaneous approach for lumbar disc prolapse","volume":"22","author":"Soliman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib14","article-title":"The learning curve of unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) spinal surgery by CUSUM analysis","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2025.108755","article-title":"Unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy for lumbar disc herniation: learning curve analysis with CUSUM analysis and clinical outcomes","volume":"249","author":"Demirta\u015f","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-024-04674-3","article-title":"Evaluation of the learning curve and complications in unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: cumulative sum analysis and risk-adjusted cumulative sum analysis","volume":"19","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib17","series-title":"Problems and Solutions in Human Assessment: Honoring Douglas N. Jackson at Seventy","first-page":"3","article-title":"Consequences of test interpretation and use: the fusion of validity and values in psychological assessment","author":"Messick","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.4274\/tjod.galenos.2018.15931","article-title":"Cadaveric anatomy and dissection in surgical training","volume":"16","author":"Selcuk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Turk J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1308\/147870811X582954","article-title":"The use and effectiveness of cadaveric workshops in higher surgical training: a systematic review","volume":"93","author":"Gilbody","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib20","first-page":"403","article-title":"Coordinated multiple cadaver use for minimally invasive surgical training","volume":"11","author":"Blaschko","year":"2007","journal-title":"JSLS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-023-02642-8","article-title":"Cadaver surgical training and research using donated cadavers in the field of surgery in Japan: an overview of reports from 2012 to 2021","volume":"53","author":"Shichinohe","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1515\/bmt.2010.043","article-title":"Influence of formalin fixation on the biomechanical properties of human diaphyseal bone","volume":"55","author":"Burkhart","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomed Tech (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib23","first-page":"141","article-title":"Systematic review of surgical training on reperfused human cadavers","volume":"118","author":"Willaert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Chir Belg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(96)80016-9","article-title":"Formalin fixation strongly influences biomechanical properties of the spine","volume":"29","author":"Wilke","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1590\/s0102-865020180120000005","article-title":"Experimental model for transforaminal endoscopic spine","volume":"33","author":"Amato","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Cir Bras"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.05.199","article-title":"Experimental model for interlaminar endoscopic spine procedures","volume":"129","author":"Amato","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3257-3","article-title":"Development and validation of an artificial wetlab training system for the lumbar discectomy","volume":"23","author":"Adermann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib28","article-title":"Development and validation of a low-cost endoscopic spine surgery simulator","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/0100-6991e-20202901","article-title":"Validation of an endoscopic flavectomy training model","volume":"48","author":"Kulcheski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev Col Bras Cir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682221076044","article-title":"Use of a high-fidelity training simulator for minimally invasive lumbar decompression increases working knowledge and technical skills among orthopedic and neurosurgical trainees","volume":"13","author":"Melcher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Glob Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib31","article-title":"Non-cadaveric spine surgery simulator training in neurosurgical residency","volume":"20","author":"P\u00f6ser","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Am Spine Soc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2025.124523","article-title":"Cumulative sum and risk-adjusted cumulative sum analysis of the first-year learning curve for unilateral biportal endoscopy in a neurosurgeon with endoscopic skull base experience","volume":"204","author":"Y\u0131lmaz","year":"2025","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"}],"container-title":["World Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878875026001026?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1878875026001026?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T21:16:08Z","timestamp":1784668568000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1878875026001026"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S1878875026001026"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-8750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1878-8750","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation of a 3D Simulation Model for Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy: A Validity Study in Residency Training","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"World Neurosurgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2026.124887","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"124887"}}