{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T23:28:03Z","timestamp":1791502083132,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["womenandbirth.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Women and Birth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,11]],"date-time":"2017-07-11T19:45:36Z","timestamp":1499802336000},"page":"117-123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Fear of childbirth in primiparous Italian pregnant women: The role of anxiety, depression, and couple adjustment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Molgora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Fenaroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura Elvira","family":"Prino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Roll\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Sechi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annamaria","family":"Trovato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Vismara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Volpi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piera","family":"Brustia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loredana","family":"Lucarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Tambelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Saita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2008.02568.x","article-title":"Pre- and postpartum levels of childbirth fear and the relationship to birth outcomes in a cohort of Australian women","volume":"18","author":"Fenwick","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"issue":"March (30)","key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0010","article-title":"Worldwide prevalence of tocophobia in pregnant women: systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"O\u2019Connell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.176.1.83","article-title":"Tokophobia: an unreasoning dread of childbirth. A series of 26 cases","volume":"176","author":"Hofberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3109\/01674820209074677","article-title":"Fear of childbirth during pregnancy: a study of more than 8000 pregnant women","volume":"23","author":"Geissbuehler","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2009.02250.x","article-title":"Fear of childbirth and risk for birth complications in nulliparous women in the Danish National Birth Cohort","volume":"116","author":"Laursen","year":"2009","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0730-7659.2004.0270.x","article-title":"A negative birth experience: prevalence and risk factors in a national sample","volume":"31","author":"Waldenstrom","year":"2004","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/02845710121310","article-title":"Pre- and post-partum fear of childbirth in nulliparous and parous women","volume":"30","author":"Zar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Scand J Behav Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2009.01054.x","article-title":"Childbirth fear, anxiety, fatigue, and sleep deprivation in a sample of pregnant women","volume":"38","author":"Hall","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2003.00114.x","article-title":"Fear of childbirth: a neglected dilemma","volume":"82","author":"Saisto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2016.10.007","article-title":"Psychological perspectives on fear of childbirth","volume":"44","author":"Rondung","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2011.01323.x","article-title":"Fear of childbirth: the relation to anxiety and depression","volume":"91","author":"Storksen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01583.x","article-title":"Fear of childbirth: predictors and temporal changes among nulliparous women in the Danish National Birth Cohort","volume":"115","author":"Laursen","year":"2008","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12599","article-title":"Fear of childbirth in nulliparous and multiparous women: a population based analysis of all singleton births in Finland in 1997\u20132010","volume":"121","author":"R\u00e4is\u00e4nen","year":"2014","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2010.00420.x","article-title":"Childhood abuse and fear of childbirth\u2014a population-based study","volume":"37","author":"Lukasse","year":"2010","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0075","first-page":"128","article-title":"Women\u2019s emotions and concerns during pregnancy following perinatal loss","volume":"26","author":"Cot\u00e9-Arsenault","year":"2001","journal-title":"MCN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3109\/01674829909075575","article-title":"Coping and distress in pregnancy: an investigation of medically high risk women","volume":"20","author":"Yali","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(94)90069-8","article-title":"Gestational diabetes: a case control study of women\u2019s experience of pregnancy, health and the child","volume":"38","author":"Sj\u00f6gren","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000222902.37120.2f","article-title":"Fear of childbirth and pregnancy-related anxiety in women conceiving with assisted reproduction","volume":"108","author":"Poikkeus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2011.02967.x","article-title":"Mental health problems common in women with fear of childbirth","volume":"118","author":"Rouhe","year":"2011","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2004.04.014","article-title":"Is pregnancy anxiety a distinctive syndrome?","volume":"79","author":"Huizink","year":"2004","journal-title":"Early Human Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-12-78","article-title":"A prospective study of effects of psychological factors and sleep on obstetric interventions, mode of birth, and neonatal outcomes among low-risk British Columbian women","volume":"12","author":"Hall","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0110","first-page":"492","article-title":"Psychosocial characteristics of women and their partners fearing vaginal childbirth","volume":"108","author":"Saisto","year":"2001","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.00950.x","article-title":"Antenatal fear of childbirth and its association with subsequent caesarean section and experience of childbirth","volume":"113","author":"Waldenstr\u00f6m","year":"2006","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0120","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fear of delivery: a contribution to the validation of the Italian version of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy\/Experience Questionnaire (WDEQ)","volume":"20","author":"Fenaroli","year":"2013","journal-title":"TPM Test Psychom Stat Appl Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.3109\/01674829809048501","article-title":"Psychometric aspects of the W-DEQ: a new questionnaire for the measurement of fear of childbirth","volume":"19","author":"Wijma","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2015.05.002","article-title":"A cross sectional study to determine utility of childbirth fear screening in maternity practice\u2014an Australian perspective","volume":"28","author":"Toohill","year":"2015","journal-title":"Women Birth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/0167482X.2014.980722","article-title":"Group psychoeducation with relaxation for severe fear of childbirth improves maternal adjustment and childbirth experience\u2014a randomized control trial","volume":"36","author":"Rouhe","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0140","first-page":"8","article-title":"Does antenatal fear of childbirth predict postnatal fear of childbirth? A study of Japanese women","volume":"5","author":"Takegata","year":"2015","journal-title":"Open J Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-1157-8","article-title":"Assessment of the dimensionality of the Wijma delivery expectancy\/experience questionnaire using factor analysis and Rasch analysis","volume":"16","author":"Pallant","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.150.6.782","article-title":"Detection of postnatal depression: development of 10-items Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale","volume":"150","author":"Cox","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(98)00102-5","article-title":"The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale: validation for an Italian sample","volume":"53","author":"Benvenuti","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.01.044","article-title":"Validation studies of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale for the antenatal period","volume":"176","author":"Kozinszky","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2009.01363.x","article-title":"A systematic review of studies validating the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in antepartum and postpartum women","volume":"119","author":"Gibson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0170","series-title":"Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory","author":"Spielberger","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0175","series-title":"Inventario per l\u2019ansia di stato e di tratto: nuova versione italiana dello STAI-forma Y [Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory: New italian version of the STAY-Y form]","author":"Pedrabissi","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.2307\/350547","article-title":"Measuring Dyadic Adjustment: new scales for assessing the quality of marriage and similar dyads","volume":"38","author":"Spanier","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Marriage Fam"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0185","first-page":"107","article-title":"La Dyadic Adjustment Scale: una misura dell\u2019adattamento di coppia [The Dyadic Adjustment Scale: a measure of couple adjustment]","volume":"43","author":"Gentili","year":"2002","journal-title":"Minerva Psichiatrica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa5201_2","article-title":"The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support","volume":"52","author":"Zimet","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Personal Assess"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0195","series-title":"Conoscere la comunit\u00e0 [Learn about the community]","article-title":"La rete sociale e il sostegno sociale [The social network and social support]","author":"Prezza","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.51.1.115","article-title":"Testing moderator and mediator effects in counseling psychology research","volume":"51","author":"Frazier","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Couns Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0205","series-title":"Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences","author":"Stevens","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2005.11.065","article-title":"How social context impacts on women\u2019s fear of childbirth: a Western Australian example","volume":"63","author":"Fisher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.79.935.505","article-title":"Fear of pregnancy and childbirth","volume":"79","author":"Hofberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"}],"container-title":["Women and Birth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1871519216301585?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1871519216301585?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T04:24:27Z","timestamp":1535603067000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1871519216301585"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1871519216301585"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["1871-5192"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1871-5192","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fear of childbirth in primiparous Italian pregnant women: The role of anxiety, depression, and couple adjustment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Women and Birth","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.022","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Australian College of Midwives. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}