{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T01:24:56Z","timestamp":1794273896898,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]],"date-time":"2022-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014717","name":"National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["8212200477"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["8212200477"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014717","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Reports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]],"date-time":"2022-07-26T12:22:08Z","timestamp":1658838128000},"page":"100699","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Single-cell RNA sequencing depicts the local cell landscape in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Zhaohuai","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8979-8642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaozhen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihui","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runping","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binyao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyu","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianggui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0506-6362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenru","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0905750","article-title":"Graves' ophthalmopathy","volume":"362","author":"Bahn","year":"2010","journal-title":"N.\u00a0Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-3014","article-title":"Efficacy of B-cell targeted therapy with rituximab in patients with active moderate to severe Graves' orbitopathy: a randomized controlled study","volume":"100","author":"Salvi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib3","first-page":"CD012984","article-title":"Tocilizumab for thyroid eye disease","volume":"11","author":"Hamed Azzam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(16)30046-8","article-title":"Advances in treatment of active, moderate-to-severe Graves' ophthalmopathy. The lancet","volume":"5","author":"Wiersinga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0305-4","article-title":"New insights into the pathogenesis and nonsurgical management of Graves orbitopathy","volume":"16","author":"Taylor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7453260","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7453260","article-title":"Immunological aspects of graves' ophthalmopathy","volume":"2019","author":"\u0141acheta","year":"2019","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2007.0407","article-title":"Immune mechanisms in thyroid eye disease","volume":"18","author":"Lehmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2008.03219.x","article-title":"Role of macrophage infiltration in the orbital fat of patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy","volume":"69","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib9","first-page":"222","article-title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of the retrobulbar tissues in Graves' ophthalmopathy","volume":"75","author":"Weetman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2262","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2328","article-title":"Orbital fibroblasts from patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy overexpress CD40: CD154 hyperinduces IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1","volume":"50","author":"Hwang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7370","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12741","article-title":"Orbital fibroblasts from thyroid eye disease patients differ in proliferative and adipogenic responses depending on disease subtype","volume":"54","author":"Kuriyan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2010.0123","article-title":"Thyrotropin receptor-stimulating Graves' disease immunoglobulins induce hyaluronan synthesis by differentiated orbital fibroblasts from patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy not only via cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathways","volume":"21","author":"van Zeijl","year":"2011","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01626","article-title":"Insights into local orbital immunity: evidence for the involvement of the th17 cell pathway in Thyroid-Associated ophthalmopathy","volume":"104","author":"Fang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4336","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.19-27865","article-title":"TSHR signaling stimulates proliferation through PI3K\/Akt and induction of miR-146a and miR-155 in thyroid eye disease orbital fibroblasts","volume":"60","author":"Woeller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-018-1087-7","article-title":"Clonal derivation of white and brown adipocyte progenitor cell lines from human pluripotent stem cells","volume":"10","author":"West","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2002-0020","article-title":"Current perspective on the pathogenesis of Graves' disease and ophthalmopathy","volume":"24","author":"Prabhakar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib18","first-page":"3428","article-title":"Evidence of adipocyte differentiation in human orbital fibroblasts in primary culture","volume":"81","author":"Sorisky","year":"1996","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63488-8","article-title":"Thy-1 expression in human fibroblast subsets defines myofibroblastic or lipofibroblastic phenotypes","volume":"163","author":"Koumas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.316943","article-title":"Periostin: a potential therapeutic target for pulmonary hypertension?","volume":"127","author":"Nie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6039","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-2773","article-title":"Targeting extracellular matrix remodeling restores BRAF inhibitor sensitivity in BRAFi-resistant melanoma","volume":"26","author":"Marusak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2642","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001312","article-title":"Gene expression of proresolving lipid mediator pathways is associated with clinical outcomes in trauma patients","volume":"43","author":"Orr","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20575","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1320454110","article-title":"Dexras1 mediates glucocorticoid-associated adipogenesis and diet-induced obesity","volume":"110","author":"Cha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28648","DOI":"10.1038\/srep28648","article-title":"Dexras1 links glucocorticoids to insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling in adipogenesis","volume":"6","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib25","first-page":"4085","article-title":"The role of Pim kinase in immunomodulation","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.23600","article-title":"Stromal cells in health and disease","volume":"93","author":"Schildberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cytometry A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13312","article-title":"Metabolism of stromal and immune cells in health and disease","volume":"511","author":"Ghesqui\u00e8re","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2225","article-title":"A CD74-dependent MHC class I endolysosomal cross-presentation pathway","volume":"13","author":"Basha","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2012.00266","article-title":"Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines and its involvement in patterning and control of inflammatory chemokines","volume":"3","author":"Novitzky-Basso","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3544","article-title":"Immune regulation by atypical chemokine receptors","volume":"13","author":"Nibbs","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-017-0381-7","article-title":"Differential DARC\/ACKR1 expression distinguishes venular from non-venular endothelial cells in murine tissues","volume":"15","author":"Thiriot","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5510","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.12.5510","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 is a basic-helix-loop-helix-PAS heterodimer regulated by cellular O2 tension","volume":"92","author":"Wang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-1018","article-title":"T helper type 1 and type 2 cytokines exert divergent influence on the induction of prostaglandin E2 and hyaluronan synthesis by interleukin-1beta in orbital fibroblasts: implications for the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy","volume":"147","author":"Han","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1089\/105072502753600151","article-title":"T-cell-mediated immunity in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy","volume":"12","author":"Bednarczuk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1679","article-title":"Coregulation of CD8+ T\u00a0cell exhaustion by multiple inhibitory receptors during chronic viral infection","volume":"10","author":"Blackburn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-016-1803-z","article-title":"CD57 in human natural killer cells and T-lymphocytes","volume":"65","author":"Kared","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/S0531-5565(03)00134-7","article-title":"Age-associated accumulation of CMV-specific CD8+ T\u00a0cells expressing the inhibitory killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1)","volume":"38","author":"Ouyang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib38","first-page":"177","article-title":"Interleukin-2 receptor beta and CD57 expression in orbital tissues from patients with chronic, stable thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy","volume":"36","author":"Rosen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Alaska Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5145","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.8.5145","article-title":"High cytotoxic and specific migratory potencies of senescent CD8+ CD57+ cells in HIV-infected and uninfected individuals","volume":"177","author":"Le Priol","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-042617-053119","article-title":"Nonclassical monocytes in health and disease","volume":"37","author":"Narasimhan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1637","article-title":"A critical function for CD200 in lung immune homeostasis and the severity of influenza infection","volume":"9","author":"Snelgrove","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI29881","article-title":"Obesity induces a phenotypic switch in adipose tissue macrophage polarization","volume":"117","author":"Lumeng","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"re3","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.272re3","article-title":"CD36, a scavenger receptor involved in immunity, metabolism, angiogenesis, and behavior","volume":"2","author":"Silverstein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sci. Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-018-0891-z","article-title":"A circulating cell population showing both M1 and M2 monocyte\/macrophage surface markers characterizes systemic sclerosis patients with lung involvement","volume":"19","author":"Trombetta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-14002","article-title":"Current concepts in the molecular pathogenesis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy","volume":"55","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2450","article-title":"Monokine induced by interferon gamma (IFNgamma) (CXCL9) and IFNgamma inducible T-cell alpha-chemoattractant (CXCL11) involvement in Graves' disease and ophthalmopathy: modulation by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists","volume":"94","author":"Antonelli","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaba6500","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba6500","article-title":"Developmental cell programs are co-opted in inflammatory skin disease","volume":"371","author":"Reynolds","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-015-8498-3","article-title":"OX40, OX40L and autoimmunity: a comprehensive review","volume":"50","author":"Webb","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(10)05003-0","article-title":"OX40-OX40 ligand interaction in T-cell-mediated immunity and immunopathology","volume":"105","author":"Ishii","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E3901","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1523512113","article-title":"OX40L blockade protects against inflammation-driven fibrosis","volume":"113","author":"Elhai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0359-y","article-title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing in cardiovascular development, disease and medicine","volume":"17","author":"Paik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0944-y","article-title":"A single-cell atlas of the peripheral immune response in patients with severe COVID-19","volume":"26","author":"Wilk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.1.8164","article-title":"Orbital fibroblast heterogeneity may determine the clinical presentation of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy","volume":"87","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2014.10.010","article-title":"Regulation of prostate stromal fibroblasts by the PIM1 protein kinase","volume":"27","author":"Zemskova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell. Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2613.2009.00673.x","article-title":"PIM-1 kinase expression in adipocytic neoplasms: diagnostic and biological implications","volume":"91","author":"Nga","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Exp. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2171","article-title":"Evolving functions of endothelial cells in inflammation","volume":"7","author":"Pober","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.21.122303.133159","article-title":"In\u00a0vivo imaging of lymphocyte trafficking","volume":"21","author":"Halin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-36028-X_4","article-title":"Leucocyte-endothelial interactions in health and disease","author":"Ley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Handb. Exp. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0279-9","article-title":"The involvement of T\u00a0cell pathogenesis in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy","volume":"33","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2003.01708.x","article-title":"TSH-R expression and cytokine profile in orbital tissue of active vs. Inactive Graves' ophthalmopathy patients","volume":"58","author":"Wakelkamp","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.5603\/EP.2014.0021","article-title":"The role of the immune system and cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD)","volume":"65","author":"Miko\u015b","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endokrynol. Pol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1964","article-title":"CD8+ effector T\u00a0cells contribute to macrophage recruitment and adipose tissue inflammation in obesity","volume":"15","author":"Nishimura","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2711","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-07-2103","article-title":"Expression of CD57 defines replicative senescence and antigen-induced apoptotic death of CD8+ T\u00a0cells","volume":"101","author":"Brenchley","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-020-00615-2","article-title":"A novel CD4+ CTL subtype characterized by chemotaxis and inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of Graves' orbitopathy","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0208107","article-title":"The cytolytic enzymes granyzme a, granzyme B, and perforin: expression patterns, cell distribution, and their relationship to cell maturity and bright CD57 expression","volume":"85","author":"Chattopadhyay","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2010.03255.x","article-title":"T-cell exhaustion: characteristics, causes and conversion","volume":"129","author":"Yi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2959","article-title":"Are senescence and exhaustion intertwined or unrelated processes that compromise immunity?","volume":"11","author":"Akbar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E5096","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1802611115","article-title":"Distinct macrophage populations direct inflammatory versus physiological changes in adipose tissue","volume":"115","author":"Hill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI45887","article-title":"Adipose tissue remodeling and obesity","volume":"121","author":"Sun","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0603-677","article-title":"Regulation of angiogenesis by hypoxia: role of the HIF system","volume":"9","author":"Pugh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803632","article-title":"Human adipose tissue macrophages are of an anti-inflammatory phenotype but capable of excessive pro-inflammatory mediator production","volume":"31","author":"Zeyda","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.4096","article-title":"Integrating single-cell transcriptomic data across different conditions, technologies, and species","volume":"36","author":"Butler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0619-0","article-title":"Fast, sensitive and accurate integration of single-cell data with Harmony","volume":"16","author":"Korsunsky","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4402","article-title":"Reversed graph embedding resolves complex single-cell trajectories","volume":"14","author":"Qiu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0698-6","article-title":"Single-cell reconstruction of the early maternal-fetal interface in humans","volume":"563","author":"Vento-Tormo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09234-6","article-title":"Metascape provides a biologist-oriented resource for the analysis of systems-level datasets","volume":"10","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-985X.2010.00676_9.x","article-title":"Ggplot2: elegant graphics for data analysis","volume":"174","author":"Ginestet","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Roy. Stat. Soc."}],"container-title":["Cell Reports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S266637912200235X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S266637912200235X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T22:52:08Z","timestamp":1762987928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S266637912200235X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S266637912200235X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-3791"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-3791","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Single-cell RNA sequencing depicts the local cell landscape in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cell Reports Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100699","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Author(s).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100699"}}