{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:12:18Z","timestamp":1790266338030,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019035","name":"Hubei Province Science and Technology Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023AFB404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023AFB404"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371443"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82301580"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82301580"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371195"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371195"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62375096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62375096"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Reports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T21:30:00Z","timestamp":1763587800000},"page":"102462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ngn2 and Isl1-mediated astrocyte-to-neuron conversion in vivo promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Meiling","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hebing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Sui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqing","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changlong","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengbing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaili","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuxian","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunjie","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiyuan","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binlian","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1323-8678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiji","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-019-0984-1","article-title":"Modern Medical Management of Spinal Cord Injury","volume":"19","author":"Karsy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.330590","article-title":"Neuronal reprogramming in treating spinal cord injury","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1089\/089771504323004575","article-title":"The pathology of human spinal cord injury: defining the problems","volume":"21","author":"Norenberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-016-0133-0","article-title":"Spinal cord injury induces astroglial conversion towards neuronal lineage","volume":"11","author":"Noristani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1956","article-title":"Glial inhibition of CNS axon regeneration","volume":"7","author":"Yiu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2013.12.024","article-title":"Functional regeneration beyond the glial scar","volume":"253","author":"Cregg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3259","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI90608","article-title":"Cell biology of spinal cord injury and repair","volume":"127","author":"O'Shea","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2021.02.009","article-title":"In vivo reprogramming of NG2 glia enables adult neurogenesis and functional recovery following spinal cord injury","volume":"28","author":"Tai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.01.003","article-title":"Adult Neurogenesis Is Sustained by Symmetric Self-Renewal and Differentiation","volume":"22","author":"Obernier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3287","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI92955","article-title":"Prolonged human neural stem cell maturation supports recovery in injured rodent CNS","volume":"127","author":"Lu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2016.01.012","article-title":"Stem and Progenitor Cell-Based Therapy of the Central Nervous System: Hopes, Hype, and Wishful Thinking","volume":"18","author":"Goldman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.01.099","article-title":"Regenerating Corticospinal Axons Innervate Phenotypically Appropriate Neurons within Neural Stem Cell Grafts","volume":"26","author":"Kumamaru","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/5653787","article-title":"Cell Transplantation for Spinal Cord Injury: Tumorigenicity of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Stem\/Progenitor Cells","volume":"2018","author":"Deng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.07.014","article-title":"Long-distance axonal growth from human induced pluripotent stem cells after spinal cord injury","volume":"83","author":"Lu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.110019","article-title":"Long-term selective stimulation of transplanted neural stem\/progenitor cells for spinal cord injury improves locomotor function","volume":"37","author":"Kawai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-020-00662-w","article-title":"Cell therapy for spinal cord injury by using human iPSC-derived region-specific neural progenitor cells","volume":"13","author":"Kajikawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3267","article-title":"Tumorigenicity as a clinical hurdle for pluripotent stem cell therapies","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.12.018","article-title":"Direct Lineage Reprogramming Reveals Disease-Specific Phenotypes of Motor Neurons from Human ALS Patients","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01809-0","article-title":"Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs): molecular mechanisms of induction and applications","volume":"9","author":"Cerneckis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2020.11.017","article-title":"CRISPR-Mediated Induction of Neuron-Enriched Mitochondrial Proteins Boosts Direct Glia-to-Neuron Conversion","volume":"28","author":"Russo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.03.024","article-title":"Glia-to-Neuron Conversion by CRISPR-CasRx Alleviates Symptoms of Neurological Disease in Mice","volume":"181","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2021.09.002","article-title":"Reprogramming reactive glia into interneurons reduces chronic seizure activity in a mouse model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"28","author":"Lentini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2388-4","article-title":"Reversing a model of Parkinson's disease with in situ converted nigral neurons","volume":"582","author":"Qian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-019-1448-x","article-title":"In vivo conversion of rat astrocytes into neuronal cells through neural stem cells in injured spinal cord with a single zinc-finger transcription factor","volume":"10","author":"Zarei-Kheirabadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.591883","article-title":"Regeneration of Functional Neurons After Spinal Cord Injury via in situ NeuroD1-Mediated Astrocyte-to-Neuron Conversion","volume":"8","author":"Puls","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7926","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4303-11.2012","article-title":"Self-renewal and differentiation of reactive astrocyte-derived neural stem\/progenitor cells isolated from the cortical peri-infarct area after stroke","volume":"32","author":"Shimada","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2013.01.019","article-title":"Reactive glia in the injured brain acquire stem cell properties in response to sonic hedgehog","volume":"12","author":"Sirko","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-021-00751-3","article-title":"Reprogramming Glial Cells into Functional Neurons for Neuro-regeneration: Challenges and Promise","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosci. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2021.05.020","article-title":"Reprogramming astrocytes to motor neurons by activation of endogenous Ngn2 and Isl1","volume":"16","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3338","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4338","article-title":"In vivo conversion of astrocytes to neurons in the injured adult spinal cord","volume":"5","author":"Su","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4548","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.71378","article-title":"NOTCH1 signaling regulates the latent neurogenic program in adult reactive astrocytes after spinal cord injury","volume":"12","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3183","article-title":"Small molecules enable neurogenin 2 to efficiently convert human fibroblasts into cholinergic neurons","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2015.03.006","article-title":"SOX2 reprograms resident astrocytes into neural progenitors in the adult brain","volume":"4","author":"Niu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2015.07.006","article-title":"Direct Conversion of Normal and Alzheimer's Disease Human Fibroblasts into Neuronal Cells by Small Molecules","volume":"17","author":"Hu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib35","first-page":"487","article-title":"Mutant huntingtin reduction in astrocytes slows disease progression in the BACHD conditional Huntington's disease mouse model","volume":"28","author":"Wood","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2004.05.013","article-title":"Milestones of neuronal development in the adult hippocampus","volume":"27","author":"Kempermann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.12.010","article-title":"Pioneer Factor NeuroD1 Rearranges Transcriptional and Epigenetic Profiles to Execute Microglia-Neuron Conversion","volume":"101","author":"Matsuda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4094","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.11.008","article-title":"NeuroD1 induces microglial apoptosis and cannot induce microglia-to-neuron cross-lineage reprogramming","volume":"109","author":"Rao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20491","article-title":"Prominent oligodendrocyte genesis along the border of spinal contusion lesions","volume":"55","author":"Tripathi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2017.10.002","article-title":"NG2\/CSPG4 and progranulin in the posttraumatic glial scar","volume":"68\u201369","author":"Sch\u00e4fer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2014.10.007","article-title":"Sox2-mediated conversion of NG2 glia into induced neurons in the injured adult cerebral cortex","volume":"3","author":"Heinrich","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2013.12.001","article-title":"In vivo direct reprogramming of reactive glial cells into functional neurons after brain injury and in an Alzheimer's disease model","volume":"14","author":"Guo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.07.023","article-title":"Direct Reprogramming of Resident NG2 Glia into Neurons with Properties of Fast-Spiking Parvalbumin-Containing Interneurons","volume":"9","author":"Pereira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.06.040","article-title":"In Vivo Reprogramming of Striatal NG2 Glia into Functional Neurons that Integrate into Local Host Circuitry","volume":"12","author":"Torper","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2013.094","article-title":"Design and generation of recombinant rabies virus vectors","volume":"8","author":"Osakada","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.914386","article-title":"Ectopic insert-dependent neuronal expression of GFAP promoter-driven AAV constructs in adult mouse retina","volume":"10","author":"Le","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ade1282","article-title":"Astrocytic TDP-43 dysregulation impairs memory by modulating antiviral pathways and interferon-inducible chemokines","volume":"9","author":"Licht-Murava","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06817-8","article-title":"A transcriptomic taxonomy of mouse brain-wide spinal projecting neurons","volume":"624","author":"Winter","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.160240","article-title":"NMJ-morph reveals principal components of synaptic morphology influencing structure-function relationships at the neuromuscular junction","volume":"6","author":"Jones","year":"2016","journal-title":"Open Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-022-03143-4","article-title":"DOK7 Promotes NMJ Regeneration After Nerve Injury","volume":"60","author":"Kosco","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7203","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0443-20.2020","article-title":"A Role of Lamin A\/C in Preventing Neuromuscular Junction Decline in Mice","volume":"40","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-012-8287-4","article-title":"Reactive astrogliosis after spinal cord injury-beneficial and detrimental effects","volume":"46","author":"Karimi-Abdolrezaee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2006-0705","article-title":"New GABAergic interneurons supported by myelin-specific T cells are formed in intact adult spinal cord","volume":"25","author":"Shechter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stem Cell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-014-0145-7","article-title":"Time course of spinal doublecortin expression in developing rat and porcine spinal cord: implication in in vivo neural precursor grafting studies","volume":"35","author":"Juhasova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11948","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3127-06.2006","article-title":"Growth factor treatment and genetic manipulation stimulate neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis by endogenous neural progenitors in the injured adult spinal cord","volume":"26","author":"Ohori","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2009.08.002","article-title":"Molecular dissection of reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation","volume":"32","author":"Sofroniew","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06190.x","article-title":"Transgenic inhibition of astroglial NF-kappa B leads to increased axonal sparing and sprouting following spinal cord injury","volume":"110","author":"Brambilla","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.07004.x","article-title":"Astrocytes in injury states rapidly produce anti-inflammatory factors and attenuate microglial inflammatory responses","volume":"115","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-023-03395-4","article-title":"The activation of dormant ependymal cells following spinal cord injury","volume":"14","author":"Rodriguez-Jimenez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.110440","article-title":"Identification of a discrete subpopulation of spinal cord ependymal cells with neural stem cell properties","volume":"38","author":"Stenudd","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1682","article-title":"Recovery of supraspinal control of stepping via indirect propriospinal relay connections after spinal cord injury","volume":"14","author":"Courtine","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.08.050","article-title":"Reactivation of Dormant Relay Pathways in Injured Spinal Cord by KCC2 Manipulations","volume":"174","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adi6412","article-title":"Recovery of walking after paralysis by regenerating characterized neurons to their natural target region","volume":"381","author":"Squair","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-010-0281-x","article-title":"Projections from the brain to the spinal cord in the mouse","volume":"215","author":"Liang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0467-6","article-title":"Required growth facilitators propel axon regeneration across complete spinal cord injury","volume":"561","author":"Anderson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2022.102375","article-title":"Circuit reconstruction of newborn neurons after spinal cord injury in adult rats via an NT3-chitosan scaffold","volume":"220","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3713","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz322","article-title":"\u03b22-Adrenergic receptor agonists ameliorate the adverse effect of long-term pyridostigmine on neuromuscular junction structure","volume":"142","author":"Vanhaesebrouck","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2020.113377","article-title":"Diminished enteric neuromuscular transmission in the distal colon following experimental spinal cord injury","volume":"331","author":"White","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21228652","article-title":"Peripheral Nerve Regeneration and Muscle Reinnervation","volume":"21","author":"Gordon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2013.03.001","article-title":"Three-dimensional evaluation of retinal ganglion cell axon regeneration and pathfinding in whole mouse tissue after injury","volume":"247","author":"Luo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.107537","article-title":"Knocking Out Non-muscle Myosin II in Retinal Ganglion Cells Promotes Long-Distance Optic Nerve Regeneration","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2024.09.005","article-title":"Axon guidance during mouse central nervous system regeneration is required for specific brain innervation","volume":"59","author":"Delpech","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2467","article-title":"A robust and high-throughput Cre reporting and characterization system for the whole mouse brain","volume":"13","author":"Madisen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/dvg.20287","article-title":"Characterization of astrocyte-specific conditional knockouts","volume":"45","author":"Casper","year":"2007","journal-title":"Genesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.39016","article-title":"Remodeling of lumbar motor circuitry remote to a thoracic spinal cord injury promotes locomotor recovery","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24134","article-title":"Cytosolic phospholipase A2 protein as a novel therapeutic target for spinal cord injury","volume":"75","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7079","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0931-17.2017","article-title":"The mTOR Substrate S6 Kinase 1 (S6K1) Is a Negative Regulator of Axon Regeneration and a Potential Drug Target for Central Nervous System Injury","volume":"37","author":"Al-Ali","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Cell Reports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S266637912500535X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S266637912500535X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T15:51:28Z","timestamp":1790265088000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S266637912500535X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S266637912500535X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-3791"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-3791","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ngn2 and Isl1-mediated astrocyte-to-neuron conversion in vivo promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cell Reports Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102462","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102462"}}