{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T17:02:08Z","timestamp":1767891728555,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["fertstertscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["F&S Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]],"date-time":"2023-05-09T01:55:47Z","timestamp":1683597347000},"page":"229-238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Understanding the impact of varicocele on sperm capacitation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2654-1601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rhayza Roberta","family":"Andretta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Let\u00edcia Signori","family":"de Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2284-803X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renata Cristina","family":"de Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jheysson Alfredo Cordeiro de","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6491-7788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato","family":"Fraietta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8678-1095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatima Kazue","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6892-9244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo Pimenta","family":"Bertolla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)55089-4","article-title":"The influence of varicocele on parameters of fertility in a large group of men presenting to infertility clinics","volume":"57","year":"1992","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-001-0035-7","article-title":"The pathophysiology of varicocele-associated male infertility","volume":"2","author":"Schoor","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Urol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1038\/aja.2010.111","article-title":"Effects of varicocele on testosterone, apoptosis and expression of StAR mRNA in rat Leydig cells","volume":"13","author":"Luo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2012.197","article-title":"Insight into oxidative stress in varicocele-associated male infertility: part 1","volume":"9","author":"Agarwal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.5173\/ceju.2015.642","article-title":"Varicocele as a source of male infertility - current treatment techniques","volume":"68","author":"Kupis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cent European J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2003.08.010","article-title":"Varicocele: a bilateral disease","volume":"81","author":"Gat","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-013-0339-4","article-title":"Varicocele and hypogonadism","volume":"14","author":"Dabaja","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Urol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2017.98","article-title":"Varicocele and male infertility","volume":"14","author":"Jensen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)54607-X","article-title":"Testis volumes, semen quality, and hormonal patterns in adolescents with and without a varicocele","volume":"56","author":"Haans","year":"1991","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib10","first-page":"308","article-title":"[Effect of experimental left varicocele on rat Leydig cell function]","volume":"86","author":"Kazama","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.09.007","article-title":"Sperm nuclear DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial activity in men with varicocele","volume":"90","author":"Blumer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2011.10240.x","article-title":"Effect of varicocele on sperm function and semen oxidative stress","volume":"109","author":"Blumer","year":"2012","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1159\/000218523","article-title":"Testicular varicocele: an overview","volume":"82","author":"Mohammed","year":"2009","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)64567-1","article-title":"Ipsilateral testicular hypotrophy is associated with decreased sperm counts in infertile men with varicoceles","volume":"158","author":"Sigman","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.09.052","article-title":"Does varicocele grade determine extent of alteration to spermatogenesis in adolescents?","volume":"90","author":"Mori","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib16","first-page":"335","article-title":"[Effects of experimental varicocele on the testosterone level in the serum and testis of rats]","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1071\/BI9510581","article-title":"Observations on the penetration of the sperm in the mammalian egg","volume":"4","author":"Austin","year":"1951","journal-title":"Aust J Sci Res B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/and.14275","article-title":"Effect of varicocele on sperm DNA damage: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"54","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1038\/168697b0","article-title":"Fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa deposited into the fallopian tubes","volume":"168","author":"Chang","year":"1951","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.172642","article-title":"Specialized sperm function tests in varicocele and the future of andrology laboratory","volume":"18","author":"Majzoub","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0000000000000093","article-title":"Expression and subcellular localization of retinoic acid receptor-\u03b1 (RAR\u03b1) in healthy and varicocele human spermatozoa: its possible regulatory role in capacitation and survival","volume":"23","author":"Perrotta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib22","first-page":"27","article-title":"Sperm capacitation and gamete interaction","volume":"38","author":"Yanagimachi","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Reprod Fertil Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-151-39182","article-title":"Influence of serum albumin on the fertilizing ability in\u00a0vitro of rat spermatozoa","volume":"151","author":"Davis","year":"1976","journal-title":"Proc Soc Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-2-75","article-title":"Role of tyrosine phosphorylation in sperm capacitation \/ acrosome reaction","volume":"2","author":"Naz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.1120200402","article-title":"An influx of extracelluar calcium is required for initiation of the human sperm acrosome reaction induced by human follicular fluid","volume":"20","author":"Thomas","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gamete Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-012-1370-3","article-title":"Kinases, phosphatases and proteases during sperm capacitation","volume":"349","author":"Signorelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081286","article-title":"Protein phosphatases decrease their activity during capacitation: a new requirement for this event","volume":"8","author":"Signorelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0811895106","article-title":"Understanding the molecular basis of sperm capacitation through kinase design","volume":"106","author":"Visconti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E110","DOI":"10.2741\/A572","article-title":"Intracellular events and signaling pathways involved in sperm acquisition of fertilizing capacity and acrosome reaction","volume":"5","author":"Baldi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.08.032","article-title":"Sperm nuclear DNA fragmentation in adolescents with varicocele","volume":"85","author":"Bertolla","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.08.048","article-title":"Proteomic analysis of seminal plasma in adolescents with and without varicocele","volume":"99","author":"Zylbersztejn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)37684-1","article-title":"Varicocele size and results of varicocelectomy in selected subfertile men with varicocele","volume":"21","author":"Dubin","year":"1970","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.10.007","article-title":"Society for Male Reproduction and Urology. Report on varicocele and infertility: a committee opinion","volume":"102","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)36203-1","article-title":"Relationship between varicocele size and response to varicocelectomy","volume":"149","author":"Steckel","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib35","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. World Health 2010; Edition, F:286."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M114.045468","article-title":"Quantitative phosphoproteomics analysis reveals a key role of insulin growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) tyrosine kinase in human sperm capacitation","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Cell Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(84)90084-8","article-title":"Determination of the time course of capacitation in mouse spermatozoa using a chlortetracycline fluorescence assay","volume":"104","author":"Ward","year":"1984","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaz037","article-title":"The activation of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome is regulated by soluble adenyl cyclase\/cAMP\/protein kinase A pathway and required for human sperm capacitation","volume":"25","author":"Zapata-Carmona","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8213071","article-title":"Sperm oxidative stress is detrimental to embryo development: a dose-dependent study model and a new and more sensitive oxidative status evaluation","volume":"2016","author":"de Castro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.1987.tb00385.x","article-title":"Cytochemical and ultracytochemical demonstration of cytochrome c oxidase in spermatozoa and dynamics of its changes accompanying ageing or induced by stress","volume":"10","author":"Hrudka","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2011.10813.x","article-title":"Association between obesity and alteration of sperm DNA integrity and mitochondrial activity","volume":"110","author":"Fariello","year":"2012","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1530\/RAF-20-0018","article-title":"One day is better than four days of ejaculatory abstinence for sperm function","volume":"1","author":"Okada","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reprod Fertil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod53.2.276","article-title":"Viability assessment of mammalian sperm using SYBR-14 and propidium iodide","volume":"53","author":"Garner","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod41.4.635","article-title":"Methods for evaluating the acrosomal status of mammalian sperm","volume":"41","author":"Cross","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1038\/aja.2010.70","article-title":"The mechanism of sperm-egg interaction and the involvement of IZUMO1 in fusion","volume":"13","author":"Inoue","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.10.068","article-title":"Sperm viability, apoptosis, and intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in human spermatozoa before and after induction of oxidative stress","volume":"93","author":"Mahfouz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1994.tb05932.x","article-title":"The prevalence and incidence of convulsive disorders in children","volume":"35","author":"Hauser","year":"1994","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.13278","article-title":"Varicocoele-associated male infertility: Cellular and molecular perspectives of pathophysiology","volume":"10","author":"Arya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-30567-7_5","article-title":"Sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction in mammalian sperm","volume":"220","author":"Stival","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.03.047","article-title":"Dual sensing of physiologic pH and calcium by EFCAB9 regulates sperm motility","volume":"177","author":"Hwang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.1990.tb03228.x","article-title":"Kinematics of human spermatozoa incubated under capacitating conditions","volume":"11","author":"Mortimer","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.07.186","article-title":"Capacitation-associated changes in spermatozoa from varicocele patients","volume":"84","author":"Buffone","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/13.8.2139","article-title":"Effect of seminal plasma on capacitation and hyperactivation in human spermatozoa","volume":"13","author":"Mortimer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib53","first-page":"125","article-title":"Comparison between the quality and function of sperm after semen processing with two different methods","volume":"3","author":"Hammadeh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0640391","article-title":"Morphological selection of human spermatozoa in\u00a0vivo and in\u00a0vitro","volume":"64","author":"Mortimer","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Reprod Fertil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2006.04.027","article-title":"Positive role of reactive oxygen species in mammalian sperm capacitation: triggering and modulation of phosphorylation events","volume":"41","author":"O\u2019Flaherty","year":"2006","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(94)00169-K","article-title":"Capacitation-associated production of superoxide anion by human spermatozoa","volume":"18","author":"de Lamirande","year":"1995","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/3.3.175","article-title":"Capacitation as a regulatory event that primes spermatozoa for the acrosome reaction and fertilization","volume":"3","author":"de Lamirande","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.111.5.645","article-title":"A novel signal transduction cascade in capacitating human spermatozoa characterised by a redox-regulated, cAMP-mediated induction of tyrosine phosphorylation","volume":"111","author":"Aitken","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.1030017","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and enzymatic defence systems in human spermatozoa","volume":"103","author":"Griveau","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Reprod Fertil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.135123","article-title":"Oxidative phosphorylation versus glycolysis: what fuel do spermatozoa use?","volume":"17","author":"du Plessis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.22871","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species as mediators of sperm capacitation and pathological damage","author":"Aitken","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Reprod Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2010.3186","article-title":"Redox regulation of human sperm function: from the physiological control of sperm capacitation to the etiology of infertility and dna damage in the germ line","volume":"14","author":"Aitken","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0272.2003.00564.x","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species induce reversible capacitation in human spermatozoa","volume":"35","author":"Villegas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.2001.tb02221.x","article-title":"A redox-regulated tyrosine phosphorylation cascade in rat spermatozoa","volume":"22","author":"Lewis","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.102.012716","article-title":"Endogenous redox activity in mouse spermatozoa and its role in regulating the tyrosine phosphorylation events\u00a0associated with sperm capacitation","volume":"69","author":"Ecroyd","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(03)00144-4","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species promote tyrosine phosphorylation and capacitation in equine spermatozoa","volume":"60","author":"Baumber","year":"2003","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.103.020487","article-title":"Role of hydrogen peroxide in sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction","volume":"70","author":"Rivlin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-1-108","article-title":"Sperm preparation for ART","volume":"1","author":"Henkel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.115.133231","article-title":"Acrosomal swelling is triggered by cAMP downstream of the opening of store-operated calcium channels during acrosomal exocytosis in Human Sperm","volume":"94","author":"Sosa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gau110","article-title":"Kinetics of human sperm acrosomal exocytosis","volume":"21","author":"Sosa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.03.002","article-title":"Recording and sorting live human sperm undergoing acrosome reaction","volume":"97","author":"Zoppino","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019516","article-title":"Classification of male factor infertility relevant to in-vitro fertilization insemination strategies using mannose ligands, acrosome status and anti-cytoskeletal antibodies","volume":"11","author":"Benoff","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4925","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V87.12.4925.bloodjournal87124925","article-title":"Flow cytometry: a clinical test of platelet function","volume":"87","author":"Michelson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["F&S Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666335X23000289?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666335X23000289?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T21:07:56Z","timestamp":1762981676000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666335X23000289"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S2666335X23000289"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-335X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-335X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Understanding the impact of varicocele on sperm capacitation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"F&S Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xfss.2023.05.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Reproductive Medicine.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}