{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T21:09:29Z","timestamp":1788815369599,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004322","name":"Shiseido Co Ltd","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jidinnovations.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JID Innovations"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T17:00:35Z","timestamp":1775667635000},"page":"100475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lymphangiogenesis in hypercholesterolemic skin: A comparative study of xanthomatous and non-xanthomatous lesions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1549-6374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enkhtuul","family":"Gantumur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3552-2303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nao","family":"Itai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8153-8077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuki","family":"Takagaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0234-8241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Mitsukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7075-6602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinsuke","family":"Akita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5224-7051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kentaro","family":"Kajiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2018.03.087","article-title":"Severe xanthomatosis in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia","volume":"12","author":"Aljenedil","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2005.06.087","article-title":"Tendon xanthomas in familial hypercholesterolemia are associated with a differential inflammatory response of macrophages to oxidized LDL","volume":"579","author":"Artieda","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65285-6","article-title":"Angiosarcomas express mixed endothelial phenotypes of blood and lymphatic capillaries: podoplanin as a specific marker for lymphatic endothelium","volume":"154","author":"Breiteneder-Geleff","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2024.05.017","article-title":"Breast cancer-related lymphedema results in impaired epidermal differentiation and tight junction dysfunction","volume":"145","author":"Campbell","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5497","article-title":"Xanthelasmata, arcus corneae, and ischaemic vascular disease and death in general population: prospective cohort study","volume":"343","author":"Christoffersen","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2021.106066","article-title":"Primary hypercholesterolemia and development of cardiovascular disorders: cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in low-grade systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction","volume":"139","author":"Collado","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.1098408","article-title":"Multiple aspects of lymphatic dysfunction in an ApoE-\/- mouse model of hypercholesterolemia","volume":"13","author":"Davis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2012.1043","article-title":"The effect of vascular endothelial growth factor C expression in tumor-associated macrophages on lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in breast cancer","volume":"6","author":"Ding","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12612790","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E deficiency leads to cutaneous foam cell formation in mice","volume":"104","author":"Feingold","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200110122","article-title":"Claudin-based tight junctions are crucial for the mammalian epidermal barrier: a lesson from claudin-1-deficient mice","volume":"156","author":"Furuse","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.04.033","article-title":"An important role of VEGF-C in promoting lymphedema development","volume":"137","author":"Gousopoulos","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000000921","article-title":"Inflammatory mediators in xanthelasma palpebrarum: histopathologic and immunohistochemical study","volume":"34","author":"Govorkova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2015.00182","article-title":"The role of the lymphatic system in cholesterol transport","volume":"6","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1093\/ced\/llad431","article-title":"Foamy macrophages are proinflammatory and express TREM2 in eruptive xanthomas","volume":"49","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2023.08.014","article-title":"Lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic zippering in skin associated with the progression of lymphedema","volume":"144","author":"Itai","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-011-0848-6","article-title":"Macrophages are important mediators of either tumor- or inflammation-induced lymphangiogenesis","volume":"69","author":"Ji","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2018.07.006","article-title":"Light-sheet microscopy reveals site-specific 3-dimensional patterns of the cutaneous vasculature and pronounced rarefication in aged skin","volume":"92","author":"Kajiya","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2007.05.003","article-title":"Reduction of lymphatic vessels in photodamaged human skin","volume":"47","author":"Kajiya","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1776","article-title":"Evidence for lymphangiogenesis and its prognostic implications in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"206","author":"Kyzas","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.11.017","article-title":"Oxidized LDL triggers changes in oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in human macrophages","volume":"15","author":"Lara-Guzm\u00e1n","year":"2018","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.312","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor-C and -D are involved in lymphangiogenesis in mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction","volume":"83","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.110108","article-title":"Distinct activation of M1 and M2 macrophages in the primary pterygium lymphangiogenesis","volume":"248","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hjc.2017.04.002","article-title":"Large subcutaneous multi-xanthoma in familial hypercholesterolemia","volume":"59","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hellenic J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.080963","article-title":"Hypercholesterolemic mice exhibit lymphatic vessel dysfunction and degeneration","volume":"175","author":"Lim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.04.002","article-title":"Lymphatic vessels are essential for the removal of cholesterol from peripheral tissues by SR-BI-mediated transport of HDL","volume":"17","author":"Lim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib22","article-title":"Crosstalk between cholesterol metabolism and psoriatic inflammation","volume":"14","author":"Luo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI63685","article-title":"Lymphatic vasculature mediates macrophage reverse cholesterol transport in mice","volume":"123","author":"Martel","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2019.03.008","article-title":"Hypercholesterolemia in young adult APOE-\/- mice alters epidermal lipid composition and impairs barrier function","volume":"1864","author":"Martins Cardoso","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI23874","article-title":"Inflammation-induced lymphangiogenesis in the cornea arises from CD11b-positive macrophages","volume":"115","author":"Maruyama","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9080915","article-title":"Recognition of oxidized lipids by macrophages and its role in atherosclerosis development","volume":"9","author":"Mushenkova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2005.01.001","article-title":"Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis and expression of lymphangiogenic factors in the atherosclerotic intima of human coronary arteries","volume":"36","author":"Nakano","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.GL2022","article-title":"Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) guidelines for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases 2022","volume":"31","author":"Okamura","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Atheroscler Thromb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1267\/ahc.14027","article-title":"Notch signaling may be involved in the abnormal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes in psoriasis","volume":"47","author":"Ota","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI71610","article-title":"Lymphatic transport of high-density lipoproteins and chylomicrons","volume":"124","author":"Randolph","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib30","first-page":"1310","article-title":"Xanthelasma palpebrarum: a review and current management principles","volume":"110","author":"Rohrich","year":"2002","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/235797","article-title":"Macrophage differentiation from monocytes is influenced by the lipid oxidation degree of low density lipoprotein","volume":"2015","author":"Seo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2610","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19092610","article-title":"Oxidized low-density lipoprotein-deteriorated psoriasis is associated with the upregulation of Lox-1 receptor and IL-23 expression in vivo and in vitro","volume":"19","author":"Shih","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10020331","article-title":"Oxidatively Modified LDL Suppresses lymphangiogenesis via CD36 signaling","volume":"10","author":"Singla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1016","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00329.2010","article-title":"Adipose tissue macrophages in insulin-resistant subjects are associated with collagen VI and fibrosis and demonstrate alternative activation","volume":"299","author":"Spencer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2490","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201500112","article-title":"Phenotypic transformation of intimal and adventitial lymphatics in atherosclerosis: a regulatory role for soluble VEGF receptor 2","volume":"30","author":"Taher","year":"2016","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.15041","article-title":"Lymphatic expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 is linked to sentinel node positivity, recurrence and mortality in primary cutaneous melanoma","volume":"33","author":"Tan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(94)05419-J","article-title":"Atypical xanthomatosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice after cholesterol feeding","volume":"112","author":"van Ree","year":"1995","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S84","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001310","article-title":"Relationship between xanthelasma palpebrarum and hyperlipidemia","volume":"80","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib39","article-title":"Macrophage polarization states in atherosclerosis","volume":"14","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38227","article-title":"Hypercholesterolemia and risk of incident psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis in US women","volume":"66","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2017.05.003","article-title":"Imiquimod induced ApoE-deficient mice might be a composite animal model for the study of psoriasis and dyslipideamia comorbidity","volume":"88","author":"Xie","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3340009","article-title":"Identification of the lectin-like receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein in human macrophages and its potential role as a scavenger receptor","volume":"334","author":"Yoshida","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M600370-JLR200","article-title":"Inflammation and skin cholesterol in LDLr-\/-, apoA-I-\/- mice: link between cholesterol homeostasis and self-tolerance?","volume":"48","author":"Zabalawi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.5507\/bp.2014.016","article-title":"Xanthomas: clinical and pathophysiological relations","volume":"158","author":"Zak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-020-03385-x","article-title":"Lymphangiogenesis in renal fibrosis arises from macrophages via VEGF-C\/VEGFR3-dependent autophagy and polarization","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"}],"container-title":["JID Innovations"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667026726000287?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667026726000287?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T20:49:22Z","timestamp":1788814162000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2667026726000287"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S2667026726000287"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475","relation":{},"ISSN":["2667-0267"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2667-0267","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Lymphangiogenesis in hypercholesterolemic skin: A comparative study of xanthomatous and non-xanthomatous lesions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JID Innovations","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xjidi.2026.100475","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Investigative Dermatology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100475"}}