{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T10:29:10Z","timestamp":1775816950709,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,28]],"date-time":"2022-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008237","name":"Department of Surgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008237","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011302","name":"Children's Hospital Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011302","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jtcvsopen.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JTCVS Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]],"date-time":"2022-05-04T21:54:13Z","timestamp":1651701253000},"page":"342-349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Chronic hypoxemia induces mitochondrial respiratory complex gene expression in the fetal sheep brain"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"James K.","family":"Moon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kendall M.","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mallory L.","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus G.","family":"Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan W.","family":"Flake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Licht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Todd J.","family":"Kilbaugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. William","family":"Gaynor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel P.","family":"Beiting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)01886-7","article-title":"The incidence of congenital heart disease","volume":"39","author":"Hoffman","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e833","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0397","article-title":"Cardiovascular malformations among preterm infants","volume":"116","author":"Tanner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.946343","article-title":"Temporal trends in survival to adulthood among patients born with congenital heart disease from 1970 to 1992 in Belgium","volume":"122","author":"Moons","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-3825","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental outcomes after cardiac surgery in infancy","volume":"135","author":"Gaynor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(03)00711-6","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental status at eight years in children with dextro-transposition of the great arteries: the Boston Circulatory Arrest Trial","volume":"126","author":"Bellinger","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e003074","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.116.003074","article-title":"Academic outcomes in children with congenital heart defects: a population-based cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Oster","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e759","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1066","article-title":"Inattention, hyperactivity, and school performance in a population of school-age children with complex congenital heart disease","volume":"121","author":"Shillingford","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2009.08.022","article-title":"Brain immaturity is associated with brain injury before and after neonatal cardiac surgery with high-flow bypass and cerebral oxygenation monitoring","volume":"139","author":"Andropoulos","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2008.10.025","article-title":"Brain maturation is delayed in infants with complex congenital heart defects","volume":"137","author":"Licht","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.865568","article-title":"Brain volume and metabolism in fetuses with congenital heart disease: evaluation with quantitative magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy","volume":"121","author":"Limperopoulos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013051","article-title":"Reduced fetal cerebral oxygen consumption is associated with smaller brain size in fetuses with congenital heart disease","volume":"131","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3181827bf4","article-title":"Prenatal head growth and white matter injury in hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"64","author":"Hinton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2018.12.093","article-title":"Chronic intrauterine hypoxia alters neurodevelopment in fetal sheep","volume":"157","author":"Lawrence","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib14","article-title":"Prenatal hypoxemia alters microglial morphology in fetal sheep","author":"Lawrence","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2019.08.021","article-title":"Ex utero extracorporeal support as a model for fetal hypoxia and brain dysmaturity","volume":"109","author":"McGovern","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1489","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00697.2009","article-title":"Late-gestational systemic hypoxia leads to a similar early gene response in mouse placenta and developing brain","volume":"299","author":"Trollmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2019.02.091","article-title":"Transcriptome profiling reveals activation of inflammation and apoptosis in the neonatal striatum after deep hypothermic circulatory arrest","volume":"158","author":"Tu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0148465","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148465","article-title":"Transcriptomics modeling of the late-gestation fetal pituitary response to transient hypoxia","volume":"11","author":"Wood","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15112","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15112","article-title":"An extra-uterine system to physiologically support the extreme premature lamb","volume":"8","author":"Partridge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-012-0108-y","article-title":"The instrumented fetal sheep as a model of cerebral white matter injury in the premature infant","volume":"9","author":"Back","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib21","first-page":"H100","article-title":"Effects of cord compression on fetal blood flow distribution and O2 delivery","volume":"252","author":"Itskovitz","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2016.05.027","article-title":"Cerebral oxygen delivery is reduced in newborns with congenital heart disease","volume":"152","author":"Lim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-018-0091-3","article-title":"Mitochondria as central regulators of neural stem cell fate and cognitive function","volume":"20","author":"Khacho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e015032","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.015032","article-title":"Oxygen exposure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is associated with cerebral oxidative injury in a randomized, blinded, controlled, preclinical trial","volume":"9","author":"Marquez","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2017.03.034","article-title":"Mitochondria control acute and chronic responses to hypoxia","volume":"356","author":"McElroy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2012.666398","article-title":"Mitochondria and perinatal brain injury","volume":"25","author":"Rousset","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19126","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0508215102","article-title":"Complex I deficiency primes Bax-dependent neuronal apoptosis through mitochondrial oxidative damage","volume":"102","author":"Perier","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2160","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-016-1931-z","article-title":"The effect of aging on mitochondrial complex I and the extent of oxidative stress in the rat brain cortex","volume":"41","author":"Tatarkova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X18770331","article-title":"Deactivation of mitochondrial complex I after hypoxia-ischemia in the immature brain","volume":"39","author":"Stepanova","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19095","article-title":"Structure of mammalian respiratory complex I","volume":"536","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2017.00058","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Rett syndrome: implications for mitochondria-targeted therapies","volume":"11","author":"Shulyakova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezaa439","article-title":"Increased cerebral mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species with cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"59","author":"Volk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.02.012","article-title":"Mitochondrial composition and function under the control of hypoxia","volume":"12","author":"Fuhrmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2012.36","article-title":"Hypoxia-driven pathways in bone development, regeneration and disease","volume":"8","author":"Maes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1159\/000488283","article-title":"Chronically hypoxic fetal lambs supported by an extra-uterine device exhibit mitochondrial dysfunction and elevations of hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha","volume":"45","author":"Rossidis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fetal Diagn Ther"}],"container-title":["JTCVS Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666273622002078?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666273622002078?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T20:48:28Z","timestamp":1762980508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666273622002078"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S2666273622002078"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-2736"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-2736","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Chronic hypoxemia induces mitochondrial respiratory complex gene expression in the fetal sheep brain","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JTCVS Open","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.04.040","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The American Association for Thoracic Surgery.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}