{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T11:28:39Z","timestamp":1788953319787,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]],"date-time":"2021-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ophthalmologyscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,11]],"date-time":"2021-07-11T09:38:46Z","timestamp":1625996326000},"page":"100039","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Macular Pigment Response to Lutein, Zeaxanthin, and Meso-zeaxanthin Supplementation in Open-Angle Glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"James","family":"Loughman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Loskutova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John S.","family":"Butler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"We Fong","family":"Siah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colm","family":"O\u2019Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.3192","article-title":"The pathophysiology and treatment of glaucoma","volume":"311","author":"Weinreb","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2012.08.003","article-title":"Glaucomatous damage of the macula","volume":"32","author":"Hood","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-9071.2003.00712.x","article-title":"Associations between glaucomatous visual field loss and participation in activities of daily living","volume":"31","author":"Noe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e32832401a9","article-title":"Glaucoma and disability: which tasks are affected, and at what stage of disease?","volume":"20","author":"Ramulu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.02.001","article-title":"Glaucoma and mobility performance. The Salisbury Eye Evaluation Project","volume":"114","author":"Friedman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0158318","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158318","article-title":"Glaucoma and driving: on-road driving characteristics.","volume":"11","author":"Wood","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3035","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-1609","article-title":"Glaucoma and on-road driving performance","volume":"49","author":"Haymes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib8","first-page":"844","article-title":"Global data on visual impairment in the year 2002","volume":"82","author":"Resnikoff","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.081224","article-title":"The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020","volume":"90","author":"Quigley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.08.037","article-title":"Impact of visual field loss on health-related quality of life in glaucoma","volume":"115","author":"McKean-Cowdin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-016-0333-6","article-title":"Quality of life in glaucoma: a review of the literature","volume":"33","author":"Quaranta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1998.tb01014.x","article-title":"Visual impairment and falls in older adults: The Blue Mountains Eye Study","volume":"46","author":"Ivers","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0886","article-title":"Risk of falls and motor vehicle collisions in glaucoma","volume":"48","author":"Haymes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0b013e31816299d4","article-title":"High prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"17","author":"Mabuchi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Glaucoma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.5935\/0004-2749.20160030","article-title":"Cognitive performance of primary open-angle glaucoma and normal-tension glaucoma patients","volume":"79","author":"Bulut","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arq Bras Oftalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-017-0658-4","article-title":"Cognitive evaluation of patients with glaucoma and its comparison with individuals with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"38","author":"Maurano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2015.120","article-title":"Dementia is associated with open-angle glaucoma: a population-based study","volume":"29","author":"Chung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002833","article-title":"Association between glaucoma and the risk of dementia","volume":"95","author":"Su","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702780","article-title":"Macular pigment in the human retina: histological evaluation of localization and distribution","volume":"22","author":"Trieschmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000174","article-title":"Supplementation with three different macular carotenoid formulations in patients with early age-related macular degeneration","volume":"34","author":"Sabour-Pickett","year":"2014","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000551","article-title":"Macular pigment optical density is lower in type 2 diabetes, compared with type 1 diabetes and normal controls","volume":"35","author":"Scanlon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1017\/S095442241900012X","article-title":"A\u00a0review of the putative causal mechanisms associated with lower macular pigment in diabetes mellitus","volume":"32","author":"Scanlon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutr Res Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2013-303153","article-title":"Evidence of lower macular pigment optical density in chronic open angle glaucoma","volume":"97","author":"Igras","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.06.028","article-title":"Lower macular pigment optical density in foveal-involved glaucoma","volume":"122","author":"Siah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib25","first-page":"2792103","article-title":"Macular pigment optical density in Chinese primary open angle glaucoma using the one-wavelength reflectometry method","volume":"2016","author":"Ji","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6010452","article-title":"Association between lutein and zeaxanthin status and the risk of cataract: a meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9207","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8025","article-title":"Supplementation with all three macular carotenoids: response, stability, and safety","volume":"52","author":"Connolly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2013.02.007","article-title":"Safety evaluation of meso-zeaxanthin","volume":"32","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib29","author":"Johnson"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/00061198-200304000-00009","article-title":"Quality of life in glaucoma and its relationship with visual function","volume":"12","author":"Nelson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Glaucoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2017.12.015","article-title":"Reliability of a two-wavelength autofluorescence technique by Heidelberg Spectralis to measure macular pigment optical density in Asian subjects","volume":"168","author":"Obana","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2020.1815792","article-title":"Macular pigment optical density fluctuation as a function of pupillary mydriasis: methodological considerations for dual-wavelength autofluorescence","volume":"46","author":"Loskutova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res. 2020"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-310215","article-title":"Macular pigment is associated with glare-affected visual function and central visual field loss in glaucoma","volume":"102","author":"Siah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1177\/193229681200600603","article-title":"Simultaneous noninvasive clinical measurement of lens autofluorescence and Rayleigh scattering using a fluorescence biomicroscope","volume":"6","author":"Burd","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Diabetes Sci Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296813516955","article-title":"Measurement of lens autofluorescence can distinguish subjects with diabetes from those without","volume":"8","author":"Cahn","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Diabetes Sci Technol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0420.1999.770504.x","article-title":"Lens autofluorescence and light scatter in relation to the lens opacities classification system, LOCS III","volume":"77","author":"Siik","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2552","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-19141","article-title":"The impact of cataract, and its surgical removal, on measures of macular pigment using the Heidelberg Spectralis HRA+OCT MultiColor device","volume":"57","author":"Akuffo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03203630","article-title":"GPOWER: a general power analysis program","volume":"28","author":"Erdfelder","year":"1996","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib39","author":"Lawrence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib40","series-title":"Ggplot2. Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis","author":"Wickham","year":"2016"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optm.2011.08.008","article-title":"Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of zeaxanthin and visual function in patients with atrophic age-related macular degeneration: The Zeaxanthin and Visual Function Study (ZVF) FDA IND #78, 973","volume":"82","author":"Richer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Optometry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10715","article-title":"Lutein supplementation over a one-year period in early AMD might have a mild beneficial effect on visual acuity: the CLEAR study","volume":"54","author":"Murray","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7871","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10690","article-title":"The impact of macular pigment augmentation on visual performance using different carotenoid formulations","volume":"53","author":"Loughman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8070426","article-title":"Lutein, zeaxanthin and meso-zeaxanthin supplementation associated with macular pigment optical density","volume":"8","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5347","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-21192","article-title":"The impact of supplemental antioxidants on visual function in nonadvanced age-related macular degeneration: a head-to-head randomized clinical trial","volume":"58","author":"Akuffo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4471","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-24170","article-title":"Macular pigment and visual function in patients with glaucoma: The San Diego Macular Pigment Study","volume":"59","author":"Daga","year":"2018","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib47","first-page":"1582","article-title":"Low macular pigment levels are associated with manifest primary open-angle glaucoma in the Carotenoids in Age-Related Eye Disease Study Author Block","volume":"62","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2011.02.013","article-title":"Cataract is a self-defence reaction to protect the retina from oxidative damage","volume":"76","author":"Wegner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1097\/00061198-199906000-00012","article-title":"Vascular dysregulation: a principal risk factor for glaucomatous damage?","volume":"8","author":"Flammer","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Glaucoma"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.3390\/nu5061962","article-title":"Macular pigment and its contribution to vision","volume":"5","author":"Loskutova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/S1888-4296(10)70011-X","article-title":"Macular pigment and its contribution to visual performance and experience","volume":"3","author":"Loughman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Optom"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.2174\/138161212798919101","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of lutein in the retina","volume":"18","author":"Ozawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.10.003","article-title":"Lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin: the basic and clinical science underlying carotenoid-based nutritional interventions against ocular disease","volume":"50","author":"Bernstein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.11.003","article-title":"Glaucoma 2.0: neuroprotection, neuroregeneration, neuroenhancement","volume":"119","author":"Chang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11051002","article-title":"Dietary antioxidants, macular pigment, and glaucomatous neurodegeneration: a review of the evidence","volume":"11","author":"Lawler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(03)00114-1","article-title":"Oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid damage in the eyes of glaucoma patients","volume":"114","author":"Izzotti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.4.458","article-title":"Oxidative DNA damage in the human trabecular meshwork: clinical correlation in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"123","author":"Sacc\u00e0","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5515","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6870","article-title":"The role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation in homocysteine-induced death of retinal ganglion cells","volume":"52","author":"Ganapathy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2009.06.004","article-title":"Acute energy reduction induces caspase-dependent apoptosis and activates p53 in retinal ganglion cells (RGC-5)","volume":"89","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2004.06.001","article-title":"Retinal oxidative stress induced by high intraocular pressure","volume":"37","author":"Moreno","year":"2004","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2012.08.010","article-title":"The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of glaucoma","volume":"58","author":"Vohra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2404","article-title":"Immediate upregulation of proteins belonging to different branches of the apoptotic cascade in the retina after optic nerve transection and optic nerve crush","volume":"50","author":"Agudo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(02)00003-4","article-title":"Macular pigment: influences on visual acuity and visibility","volume":"21","author":"Wooten","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.23.011702.073307","article-title":"Biologic mechanisms of the protective role of lutein and zeaxanthin in the eye","volume":"23","author":"Krinsky","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.83.5.546","article-title":"Patients\u2019 perception of visual impairment in glaucoma: a pilot study","volume":"83","author":"Nelson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.08.040","article-title":"Secondary outcomes in a clinical trial of carotenoids with coantioxidants versus placebo in early age-related macular degeneration","volume":"120","author":"Beatty","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2006.12.010","article-title":"Changes in macular pigment optical density and serum concentrations of its constituent carotenoids following supplemental lutein and zeaxanthin: the LUNA study","volume":"84","author":"Trieschmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s40662-016-0060-8","article-title":"Macular carotenoid supplementation improves disability glare performance and dynamics of photostress recovery","volume":"3","author":"Stringham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eye Vis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e318162266e","article-title":"Macular pigment and visual performance under glare conditions","volume":"85","author":"Stringham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2018.09.005","article-title":"Nutritional supplementation in the treatment of glaucoma: a systematic review","volume":"64","author":"Loskutova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(01)00299-5","article-title":"Identification of progressive glaucomatous visual field loss","volume":"47","author":"Spry","year":"2002","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.01.027","article-title":"Frequency of testing to detect visual field progression derived using a longitudinal cohort of glaucoma patients","volume":"124","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.135012","article-title":"Practical recommendations for measuring rates of visual field change in glaucoma","volume":"92","author":"Chauhan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.09.026","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized trial of brimonidine versus timolol in preserving visual function: results from the Low-Pressure Glaucoma Treatment Study","volume":"151","author":"Krupin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666914521000373?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666914521000373?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T06:19:38Z","timestamp":1763014778000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666914521000373"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2666914521000373"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-9145"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-9145","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Macular Pigment Response to Lutein, Zeaxanthin, and Meso-zeaxanthin Supplementation in Open-Angle Glaucoma","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xops.2021.100039","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100039"}}