{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T20:12:21Z","timestamp":1772050341659,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018625","name":"Science and Technology Innovation Plan Of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23Y11909800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23Y11909800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2502800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2502800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017950","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20244Z0015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20244Z0015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017950","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024ZZ1025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024ZZ1025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271069"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81670835"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81670835"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81470613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81470613"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81970780"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81970780"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81870642"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81870642"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82122017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82122017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ophthalmologyscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T19:50:59Z","timestamp":1747857059000},"page":"100831","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Grip Strength and Age-Related Ocular Diseases: Insights from Observational, Mendelian Randomization, and Mediation Analyses"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Chao","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongling","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiao","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keke","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenwen","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yih Chung","family":"Tham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6131-9582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangjia","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)62349-7","article-title":"Grip strength and mortality: a biomarker of ageing?","volume":"386","author":"Sayer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13110","article-title":"Grip strength is inversely associated with DNA methylation age acceleration","volume":"14","author":"Peterson","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12793","article-title":"Associations of grip strength, walking pace, and the risk of incident dementia: a prospective cohort study of 340212 participants","volume":"19","author":"Kuo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib4","article-title":"Associations of grip strength with cardiovascular, respiratory, and cancer outcomes and all cause mortality: prospective cohort study of half a million UK Biobank participants","volume":"361","author":"Celis-Morales","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3232","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx449","article-title":"Association of walking pace and handgrip strength with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: a UK Biobank observational study","volume":"38","author":"Yates","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2023.0183","article-title":"Physical frailty, genetic predisposition, and incident Parkinson disease","volume":"80","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e58","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(20)30007-6","article-title":"Associations between physical frailty and dementia incidence: a prospective study from UK Biobank","volume":"1","author":"Petermann-Rocha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.12.049","article-title":"Frailty and age-related macular degeneration: the Beaver Dam Eye Study","volume":"140","author":"Klein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2022-321404","article-title":"Hand grip strength and ocular associations: the Ural Eye and Medical Study","volume":"107","author":"Bikbov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-316255","article-title":"Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and handgrip strength with age-related macular degeneration: a population-based study","volume":"105","author":"Katsimpris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.04.035","article-title":"Frailty and age-related cataract","volume":"113","author":"Klein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2624","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101574","article-title":"A joint analysis of metabolomic profiles associated with muscle mass and strength in Caucasian women","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.07.020","article-title":"Grip strength is associated with longitudinal health maintenance and improvement in adolescents","volume":"202","author":"Peterson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2019.01.011","article-title":"Handgrip strength is inversely associated with metabolic syndrome and its separate components in middle aged and older adults: a large-scale population-based study","volume":"93","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.01.010","article-title":"Associations of muscle mass and grip strength with severe NAFLD: a prospective study of 333,295 UK Biobank participants","volume":"76","author":"Petermann-Rocha","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13923","article-title":"Causal associations of sarcopenia-related traits with cardiometabolic disease and Alzheimer's disease and the mediating role of insulin resistance: a Mendelian randomization study","volume":"22","author":"Ye","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.7.1198","article-title":"Diabetes and risk of fracture: the Blue Mountains Eye Study","volume":"24","author":"Ivers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.09.013","article-title":"High-density lipoprotein 3 cholesterol and primary open-angle glaucoma: metabolomics and mendelian randomization analyses","volume":"129","author":"Nusinovici","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2018.04.006","article-title":"A new perspective on lipid research in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"67","author":"van Leeuwen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001779","article-title":"UK biobank: an open access resource for identifying the causes of a wide range of complex diseases of middle and old age","volume":"12","author":"Sudlow","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.07.065","article-title":"Differential associations of myopia with major age-related eye diseases: the Singapore Indian Eye Study","volume":"120","author":"Pan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2023.06.009","article-title":"The association of physical activity with glaucoma and related traits in the UK Biobank","volume":"130","author":"Madjedi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2022.11.008","article-title":"The association of alcohol consumption with glaucoma and related traits: findings from the UK Biobank","volume":"6","author":"Stuart","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Glaucoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2023.3877","article-title":"Calcium channel blocker use and associated glaucoma and related traits among UK Biobank participants","volume":"141","author":"Kastner","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.06.003","article-title":"Alcohol and eye diseases","volume":"53","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2022-322325","article-title":"Smoking, dietary factors and major age-related eye disorders: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"108","author":"Kai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0081-8","article-title":"Physical activity, visual impairment, and eye disease","volume":"32","author":"Ong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010038","article-title":"Cross-sectional study of diet, physical activity, television viewing and sleep duration in 233,110 adults from the UK Biobank; the behavioural phenotype of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes","volume":"6","author":"Cassidy","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.01.016","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome and eye diseases","volume":"113","author":"Poh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102424","article-title":"Associations of severe liver diseases with cataract using data from UK Biobank: a prospective cohort study","volume":"68","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101413","article-title":"Association of a wide range of individual chronic diseases and their multimorbidity with brain volumes in the UK Biobank: a cross-sectional study","volume":"47","author":"Shang","year":"2022","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36231-7","article-title":"Atlas of plasma NMR biomarkers for health and disease in 118,461 individuals from the UK Biobank","volume":"14","author":"Julkunen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wocn.2018.09.004","article-title":"Strategies for addressing collinearity in multivariate linguistic data","volume":"71","author":"Tomaschek","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Phon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyy101","article-title":"Improving the visualization, interpretation and analysis of two-sample summary data Mendelian randomization via the Radial plot and Radial regression","volume":"47","author":"Bowden","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3595","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23873-8","article-title":"A large multiethnic GWAS meta-analysis of cataract identifies new risk loci and sex-specific effects","volume":"12","author":"Choquet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20851-4","article-title":"Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 127 open-angle glaucoma loci with consistent effect across ancestries","volume":"12","author":"Gharahkhani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3448","article-title":"A large genome-wide association study of age-related macular degeneration highlights contributions of rare and common variants","volume":"48","author":"Fritsche","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102236","article-title":"Social isolation, loneliness, and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: results from two large prospective cohorts in Europe and East Asia and Mendelian randomization","volume":"64","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15555.1","article-title":"Guidelines for performing Mendelian randomization investigations: update for summer 2023","volume":"4","author":"Burgess","year":"2019","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-017-0255-x","article-title":"Interpreting findings from Mendelian randomization using the MR-Egger method","volume":"32","author":"Burgess","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21965","article-title":"Consistent estimation in Mendelian randomization with some invalid instruments using a weighted median estimator","volume":"40","author":"Bowden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx102","article-title":"Robust inference in summary data Mendelian randomization via the zero modal pleiotropy assumption","volume":"46","author":"Hartwig","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2926","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6522","article-title":"Detecting pleiotropy in Mendelian randomisation studies with summary data and a continuous outcome","volume":"34","author":"Greco","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.34408","article-title":"The MR-Base platform supports systematic causal inference across the human phenome","volume":"7","author":"Hemani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.132844","article-title":"Ambient air pollution exposure, plasma metabolomic markers, and risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study","volume":"463","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031034","article-title":"Mediation analysis allowing for exposure-mediator interactions and causal interpretation: theoretical assumptions and implementation with SAS and SPSS macros","volume":"18","author":"Valeri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001378","article-title":"CMAverse: a suite of functions for reproducible causal mediation analyses","volume":"32","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2019.1597898","article-title":"Awareness of age-related macular degeneration in community-dwelling elderly persons in Germany","volume":"26","author":"Heinemann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2017.0830","article-title":"Prevalence of undiagnosed age-related macular degeneration in primary eye care","volume":"135","author":"Neely","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib50","article-title":"Lipid metabolism in sarcopenia","volume":"164","author":"Al","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01762-1","article-title":"Serum lipids and age-related lens opacities: a longitudinal investigation: the Framingham Studies","volume":"110","author":"Hiller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.09.045","article-title":"Increased high-density lipoprotein levels associated with age-related macular degeneration: evidence from the EYE-RISK and European Eye Epidemiology Consortia","volume":"126","author":"Colijn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-0793","article-title":"Serum apolipoprotein AI and B are stronger biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy than traditional lipids","volume":"34","author":"Sasongko","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12517","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103513","article-title":"Untargeted metabolomics for uncovering biological markers of human skeletal muscle ageing","volume":"12","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2807153","article-title":"Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in diabetic retinopathy: a narrative review","volume":"28","author":"Fathima","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2023.108440","article-title":"The essential role of docosahexaenoic acid and its derivatives for retinal integrity","volume":"247","author":"Swinkels","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2004.06.002","article-title":"The role of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in health and disease of the retina","volume":"24","author":"SanGiovanni","year":"2005","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2016.2906","article-title":"Dietary marine \u03c9-3 fatty acids and incident sight-threatening retinopathy in middle-aged and older individuals with type 2 diabetes: prospective investigation from the PREDIMED Trial","volume":"134","author":"Sala-Vila","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2023.102014","article-title":"Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in sarcopenia management: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"90","author":"Tseng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx246","article-title":"Comparison of sociodemographic and health-related characteristics of UK Biobank participants with those of the general population","volume":"186","author":"Fry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666914525001290?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666914525001290?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T19:43:02Z","timestamp":1772048582000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666914525001290"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2666914525001290"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-9145"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-9145","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Grip Strength and Age-Related Ocular Diseases: Insights from Observational, Mendelian Randomization, and Mediation Analyses","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100831","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100831"}}