{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T22:13:43Z","timestamp":1772057623317,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016244","name":"Health Foundation Limburg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016244","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003195","name":"Ministerie van Economische Zaken","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31O.041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31O.041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003195","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011095","name":"Care and Public Health Research Institute, Universiteit Maastricht","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004339","name":"Sanofi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019392","name":"NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004191","name":"Novo Nordisk","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004191","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011097","name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Universiteit Maastricht","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100032165","name":"Janssen Nederland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100032165","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009709","name":"Stichting De Weijerhorst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009709","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004529","name":"Stichting Sint Annadal","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004529","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ophthalmologyscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T11:16:09Z","timestamp":1751022969000},"page":"100870","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Plasma Sphingomyelins as Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinal Neurodegeneration: The Maastricht Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3754-1313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siddhita A.","family":"Jadhav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Birke J.","family":"Benedikter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara B.A.","family":"Mokhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank C.T.","family":"van der Heide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8516-8301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Govindasamy","family":"Kumaramanickavel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2989-1631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marleen M.J.","family":"van Greevenbroek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5605-740X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carroll A.B.","family":"Webers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8101-939X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tos T.J.M.","family":"Berendschot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2641","article-title":"Diabetic retinopathy: a position statement by the American Diabetes Association","volume":"40","author":"Solomon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.endmts.2023.100127","article-title":"Diabetic retinal neurodegeneration associated with synaptic proteins and functional defects: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Jadhav","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocr Metab Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6644691","article-title":"Multifocal electroretinogram can detect the abnormal retinal change in early stage of type2 DM patients without apparent diabetic retinopathy","volume":"2021","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Diabetes Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2022.2095010","article-title":"Structural and functional retinal changes in patients with type 2 diabetes without diabetic retinopathy","volume":"54","author":"Chai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-023-05986-5","article-title":"(Pre)diabetes and a higher level of glycaemic measures are continuously associated with corneal neurodegeneration assessed by corneal confocal microscopy: the Maastricht Study","volume":"66","author":"Mokhtar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.09.010","article-title":"Retinal and corneal neurodegeneration and their association with systemic signs of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes","volume":"209","author":"Hafner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.790255","article-title":"Neurodegeneration of the cornea and retina in patients with type 1 diabetes without clinical evidence of diabetic retinopathy","volume":"13","author":"Carmichael","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112197","article-title":"Updates on sphingolipids: spotlight on retinopathy","volume":"143","author":"Shiwani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.TR120000972","article-title":"Sphingolipids as critical players in retinal physiology and pathology","volume":"62","author":"Simon","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2013.02.005","article-title":"Beyond the cherry-red spot: ocular manifestations of sphingolipid-mediated neurodegenerative and inflammatory disorders","volume":"59","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharep.2015.12.008","article-title":"Regulation of sphingomyelin metabolism","volume":"68","author":"Bienias","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1137893","article-title":"Sphingolipids in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"17","author":"Pan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M063719","article-title":"Sphingolipid profile alters in retinal dystrophic P23H-1 rats and systemic FTY720 can delay retinal degeneration","volume":"57","author":"Stiles","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad452","article-title":"Metabolites as risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 12-year follow-up study","volume":"109","author":"Fernandes Silva","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2014.990984","article-title":"Description of the sphingolipid content and subspecies in the diabetic cornea","volume":"40","author":"Priyadarsini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib16","first-page":"3603","article-title":"Sphingolipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes and associated cardiovascular complications","volume":"18","author":"Sui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241814015","article-title":"Circulating sphingolipids in insulin resistance, diabetes and associated complications","volume":"24","author":"Hammad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.785124","article-title":"Sphingolipid profiling: a promising tool for stratifying the metabolic syndrome-associated risk","volume":"8","author":"Berkowitz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3573","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-0539","article-title":"Diabetes alters sphingolipid metabolism in the retina: a potential mechanism of cell death in diabetic retinopathy","volume":"55","author":"Fox","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4422","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-5134","article-title":"Retinal sphingolipids and their very-long-chain fatty acid\u2013containing species","volume":"51","author":"Brush","year":"2010","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2020.107734","article-title":"Role of ceramides in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and its complications","volume":"35","author":"Mandal","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-014-9889-0","article-title":"The Maastricht Study: an extensive phenotyping study on determinants of type 2 diabetes, its complications and its comorbidities","volume":"29","author":"Schram","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-230104","article-title":"Retinal functional and structural neural indices: potential biomarkers for the monitoring of cerebral neurodegeneration: the Maastricht Study","volume":"93","author":"van der Heide","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2832","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10112832","article-title":"Metabolomics in Diabetes and Diabetic Complications: Insightsdiabetes and diabetic complications: insights from epidemiological studies","volume":"10","author":"Jin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1039\/b910205a","article-title":"High-throughput serum NMR metabonomics for cost-effective holistic studies on systemic metabolism","volume":"134","author":"Soininen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGENETICS.114.000216","article-title":"Quantitative serum nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics in cardiovascular epidemiology and genetics","volume":"8","author":"Soininen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36231-7","article-title":"Atlas of plasma NMR biomarkers for health and disease in 118,461 individuals from the UK Biobank","volume":"14","author":"Julkunen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-020-05201-9","article-title":"Sphingomyelin and progression of renal and coronary heart disease in individuals with type 1 diabetes","volume":"63","author":"Pongrac Barlovic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-020-05146-z","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes and HbA1c are independently associated with wider retinal arterioles: the Maastricht study","volume":"63","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00172","article-title":"Changes in serum sphingomyelin after roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery are related to diabetes status","volume":"9","author":"Carlsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1060","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-4132","article-title":"Metabolic signature shift in type 2 diabetes mellitus revealed by mass spectrometry-based metabolomics","volume":"98","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advms.2022.06.001","article-title":"Sphingomyelin profiling in patients with diabetes could be potentially useful as differential diagnostics biomarker: a pilot study","volume":"67","author":"Soko\u0142owska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib33","article-title":"Modulation of sphingolipid metabolites in type 2 diabetic retinopathy","volume":"60","author":"Mondal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2018.12.005","article-title":"Analysis of sphingolipid composition in human vitreous from control and diabetic individuals","volume":"33","author":"Wilmott","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S266691452500168X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S266691452500168X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T21:13:08Z","timestamp":1772053988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S266691452500168X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S266691452500168X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-9145"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-9145","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Plasma Sphingomyelins as Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinal Neurodegeneration: The Maastricht Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xops.2025.100870","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100870"}}