{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T10:09:46Z","timestamp":1778926186256,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000305","name":"Sight Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TRN004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRN004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000305","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009187","name":"Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009187","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012618","name":"National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI_AWARD02488"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI_AWARD02488"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012618","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012618","name":"National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR203322"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR203322"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012618","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017645","name":"Moorfields Eye Charity","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MRF-JF-EH-23-122"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MRF-JF-EH-23-122"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ophthalmologyscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T16:49:13Z","timestamp":1765212553000},"page":"101033","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Visual Field Estimation in X-Linked Retinitis Pigmentosa Associated with Retinitis Pigmentosa GTPase Regulator (RPGR) from Image Analysis Using Artificial Intelligence"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4960-4510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malena","family":"Daich Varela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Woof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yathusha","family":"Kumarasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Monhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lynn","family":"Kandakji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gunjan","family":"Naik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pallavi","family":"Bagga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan Wilter","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dun Jack","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catey","family":"Bunce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Balaskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikolas","family":"Pontikos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Michaelides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2021-319994","article-title":"Functional evaluation in inherited retinal disease","volume":"106","author":"Daich Varela","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2710","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1913179117","article-title":"Worldwide carrier frequency and genetic prevalence of autosomal recessive inherited retinal diseases","volume":"117","author":"Hanany","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2010.03.004","article-title":"The molecular basis of human retinal and vitreoretinal diseases","volume":"29","author":"Berger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004015","article-title":"A comparison of the causes of blindness certifications in England and Wales in working age adults (16-64 years), 1999-2000 with 2009-2010","volume":"4","author":"Liew","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1080\/13816810.2021.1913610","article-title":"Inherited retinal diseases are the most common cause of blindness in the working-age population in Australia","volume":"42","author":"Heath Jeffery","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69740-7","article-title":"Retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"368","author":"Hartong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2021-319228","article-title":"Structural evaluation in inherited retinal diseases","volume":"105","author":"Daich Varela","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-4-7","article-title":"Revision of visual impairment definitions in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases","volume":"4","author":"Dandona","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.04.022","article-title":"Deep learning estimation of 10-2 and 24-2 visual field metrics based on thickness maps from macula OCT","volume":"128","author":"Christopher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-315600","article-title":"Deep learning model to predict visual field in central 10\u00b0 from optical coherence tomography measurement in glaucoma","volume":"105","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3617","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2003","article-title":"A new method to monitor visual field defects caused by photoreceptor degeneration by quantitative optical coherence tomography","volume":"49","author":"Fischer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2022.6393","article-title":"Estimation of visual function using deep learning from ultra-widefield fundus images of eyes with retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"141","author":"Nagasato","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21030835","article-title":"RPGR-associated dystrophies: clinical, genetic, and histopathological features","volume":"21","author":"Nguyen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.3390\/genes9120643","article-title":"Exploring the variable phenotypes of RPGR carrier females in assessing their potential for retinal gene therapy","volume":"9","author":"Nanda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307698","article-title":"RPGR-associated retinopathy: clinical features, molecular genetics, animal models and therapeutic options","volume":"100","author":"Tee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.124008","article-title":"Functional correlates of fundus autofluorescence abnormalities in patients with RPGR or RIMS1 mutations causing cone or cone rod dystrophy","volume":"92","author":"Robson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e318206d155","article-title":"Serial imaging and structure-function correlates of high-density rings of fundus autofluorescence in retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"31","author":"Robson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.10.003","article-title":"Natural history study of retinal structure, progression, and symmetry using ellipzoid zone metrics in RPGR-associated retinopathy","volume":"198","author":"Tee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib19","article-title":"Quantification of optical coherence tomography features in >3500 patients with inherited retinal disease reveals novel genotype-phenotype associations","author":"Woof","year":"2025","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e665","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(21)00134-5","article-title":"Clinically relevant deep learning for detection and quantification of geographic atrophy from optical coherence tomography: a model development and external validation study","volume":"3","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Digit Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.03.24.24304809","article-title":"Quantification of fundus autofluorescence features in a molecularly characterized cohort of more than 3500 inherited retinal disease patients from the United Kingdom","volume":"5","author":"Woof","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib22","series-title":"Visual Field Digest: A Guide to Perimetry and the Octopus Perimeter","volume":"289","author":"Racette","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-306784","article-title":"Ophthalmic statistics note 7: multiple hypothesis testing\u2014to adjust or not to adjust","volume":"99","author":"Cipriani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/00061198-200304000-00009","article-title":"Quality of life in glaucoma and its relationship with visual function","volume":"12","author":"Nelson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib25","series-title":"Comparative Study)","article-title":"Challenges of Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) Patients in Iran and Sweden (A","author":"Simarasl","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.2.001106","article-title":"Method for deriving visual field boundaries from OCT scans of patients with retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"2","author":"Hood","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1217270","article-title":"Determination of length of interdigitation zone by optical coherence tomography and retinal sensitivity by microperimetry and their relationship to progression of retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"2019","author":"Chiba","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0232700","article-title":"The qualitative assessment of optical coherence tomography and the central retinal sensitivity in patients with retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"15","author":"Hara","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2015.61","article-title":"Correlation of structure and function of the macula in patients with retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"29","author":"Battu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/821460","article-title":"The structure-function relationship between macular morphology and visual function analyzed by optical coherence tomography in retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"2013","author":"Yoon","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16143-5","article-title":"The structure-function relationship measured with optical coherence tomography and a microperimeter with auto-tracking: the MP-3, in patients with retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"7","author":"Asahina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226097","article-title":"Direct comparison of retinal structure and function in retinitis pigmentosa by co-registering microperimetry and optical coherence tomography","volume":"14","author":"Funatsu","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib33","article-title":"Structure-function modeling of optical coherence tomography and standard automated perimetry in the retina of patients with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"11","author":"Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-47251-z","article-title":"Multimodal structural disease progression of retinitis pigmentosa according to mode of inheritance","volume":"9","author":"Jauregui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/s10633-007-9087-4","article-title":"Functional characteristics of patients with retinal dystrophy that manifest abnormal parafoveal annuli of high density fundus autofluorescence; a review and update","volume":"116","author":"Robson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Doc Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3283","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-023-06052-x","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in retinal disease: clinical application, challenges, and future directions","volume":"261","author":"Daich Varela","year":"2023","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-025-01040-8","article-title":"Next-generation phenotyping of inherited retinal diseases from multimodal imaging with Eye2Gene","volume":"7","author":"Pontikos","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Mach Intell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2401","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001871","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of hyperautofluorescent rings to characterize the natural history and progression in RPGR-associated retinopathy","volume":"38","author":"Tee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2422","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-23739","article-title":"Characterization of visual function, interocular variability and progression using static perimetry-derived metrics in RPGR-associated retinopathy","volume":"59","author":"Tee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666914525003318?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666914525003318?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T09:38:04Z","timestamp":1778924284000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666914525003318"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S2666914525003318"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-9145"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-9145","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Visual Field Estimation in X-Linked Retinitis Pigmentosa Associated with Retinitis Pigmentosa GTPase Regulator (RPGR) from Image Analysis Using Artificial Intelligence","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xops.2025.101033","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101033"}}