{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T09:48:37Z","timestamp":1792057717473,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["323530_229967"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["323530_229967"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ophthalmologyscience.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T15:57:33Z","timestamp":1785859053000},"page":"101351","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spatial-Frequency\u2013Dependent Contrast Sensitivity in Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2594-4225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Futterknecht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Pfau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chrysoula","family":"Gabrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Anders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Ansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghislaine L.","family":"Traber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7312-0316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hendrik P.","family":"Scholl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Feltgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Herzog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8858-858X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona A.","family":"Garobbio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3642-3502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina","family":"Pfau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e106","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(13)70145-1","article-title":"Global prevalence of age-related macular degeneration and disease burden projection for 2020 and 2040: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Wong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"9827","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60282-7","article-title":"Age-related macular degeneration","volume":"379","author":"Lim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.10.036","article-title":"Clinical classification of age-related macular degeneration","volume":"120","author":"Ferris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1159\/000513591","article-title":"Use of composite end points in early and intermediate age-related macular degeneration clinical trials: State-of-the-Art and future directions","volume":"244","author":"Terheyden","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001002","article-title":"Visual function measures in early and intermediate age-related macular degeneration","volume":"36","author":"Chandramohan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Retina Phila Pa"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2005.11.002","article-title":"Visual function and dysfunction in early and late age-related maculopathy","volume":"25","author":"Hogg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.02.005","article-title":"Low-Luminance visual acuity and microperimetry in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"121","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.03.009","article-title":"Low luminance visual dysfunction as a predictor of subsequent visual acuity loss from geographic atrophy in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"115","author":"Sunness","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib9","first-page":"3278","article-title":"Aging of the human photoreceptor mosaic: evidence for selective vulnerability of rods in central retina","volume":"34","author":"Curcio","year":"1993","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib10","first-page":"376","article-title":"Photoreceptor topography in ageing and age-related maculopathy","volume":"15","author":"Curcio","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eye Lond Engl"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.09.041","article-title":"Delayed rod-mediated dark adaptation is a functional biomarker for incident early age-related macular degeneration","volume":"123","author":"Owsley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s12177-008-9002-6","article-title":"A short-duration dark adaptation protocol for assessment of age-related maculopathy","volume":"1","author":"Jackson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Ocul Biol Dis Infor"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2017.34","article-title":"Microperimetry in age: related macular degeneration","volume":"31","author":"Midena","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7378","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12617","article-title":"Intrasession test-retest variability of microperimetry in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"54","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17.1","DOI":"10.1167\/10.3.17","article-title":"Bayesian adaptive estimation of the contrast sensitivity function: the quick CSF method","volume":"10","author":"Lesmes","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3628","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-21645","article-title":"A normative data set for the clinical assessment of achromatic and chromatic contrast sensitivity using a qCSF approach","volume":"58","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.64.14.7","article-title":"Evaluating contrast sensitivity in early and intermediate age-related macular degeneration with the quick contrast sensitivity function","volume":"64","author":"Anders","year":"2023","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.66.2.6","article-title":"Targeted microperimetry grids for focal lesions in intermediate AMD: PINNACLE Study report 7","volume":"66","author":"Futterknecht","year":"2025","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3582","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-023-02554-4","article-title":"Point-to-point associations of drusen and hyperreflective foci volumes with retinal sensitivity in non-exudative age-related macular degeneration","volume":"37","author":"Reiter","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2022.11.006","article-title":"Hyperreflective foci in age-related macular degeneration are associated with disease severity and functional impairment","volume":"7","author":"Duic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20170329-05","article-title":"Correlation between Mesopic retinal sensitivity and optical coherence tomographic metrics of the outer retina in patients with non-atrophic dry age-related macular degeneration","volume":"48","author":"Tepelus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3456","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-22339","article-title":"Report from the NEI\/FDA endpoints workshop on age-related macular degeneration and inherited retinal diseases","volume":"58","author":"Csaky","year":"2018","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666914526002897?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666914526002897?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T09:23:14Z","timestamp":1792056194000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666914526002897"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S2666914526002897"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-9145"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-9145","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Spatial-Frequency\u2013Dependent Contrast Sensitivity in Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xops.2026.101351","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 American Academy of Ophthalmology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101351"}}