{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T04:11:03Z","timestamp":1784607063657,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003074","name":"Agencia Nacional de Promoci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003074","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jpharmsci.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,23]],"date-time":"2021-01-23T01:51:57Z","timestamp":1611366717000},"page":"2501-2507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Safety and Pharmacokinetic Assessments of a Novel Ivermectin Nasal Spray Formulation in a Pig Model"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Jorge","family":"Errecalde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Lifschitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graciela","family":"Vecchioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Ceballos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Errecalde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Ballent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo","family":"Mar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mart\u00edn","family":"Daniele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esteban","family":"Turic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Spitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Toneguzzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Gold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Krolewiecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Lanusse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0889","article-title":"Ivermectin and malaria-putting an elderly drug to a new test","volume":"102","author":"Campbell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01696-12","article-title":"Anthelmintic avermectins kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including multidrug-resistant clinical strains","volume":"57","author":"Lim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.06.002","article-title":"Nuclear localization of dengue virus (DENV) 1-4 non-structural protein 5; protection against all 4 DENV serotypes by the inhibitor IVM","volume":"99","author":"Tay","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2016.06.015","article-title":"IVM exhibits potent antimitotic activity","volume":"226","author":"Ashraf","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib5","first-page":"317","article-title":"The multitargeted drug IVM: from an antiparasitic agent to a repositioned cancer drug","volume":"8","author":"Juarez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4837","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.13669","article-title":"Anti-parasitic drug IVM exhibits potent anticancer activity against gemcitabine-resistant cholangiocarcinoma in\u00a0vitro","volume":"39","author":"Intuyod","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2020.104760","article-title":"The broad spectrum antiviral IVM targets the host nuclear transport importin \u03b1\/\u03b21 heterodimer","volume":"177","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.10.004","article-title":"Nuclear import and export inhibitors alter capsid protein distribution in mammalian cells and reduce Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus replication","volume":"100","author":"Lundberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23138","DOI":"10.1038\/srep23138","article-title":"Influenza A viruses escapes from MxA restriction at the expense of efficient nuclear vRNASOPHARYNX import","volume":"6","author":"G\u00f6tz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2020.104787","article-title":"The FDA-approved Drug IVM inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in\u00a0vitro","volume":"178","author":"Caly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1177\/1087057110390360","article-title":"An AlphaScreen(R)-based assay for high-throughput screening for specific inhibitors of nuclear import","volume":"16","author":"Wagstaff","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomol Screen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20120150","article-title":"IVM is a specific inhibitor of importin \u03b1\/\u03b2-mediated nuclear import able to inhibit replication of HIV-1 and dengue virus","volume":"443","author":"Wagstaff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib13","article-title":"Use of ivermectin is associated with lower mortality in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019: the ICON study","author":"Cepelowicz Rajter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib14","article-title":"A\u00a0five day course of ivermectin for the treatment of COVID-19 may reduce the duration of illness","author":"Ahmed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib15","author":"Krolewiecki"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2196-x","article-title":"Virological assessment of hospilatalized patients with COVID-2019","volume":"581","author":"W\u00f6lfel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(99)00175-2","article-title":"Comparative distribution of ivermectin and doramectin to parasite location tissues in cattle","volume":"87","author":"Lifschitz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2020.08.024","article-title":"Development of a minimal physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model to simulate lung exposure in humans following oral administration of Ivermectin for COVID-19 drug repurposing","author":"Jermain","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib19","first-page":"70","article-title":"Study on the subacute inhalation toxicity of ivermectin TC in rats","volume":"26","author":"Ji","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comp Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17073","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-74084-y","article-title":"Nebulized ivermectin for COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases, a proof of concept, dose-ranging study in rats","volume":"10","author":"Chaccour","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib21","series-title":"The European Agency for the Evaluaion of Medicinal Products (EMEA)","article-title":"Veterinary medicines and information technology unit.CVMP\/VICH\/595\/98-FINAL","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib22","series-title":"Guidelines for Human Handling, Transport and Slaughter of livestock.Food and Agriculture Organisation","author":"Chambers","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib23","series-title":"Revised and Expanded","first-page":"45","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics","author":"Gibaldi","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.7705\/biomedica.v39i3.3820","article-title":"The porcine biomodel in translational medical research: from biomodel to human lung transplantation","volume":"39","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomedica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2012.01428.x","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence in the pig of two ivermectin feed formulations","volume":"36","author":"Lees","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3392-0","article-title":"Treatment of pigs with endectocides as a complementary tool for combating malaria transmission by Anopheles farauti (s.s.) in Papua New Guinea","volume":"12","author":"Pasay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022354921000320?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022354921000320?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T09:32:40Z","timestamp":1758360760000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022354921000320"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022354921000320"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3549"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3549","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Safety and Pharmacokinetic Assessments of a Novel Ivermectin Nasal Spray Formulation in a Pig Model","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.01.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Pharmacists Association\u00ae.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}