{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T00:54:38Z","timestamp":1794272078484,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jpharmsci.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T11:11:23Z","timestamp":1731582683000},"page":"857-865","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of citrate on mitigating iron mediated polysorbate 80 degradation in biotherapeutic formulation placebos"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0312-8707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rong-Sheng","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5776-346X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chengbei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1255-8748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana","family":"Henriquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongxia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9808-459X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jainik","family":"Panchal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hillary","family":"Schuessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9977","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b21979","article-title":"Armoring the Interface with surfactants to prevent the adsorption of monoclonal antibodies","volume":"12","author":"Kanthe","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces (Providence)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2019.10.015","article-title":"What makes polysorbate functional? Impact of polysorbate 80 grade and quality on IgG stability during mechanical stress","volume":"109","author":"Grabarek","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0003","first-page":"1499","article-title":"Factors influencing antibody stability at solid\u2013liquid interfacesin a high shear environment","volume":"25","author":"Biddlecombe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biotechnol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2019.12.016","article-title":"Micellar morphology of polysorbate 20 and 80 and their ester fractions in solution via small-angle neutron scattering","volume":"109","author":"Nayem","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2620","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.22045","article-title":"Adsorption behavior of a surfactant and a monoclonal antibody to sterilizing-grade filters","volume":"99","author":"Mahler","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2017.08.011","article-title":"Effect of Polysorbate 20 and Polysorbate 80 on the higher-order structure of a monoclonal antibody and its Fab and Fc fragments probed using 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy","volume":"106","author":"Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.20726","article-title":"Evaluation of hydroperoxides in common pharmaceutical excipients","volume":"96","author":"Wasylaschuk","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2018.10.008","article-title":"Polysorbate degradation in biotherapeutic formulations: identification and discussion of current root causes","volume":"552","author":"Dwivedi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-011-0385-x","article-title":"The degradation of polysorbates 20 and 80 and its potential impact on the stability of biotherapeutics","volume":"28","author":"Kishore","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.5731\/pdajpst.2015.005942","article-title":"Hydrolysis of polysorbate 20 and 80 by a range of carboxylester hydrolases","volume":"70","author":"McShan","year":"2016","journal-title":"PDA J Pharm Sci Technol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.24054","article-title":"Ester hydrolysis of polysorbate 80 in mAb drug product: evidence in support of the hypothesized risk after the observation of visible particulate in mAb formulations","volume":"103","author":"Labrenz","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8161","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.1c00042","article-title":"Profiling active enzymes for polysorbate degradation in biotherapeutics by activity-based protein profiling","volume":"93","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2020.07.018","article-title":"Rapid polysorbate 80 degradation by liver carboxylesterase in a monoclonal antibody formulated drug substance at early stage development","volume":"109","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2016.02.022","article-title":"Polysorbates 20 and 80 degradation by group XV lysosomal phospholipase A2 isomer X1 in monoclonal antibody formulations","volume":"105","author":"Hall","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.06.033","article-title":"Identification and characterization of polysorbate-degrading enzymes in a monoclonal antibody formulation","volume":"110","author":"Graf","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3866","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.09.001","article-title":"Degradation of polysorbate 20 by sialate O-acetylesterase in monoclonal antibody formulations","volume":"110","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.26237","article-title":"Knockout of a difficult-to-remove CHO host cell protein, lipoprotein lipase, for improved polysorbate stability in monoclonal antibody formulations","volume":"114","author":"Chiu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioeng"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(99)00426-4","article-title":"New strategies for determination of transition metals by complexation ion-exchange chromatography and post column reaction","volume":"847","author":"Cardellicchio","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Chromatogr A"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1093\/abt\/tbac002","article-title":"The measurement and control of high-risk host cell proteins for polysorbate degradation in biologics formulation","volume":"5","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antibody Therapeutics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600671211","article-title":"Autoxidation of polysorbates","volume":"67","author":"Donbrow","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13071142","article-title":"Primary processes of free radical formation in pharmaceutical formulations of therapeutic proteins","volume":"13","author":"Sch\u00f6neich","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(90)90148-C","article-title":"Transition metals as catalysts of \u201cautoxidation\u201d reactions","volume":"8","author":"Miller","year":"1990","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0028","unstructured":"Howard J.A. Homogenous liquid-phase autoxidations. Kochi, JK, eds. Free Radicals, New York, NY, USA: Wiley; 1973(v2)3\u201362."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.25628","article-title":"The future of host cell protein (HCP) identification during process development and manufacturing linked to a risk-based management for their control","volume":"112","author":"Bracewell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioeng"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0029","first-page":"320","article-title":"A mechanistic understanding of polysorbate 80 oxidation in histidine and citrate buffer systems\u2014Part 2","volume":"73","author":"Doyle","year":"2019","journal-title":"PDA J Pharm Sci Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.24314","article-title":"Oxidative degradation of polysorbate surfactants studied by liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry","volume":"104","author":"Borisov","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-017-2321-1","article-title":"Dual effect of histidine on polysorbate 20 stability: mechanistic studies","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-016-2041-y","article-title":"Degradation mechanisms of polysorbate 20 differentiated by 18O-labeling and mass spectrometry","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2252","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.10216","article-title":"Peroxide formation in polysorbate 80 and protein stability","volume":"91","author":"Ha","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2924","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.21190","article-title":"Polysorbates 20 and 80 used in the formulation of protein biotherapeutics: structure and degradation pathways","volume":"97","author":"Kerwin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.5731\/pdajpst.2017.008284","article-title":"Impact of stainless steel exposure on the oxidation of polysorbate 80 in histidine placebo and active monoclonal antibody formulation","volume":"72","author":"Gopalrathnam","year":"2018","journal-title":"PDA J Pharm Sci Technol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-021-03087-9","article-title":"Evaluating a modified high uurity polysorbate 20 designed to reduce the risk of free fatty acid particle formation","volume":"38","author":"Doshi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9050441","article-title":"Protein formulations containing polysorbates: are metal chelators needed at all?","volume":"9","author":"Brov\u010d","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-023-03556-3","article-title":"Impact of primary container closure system on PS80 oxidation and the mechanistic understanding","volume":"40","author":"Mould","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0039","first-page":"32","article-title":"Earth's ferrous wheel","volume":"3","author":"P\u00e9rez-Guzm\u00e1n","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Educ Knowl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1071\/EN14240","article-title":"Iron-catalysed oxidation and halogenation of organic matter in nature","volume":"12","author":"Comba","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0041","unstructured":"https:\/\/assets.thermofisher.com\/TFS-Assets\/LSG\/manuals\/MAN0017868_A37690_L-Histidine_PI.pdf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0042","unstructured":"http:\/\/ftp.uspbpep.com\/v29240\/usp29nf24s0_m37440.html"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2009.03.027","article-title":"Elevated cleavage of human immunoglobulin gamma molecules containing a lambda light chain mediated by iron and histidine","volume":"389","author":"Ouellette","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0044","first-page":"101","article-title":"Fenton-short biography and brief history of Fenton reagent discovery","volume":"14","author":"Barbusi\u0144ski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem Didact Ecol Metrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(93)90043-T","article-title":"The fenton reagents","volume":"15","author":"Goldstein","year":"1993","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0053","unstructured":"DIONEX. \u201cDetermination of Transition Metals by Ion Chromatography,\u201d Technical Note 10. Available at: https:\/\/tools.thermofisher.com\/content\/sfs\/brochures\/4691-TN10_LPN032229-03.pdf. Accessed 4 October, 2023."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3347","article-title":"The interplay of microbially mediated and abiotic reactions in the biogeochemical Fe cycle","volume":"12","author":"Melton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4434","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c07897","article-title":"Rapid redox cycling of Fe(II)\/Fe(III) in microdroplets during iron\u2013citric acid photochemistry","volume":"57","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2022.10.012","article-title":"Extensive characterization of polysorbate 80 oxidative degradation under stainless steel conditions","volume":"112","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4026","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00501","article-title":"Near-UV and visible light degradation of iron (III)-containing citrate buffer: formation of carbon dioxide radical anion via fragmentation of a sterically hindered alkoxyl radical","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2022.01.026","article-title":"Near UV and visible light photo-degradation mechanisms in citrate buffer: one-electron reduction of peptide and protein disulfides promotes oxidation and Cis\/Trans isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids of polysorbate 80","volume":"111","author":"Prajapati","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.08.017","article-title":"Characterization of polysorbate 80 by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to understand its susceptibility to degradation and its oxidative degradation pathway","volume":"111","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.08.036","article-title":"Advancing structure characterization of PS-80 by charge-reduced mass spectrometry and software-assisted composition analysis","volume":"111","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.121496","article-title":"Mechanistic understanding of metal catalyzed oxidation of polysorbate 80 and monoclonal antibody in biotherapeutic formulations","volume":"615","author":"Bensaid","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3288","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00453","article-title":"Understanding the stabilizing effect of histidine on mAb aggregation: a molecular dynamics study","volume":"19","author":"Saurabh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.5731\/pdajpst.2017.008284","article-title":"Impact of stainless steel exposure on the oxidation of Polysorbate 80 in histidine placebo and active monoclonal antibody formulation","volume":"72","author":"Gopalrathnam","year":"2018","journal-title":"PDA J Pharm Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00840","article-title":"Visible light induces site-specific oxidative heavy chain fragmentation of a monoclonal antibody (IgG1) mediated by an iron(III)-containing histidine buffer","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2020.06.028","article-title":"Micelle driven oxidation mechansim and novel oxidation markers for different grades of polysorbate 20 and 80","volume":"109","author":"Kranz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1021\/tx500377b","article-title":"Redox properties and activity of iron-citrate complexes: evidence for redox cycling","volume":"28","author":"Adam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.022","article-title":"Iron and redox cycling. Do's and don'ts","volume":"133","author":"Koppenol","year":"2019","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.22290","article-title":"Degradation of polysorbates 20 and 80: studies on thermal autoxidation and hydrolysis","volume":"100","author":"Kishore","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0063","first-page":"86","article-title":"Formation of dihydroxystearic acid from hydrolysis of palm kernel oil based epoxidized oleic acid","volume":"9","author":"Rafizan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Appl Sci Agric"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0064","first-page":"208","article-title":"Effects of riboflavin and desferrioxamine B on Fe(II) oxidation by O2","volume":"2","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fund Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1021\/es00003a033","article-title":"Rates and mechanism of Fe(II) oxidation at nanomolar total iron concentrations","volume":"29","author":"King","year":"1995","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1021\/es0109242","article-title":"Kinetic model for Fe(II) oxidation in seawater in the absence and presence of natural organic matter","volume":"36","author":"Rose","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-21-315-2021","article-title":"Photochemical degradation of iron(III) citrate\/citric acid aerosol quantified with the combination of three complementary experimental techniques and a kinetic process model","volume":"21","author":"Dou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s40199-020-00370-9","article-title":"The application of pharmaceutical quality by design concepts to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of a preservative system including desferrioxamine","volume":"28","author":"Lombardo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Daru"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2022.6299","article-title":"Estimated medicaid spending on original and citrate-free adalimumab from 2014 through 2021","volume":"183","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14050972","article-title":"Citric Acid: a Multifunctional pharmaceutical excipient","volume":"14","author":"Lambros","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022354924004891?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022354924004891?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]],"date-time":"2025-03-22T22:03:36Z","timestamp":1742681016000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022354924004891"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022354924004891"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3549"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3549","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Impact of citrate on mitigating iron mediated polysorbate 80 degradation in biotherapeutic formulation placebos","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xphs.2024.10.038","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 American Pharmacists Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}