{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T11:14:30Z","timestamp":1794050070094,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jpharmsci.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T21:36:20Z","timestamp":1738272980000},"page":"1583-1596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Research on an effective, accurate, and universally applicable method for dual-loaded liposomes encapsulation efficiency"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1599-8021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tong","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaqi","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fulin","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0742-2675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/705265","article-title":"Recent trends in multifunctional liposomal nanocarriers for enhanced tumor targeting","author":"Perche","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Drug Deliv"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202100639","article-title":"Liposomes and extracellular vesicles as drug delivery systems: a comparison of composition, pharmacokinetics, and functionalization","volume":"11","author":"van der Koog","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv Healthc Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4927312","article-title":"Cancer nanomedicine: a new era of successful targeted therapy","author":"El-Readi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Nanomater"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1021\/acsptsci.1c00066","article-title":"Dual-targeting and stimuli-triggered liposomal drug delivery in cancer treatment","volume":"4","author":"AlSawaftah","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci"},{"issue":"32","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19089","DOI":"10.1039\/D0RA02801K","article-title":"Dual or multiple drug loaded nanoparticles to target breast cancer stem cells","volume":"10","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"RSC Adv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.06.012","article-title":"Nanomedicine of synergistic drug combinations for cancer therapy - strategies and perspectives","volume":"240","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114505","article-title":"Dual-drug codelivery nanosystems: an emerging approach for overcoming cancer multidrug resistance","volume":"161","author":"Gong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0008","series-title":"Liposome-Based Drug Delivery Systems","first-page":"111","article-title":"Purification method of drug-loaded liposome","author":"Lin","year":"2021"},{"issue":"29","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47136","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.17559","article-title":"Liposomal co-delivered oleanolic acid attenuates doxorubicin-induced multi-organ toxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"8","author":"Sarfraz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310494","article-title":"Mitochondria-targeted delivery strategy of dual-loaded liposomes for Alzheimer's Disease therapy","volume":"24","author":"Vasileva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.3109\/1061186X.2012.723215","article-title":"A combination of liposomal sunitinib plus liposomal irinotecan and liposome co-loaded with two drugs enhanced antitumor activity in PC12-bearing mouse","volume":"20","author":"Maitani","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Drug Target"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics10030151","article-title":"Development of dual drug loaded nanosized liposomal formulation by A reengineered ethanolic injection method and its pre-clinical pharmacokinetic studies","volume":"10","author":"Sarfraz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2018.12.041","article-title":"A new therapeutic combination for osteosarcoma: gemcitabine and Clofazimine co-loaded liposomal formulation","volume":"557","author":"Caliskan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10107","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.1c03946","article-title":"Facile separation of PEGylated liposomes enabled by anti-PEG scFv","volume":"21","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano Lett"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4453","DOI":"10.1039\/C4AN00819G","article-title":"Simultaneous analysis of nanoparticles and small molecules by high-performance liquid chromatography using a silica monolithic column","volume":"139","author":"Itoh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6429","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-015-8805-0","article-title":"Rapid evaluation of the quantity of drugs encapsulated within nanoparticles by high-performance liquid chromatography in a monolithic silica column","volume":"407","author":"Itoh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2016.12.080","article-title":"High performance liquid chromatography analysis of 100-nm liposomal nanoparticles using polymer-coated, silica monolithic columns with aqueous mobile phase","volume":"1484","author":"Itoh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Chromatogr A"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2017.11.035","article-title":"A simple and rapid measurement method of encapsulation efficiency of doxorubicin loaded liposomes by direct injection of the liposomal suspension to liquid chromatography","volume":"536","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-2791(72)90069-9","article-title":"A simplified method for the centrifugation of liposomes","volume":"9","author":"Knudson","year":"1972","journal-title":"Immunochemistry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1996.tb03904.x","article-title":"Comparative study of separation of non-encapsulated drug from unilamellar liposomes by various methods","volume":"48","author":"Dipali","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Pharmacy Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.3109\/08982104.2012.655284","article-title":"Double-liposome\u2009\u2013\u2009based dual-drug delivery system as vectors for effective management of peptic ulcer","volume":"22","author":"Jain","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Liposome Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2013.10.025","article-title":"Liposome co-encapsulation of synergistic combination of irinotecan and doxorubicin for the treatment of intraperitoneally grown ovarian tumor xenograft","volume":"172","author":"Shaikh","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Controll Release"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/08982100500364081","article-title":"6-Mercaptopurine and daunorubicin double drug liposomes\u2014preparation, drug-drug interaction and characterization","volume":"15","author":"Agrawal","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Liposome Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2016.08.029","article-title":"Evaluation of the antitumor effect of dexamethasone palmitate and doxorubicin co-loaded liposomes modified with a sialic acid\u2013octadecylamine conjugate","volume":"93","author":"Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmaceut Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2023.123500","article-title":"Research on the preparation process of the cytarabine\/daunorubicin dual-encapsulation liposome and its physicochemical properties and performances in vitro\/vivo","volume":"646","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00227558","article-title":"Rapid separation of liposomes using ultrafiltration","volume":"1","author":"Magin","year":"1987","journal-title":"Biotechnology Techniques"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2015.05.047","article-title":"Rapid and mild purification method for nanoparticles from a dispersed solution using a monolithic silica disk","volume":"1404","author":"Itoh","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Chromatogr A"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38022","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.16723","article-title":"Combination therapy in combating cancer","volume":"8","author":"Bayat Mokhtari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1080\/17425247.2024.2311812","article-title":"Dual-loaded liposomal carriers to combat chemotherapeutic resistance in breast cancer","volume":"21","author":"El-Tanani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Deliv"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-15-0867","article-title":"Dual Carfilzomib and doxorubicin\u2013Loaded liposomal nanoparticles for synergistic efficacy in multiple myeloma","volume":"15","author":"Ashley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202107690","article-title":"Dual-loaded liposomes tagged with hyaluronic acid have synergistic effects in triple-negative breast cancer","volume":"18","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"15_suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13024","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e13024","article-title":"A phase I study of sunitinib plus irinotecan in the treatment of patients with recurrent malignant glioma","volume":"27","author":"Friedman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"null","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S228715","article-title":"Preparation, characterization, and pharmacokinetic study of a novel long-acting targeted paclitaxel liposome with antitumor activity","volume":"15","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.9b03293","article-title":"Improving the stability of liposomal curcumin by adjusting the inner aqueous chamber pH of liposomes","volume":"5","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16502","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c00930","article-title":"Construction a long-circulating delivery system of liposomal curcumin by coating albumin","volume":"5","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Omega"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022354925000462?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022354925000462?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T01:40:26Z","timestamp":1741052426000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022354925000462"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022354925000462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3549"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3549","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Research on an effective, accurate, and universally applicable method for dual-loaded liposomes encapsulation efficiency","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.01.026","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Pharmacists Association.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}