{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T09:47:19Z","timestamp":1793526439710,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007697","name":"Northern Advancement Center for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020-ST-32"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-ST-32"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007697","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007591","name":"Akiyama Life Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007591","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22K19941"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K19941"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP17H02178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP17H02178"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18K12066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18K12066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP18K06603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18K06603"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006567","name":"Suhara Memorial Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006567","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jpharmsci.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T16:56:01Z","timestamp":1746723361000},"page":"103819","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pirfenidone encapsulated in succinylated gelatin-coated liposomes exhibits sustained antifibrotic effects in vitro models of renal, pulmonary, and hepatic fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2510-3826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kohei","family":"Togami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7074-2673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukimune","family":"Kanehira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9539-5251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0668-9024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hirotsugu","family":"Ishii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akiyoshi","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanako","family":"Takehara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mio","family":"Yasuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Tada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7498-3420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sumio","family":"Chono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2018.06.003","article-title":"Organ and tissue fibrosis: molecular signals, cellular mechanisms and translational implications","volume":"65","author":"Weiskirchen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Aspects Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2019.09.009","article-title":"Pathology and natural history of organ fibrosis","volume":"49","author":"Majo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-018-0631-8","article-title":"The burden of illness of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a comprehensive evidence review","volume":"36","author":"Diamantopoulos","year":"2018","journal-title":"PharmacoEconomics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01379-7","article-title":"Kidney fibrosis: from mechanisms to therapeutic medicines","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9040875","article-title":"Liver fibrosis: mechanistic concepts and therapeutic perspectives","volume":"9","author":"Roehlen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0006","article-title":"Metformin and fibrosis: a review of existing evidence and mechanisms","volume":"2021","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Diabetes Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2014.00123","article-title":"Fibroblasts in fibrosis: novel roles and mediators","volume":"5","author":"Kendall","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0008","first-page":"713","article-title":"Multi\u2011layered prevention and treatment of chronic inflammation, organ fibrosis and cancer associated with canonical WNT\/\u03b2\u2011catenin signaling activation (review)","volume":"42","author":"Katoh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-022-01569-x","article-title":"Targeting TGF-\u03b2 signal transduction for fibrosis and cancer therapy","volume":"21","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2017.12.016","article-title":"Targeting TGF-\u03b2 signaling for the treatment of fibrosis","volume":"68-69","author":"Gy\u00f6rfi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Matrix Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174510","article-title":"TGF-\u03b2-induced fibrosis: a review on the underlying mechanism and potential therapeutic strategies","volume":"911","author":"Ong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.02.003","article-title":"Expression of MMPs and TIMPs in liver fibrosis \u2013 a systematic review with special emphasis on anti-fibrotic strategies","volume":"46","author":"Hemmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2905192","article-title":"Kidney fibrosis and matrix metalloproteinases (mmps)","volume":"29","author":"La Russa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2017.12.012","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases and liver fibrosis (translational aspects)","volume":"68-69","author":"Roeb","year":"2018","journal-title":"Matrix Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00022302","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in sarcoidosis and IPF","volume":"20","author":"Henry","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e93","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050093","article-title":"MMP1 and MMP7 as potential peripheral blood biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"5","author":"Rosas","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLOS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0017","first-page":"39","article-title":"Pirfenidone treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"7","author":"Gan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8846708","article-title":"Pirfenidone alleviates choroidal neovascular fibrosis through TGF-\u03b2\/smad signaling pathway","volume":"2021","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8014","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25158014","article-title":"Pirfenidone alleviates inflammation and fibrosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome by modulating the transforming growth factor-\u03b2\/smad signaling pathway","volume":"25","author":"Paik","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-020-00173-3","article-title":"Pirfenidone alleviates pulmonary fibrosis in vitro and in vivo through regulating wnt\/GSK-3\u03b2\/\u03b2-catenin and TGF-\u03b21\/Smad2\/3 signaling pathways","volume":"26","author":"Lv","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.06.110","article-title":"Potent antioxidant role of pirfenidone in experimental cirrhosis","volume":"595","author":"Salazar-Montes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3181ae3392","article-title":"Pirfenidone inhibits T-cell activation, proliferation, cytokine and chemokine production, and host alloresponses","volume":"88","author":"Visner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3061","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4257","article-title":"Antifibrotic effect of pirfenidone on orbital fibroblasts of patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy by decreasing TIMP-1 and collagen levels","volume":"51","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3763","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2815","article-title":"Effects of pirfenidone on proliferation, migration, and collagen contraction of human tenon's fibroblasts in vitro","volume":"50","author":"Lin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2007.11.003","article-title":"Pirfenidone inhibits the expression of HSP47 in TGF-\u03b21-stimulated human lung fibroblasts","volume":"82","author":"Nakayama","year":"2008","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dmpk.2014.10.007","article-title":"Analysis of TGF-\u03b21- and drug-induced epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition in cultured alveolar epithelial cell line RLE\/Abca3","volume":"30","author":"Takano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Metab Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-12-24","article-title":"Pirfenidone inhibits TGF-\u03b21-induced over-expression of collagen type I and heat shock protein 47 in A549 cells","volume":"12","author":"Hisatomi","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.3109\/0886022X.2012.718955","article-title":"Antifibrotic effects of pirfenidone in rat proximal tubular epithelial cells","volume":"34","author":"Takakura","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8662","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.16821","article-title":"Pirfenidone modulates macrophage polarization and ameliorates radiation-induced lung fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-\u03b21\/Smad3 pathway","volume":"25","author":"Ying","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.1932","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic evaluation of tissue distribution of pirfenidone and its metabolites for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis therapy","volume":"36","author":"Togami","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biopharm Drug Dispos"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.595","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of intravenous pirfenidone in sheep","volume":"29","author":"Bruss","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biopharm Drug Dispos"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1341478","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of pirfenidone and its major metabolite after single and multiple oral doses in healthy chinese subjects under fed conditions","volume":"63","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0033","article-title":"Analysis of the safety and efficacy of different plasma concentrations of pirfenidone in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"146","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0057-2017","article-title":"Pirfenidone safety and adverse event management in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"26","author":"Lancaster","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14656","article-title":"Treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and progressive pulmonary fibrosis: a position statement from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand 2023 revision","volume":"29","author":"Mackintosh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-013-5111-2","article-title":"Novel mineralized heparin\u2013gelatin nanoparticles for potential application in tissue engineering of bone","volume":"25","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Mater Sci Mater Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.1130060304","article-title":"Simple and highly sensitive determination of free fatty acids in human serum by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection","volume":"6","author":"Iwata","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biomed Chromatogr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(65)80093-6","article-title":"Diffusion of univalent ions across the lamellae of swollen phospholipids","volume":"13","author":"Bangham","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b14-00659","article-title":"Efficient delivery to human lung fibroblasts (wi-38) of pirfenidone incorporated into liposomes modified with truncated basic fibroblast growth factor and its inhibitory effect on collagen synthesis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"38","author":"Togami","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Pharm Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pupt.2018.01.012","article-title":"Therapeutic administration of inhaled INS1009, a treprostinil prodrug formulation, inhibits bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats","volume":"49","author":"Corboz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pulm Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b13-00452","article-title":"Possible involvement of pirfenidone metabolites in the antifibrotic action of a therapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"36","author":"Togami","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol Pharm Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-3052-5_22","article-title":"Transwell in vitro cell migration and invasion assays","volume":"2644","author":"Justus","year":"2023","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(71)90173-4","article-title":"Characterization of collagen peptides by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis","volume":"41","author":"Furthmayr","year":"1971","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1080\/10236660211187","article-title":"Improved SDS-PAGE molecular weight determination of a succinylated limed ossein gelatin","volume":"7","author":"Kaur","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Polym Anal Charact"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15030782","article-title":"Coating materials to increase the stability of liposomes","volume":"15","author":"Pasarin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1007\/s10529-015-1907-0","article-title":"Recent advances in the use of gelatin in biomedical research","volume":"37","author":"Su","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biotechnol Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40635-021-00412-9","article-title":"A randomised controlled trial of succinylated gelatin (4%) fluid on urinary acute kidney injury biomarkers in cardiac surgical patients","volume":"9","author":"Smart","year":"2021","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med Exp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2022.102757","article-title":"Liposomes as biocompatible and smart delivery systems \u2013 the current state","volume":"309","author":"Dymek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv Colloid Interface Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2018.08.001","article-title":"Nanoformulations of anticancer FGFR inhibitors with improved therapeutic index","volume":"14","author":"Kallus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27031041","article-title":"Gelatin coating for the improvement of stability and cell uptake of hydrophobic drug-containing liposomes","volume":"27","author":"Battogtokh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1080\/10837450.2019.1633345","article-title":"Intratumoral delivery and therapeutic efficacy of nanoparticle-encapsulated anti-tumor siRNA following intrapulmonary administration for potential treatment of lung cancer","volume":"24","author":"Kanehira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharm Dev Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtm.2020.07.015","article-title":"Barriers and strategies of cationic liposomes for cancer gene therapy","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev"},{"issue":"7835","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2938-9","article-title":"Fibrosis: from mechanisms to medicines","volume":"587","author":"Henderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0054","first-page":"206.3","article-title":"Targeting fibrosis: mechanisms and clinical trials","volume":"7","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.3390\/biom9040141","article-title":"Unilateral ureteral obstruction as a model to investigate fibrosis-attenuating treatments","volume":"9","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Klimova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0056","article-title":"An update on animal models of liver fibrosis","volume":"10","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7113-8_2","article-title":"The bleomycin model of pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"1627","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022354925002692?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022354925002692?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T22:30:33Z","timestamp":1762209033000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022354925002692"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022354925002692"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3549"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3549","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pirfenidone encapsulated in succinylated gelatin-coated liposomes exhibits sustained antifibrotic effects in vitro models of renal, pulmonary, and hepatic fibrosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xphs.2025.103819","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 American Pharmacists Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103819"}}