{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T15:54:27Z","timestamp":1783698867022,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2025MS1218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2025MS1218"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2021LSW001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2021LSW001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jpharmsci.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T15:56:54Z","timestamp":1771516614000},"page":"104213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Development of an active loading strategy for methylene blue in liposomes and its application in EGFR-targeted photodynamic therapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Guozi","family":"Xia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lizhen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feifei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinxiu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Piloto-Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengjiao","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2063-773X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dianlong","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1179\/135100003225002899","article-title":"Methylene blue as an antimalarial agent","volume":"8","author":"Schirmer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Redox Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5137","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-017-0712-2","article-title":"From mitochondrial function to neuroprotection-an emerging role for methylene blue","volume":"55","author":"Tucker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13223955","article-title":"Methylene blue-based nano and microparticles: fabrication and applications in photodynamic therapy","volume":"13","author":"Lim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12978","article-title":"Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with methylene blue and its derivatives in animal studies: systematic review","volume":"40","author":"Cardozo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.07.049","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy - mechanisms, photosensitizers and combinations","volume":"106","author":"Kwiatkowski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25021023","article-title":"Current advances in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and the future potential of PDT-combinatorial cancer therapies","volume":"25","author":"Alvarez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1264961","article-title":"Methylene blue in anticancer photodynamic therapy: systematic review of preclinical studies","volume":"14","author":"Taldaev","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5187","DOI":"10.1039\/D5MH00253B","article-title":"Filling core-shell microneedles with pressurized oxygen-embedded particles (POPs) to improve photodynamic therapy","volume":"12","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mater Horiz"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s43630-025-00698-8","article-title":"Synergic anti-tumor effects of photodynamic therapy and resveratrol on triple-negative breast cancer cells","volume":"24","author":"Ghazizadeh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.144355","article-title":"Polyion complex nanoparticles composed of methylene blue-decorated hyaluronic acid for enhanced photodynamic therapy of tumor - the whole is greater than the sum of its parts","volume":"313","author":"Ren","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2021.120571","article-title":"Design of liposomes as drug delivery system for therapeutic applications","volume":"601","author":"Guimar\u00e3es","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2024.122801","article-title":"Liposomes-enabled cancer chemoimmunotherapy","volume":"313","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032643","article-title":"Liposomes for tumor targeted therapy: a review","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.04.031","article-title":"Advocation and advancements of EPR effect theory in drug delivery science: a commentary","volume":"346","author":"Hashida","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0015","article-title":"Photocurrent-polarity switching between methylene blue-loaded liposome and iodine-doped BiOCl for in-situ amplified immunoassay","volume":"268","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nano9010014","article-title":"Methylene-blue-encapsulated liposomes as photodynamic therapy nano agents for breast cancer cells","volume":"9","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2018.11.004","article-title":"Combining 3D graphene-like screen-printed carbon electrode with methylene blue-loaded liposomal nanoprobes for phospholipase A(2) detection","volume":"126","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biosens Bioelectron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2022.112901","article-title":"Liposomes encapsulating methylene blue and acridine orange: an approach for phototherapy of skin cancer","volume":"220","author":"Pivetta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Colloids Surf B"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17010036","article-title":"Liposomal formulations: a recent update","volume":"17","author":"Agrawal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2011.566552","article-title":"Active methods of drug loading into liposomes: recent strategies for stable drug entrapment and increased in vivo activity","volume":"8","author":"Gubernator","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Deliv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.07.138","article-title":"Ionic gradient liposomes: recent advances in the stable entrapment and prolonged released of local anesthetics and anticancer drugs","volume":"107","author":"Fatima","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27041372","article-title":"A review of liposomes as a drug delivery system: current status of approved products, regulatory environments, and future perspectives","volume":"27","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1080\/08982104.2024.2315449","article-title":"Remote loading in liposome: a review of current strategies and recent developments","volume":"34","author":"Nambiar","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Liposome Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.119541","article-title":"Increasing the antitumor efficacy of doxorubicin liposomes with coupling an anti-EGFR affibody in EGFR-expressing tumor models","volume":"586","author":"Jia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.09.018","article-title":"Coupling EGFR-antagonistic affibody enhanced therapeutic effects of cisplatin liposomes in EGFR-expressing tumor models","volume":"111","author":"Jia","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1007\/s10895-023-03234-y","article-title":"The shift in the behavior of methylene blue toward the sensitivity of medium: solvatochromism, solvent parameters, regression analysis and investigation of cosolvent on the acidity constants","volume":"33","author":"Hemdan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Fluoresc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1039\/C8BM01175C","article-title":"The influence of trapping agents on the antitumor efficacy of irinotecan liposomes: head-to-head comparison of ammonium sulfate, sulfobutylether-\u03b2-cyclodextrin and sucrose octasulfate","volume":"7","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomater Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3347","DOI":"10.1021\/j100869a039","article-title":"Changes in the absorption spectrum of methylene blue with pH","volume":"71","author":"Singhal","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Phys Chem"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.70080","article-title":"Quantification of methylene blue and evaluation of its pharmacokinetics in ICR mice by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry using difluoroacetic acid","volume":"39","author":"Park","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomed Chromatogr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.3063","article-title":"Simultaneous quantification of methylene blue and its major metabolite, azure B, in plasma by LC-MS\/MS and its application for a pharmacokinetic study","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed Chromatogr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30044-6","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of primaquine and methylene blue for prevention of plasmodium falciparum transmission in Mali: a phase 2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"Dicko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2019.1634545","article-title":"How worthwhile is methylene blue as a treatment of malaria?","volume":"17","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2671","DOI":"10.2174\/1871520622666220418141640","article-title":"Liposomal drug delivery and its potential impact on cancer research","volume":"22","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anticancer Agents Med Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1080\/08982104.2021.1903035","article-title":"Functionalized liposomes as drug nanocarriers for active targeted cancer therapy: a systematic review","volume":"32","author":"Abbasi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Liposome Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0035","first-page":"2690","article-title":"EGF ligand fused to truncated Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A specifically targets and inhibits EGFR\u2011positive cancer cells","volume":"40","author":"Hashimi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.121746","article-title":"Fusion of an EGFR-antagonistic affibody enhances the anti-tumor effect of TRAIL to EGFR positive tumors","volume":"620","author":"Jia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022354926000626?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022354926000626?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:18:13Z","timestamp":1777447093000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022354926000626"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022354926000626"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3549"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3549","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Development of an active loading strategy for methylene blue in liposomes and its application in EGFR-targeted photodynamic therapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104213","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Pharmacists Association\u00ae.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104213"}}