{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:31:31Z","timestamp":1777635091570,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015690","name":"Universitas Padjadjaran","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015690","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jpharmsci.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T07:39:51Z","timestamp":1772264391000},"page":"104229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of co-amorphous systems containing ritonavir and coformers: An experimental and molecular simulation study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Arif","family":"Budiman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ai Syipa Ulfah","family":"Paujiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taufik Muhammad","family":"Fakih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Fadhil","family":"Pratomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3019-6207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salma","family":"Amaliah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taofik","family":"Rusdiana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9093-789X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Insan Sunan Kurniawan","family":"Syah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8779-8972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diah Lia","family":"Aulifa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15143034","article-title":"Effect of drug\u2013polymer interaction in amorphous solid dispersion on the physical stability and dissolution of drugs: the case of alpha-mangostin","volume":"15","author":"Budiman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2015.10.008","article-title":"Polymeric amorphous solid dispersions : a review of amorphization, crystallization, stabilization, solid-state characterization, and aqueous solubilization of biopharmaceutical classification system Class II drugs","volume":"105","author":"Baghel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0003","article-title":"Solubility enhancement (solid dispersions) novel boon to increase bioavailability","volume":"9","author":"Pawar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Drug Deliv Therapeut"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.22159\/ijap.2019v11i3.32121","article-title":"Solid dosage form development of glibenclamide-aspartame cocrystal using the solvent evaporation method to increase the solubility of glibenclamide","volume":"11","author":"Budiman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Appl Pharmaceut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2019.104967","article-title":"Successful oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs both depends on the intraluminal behavior of drugs and of appropriate advanced drug delivery systems","volume":"137","author":"Boyd","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmaceut Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15010093","article-title":"Characterization of drugs with good glass formers in loaded-mesoporous silica and its theoretical value relevance with mesopores surface and pore-filling capacity","volume":"15","author":"Budiman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16020286","article-title":"Advancing drug delivery paradigms: polyvinyl pyrolidone (PVP)-based amorphous solid dispersion for enhanced physicochemical properties and therapeutic efficacy","volume":"16","author":"Rusdin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0008","article-title":"Formulating a heat- and shear-labile drug in an amorphous solid dispersion: balancing drug degradation and crystallinity","volume":"3","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Pharm X"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0009","first-page":"272","article-title":"Prediction of co-amorphous formation using non-bonded interaction energy: molecular dynamic simulation and experimental validation","author":"Deng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem Eng Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2023.103863","article-title":"Recent advances in dual-drug co-amorphous systems","volume":"29","author":"Shelke","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jchemed.3c00036","article-title":"Introduction to pharmaceutical co-amorphous systems using a green co-milling technique","volume":"100","author":"Silva","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Chem Educ"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15143034","article-title":"Effect of drug\u2013polymer interaction in amorphous solid dispersion on the physical stability and dissolution of drugs: the case of alpha-mangostin","volume":"15","author":"Budiman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0013","article-title":"Elucidation of molecular interactions between drug\u2013polymer in amorphous solid dispersion by a computational approach using molecular dynamics simulations","volume":"17","author":"Aulifa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Appl Bioinform Chem"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21486","article-title":"Multiple ligand simultaneous docking: orchestrated dancing of ligands in binding sites of protein","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Comput Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2015.09.008","article-title":"Multiple ligand simultaneous docking (MLSD): a novel approach to study the effect of inhibitors on substrate binding to PPO","volume":"59","author":"Raghavendra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comput Biol Chem"},{"issue":"March","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0016","article-title":"Effect of drug-coformer interactions on drug dissolution from a coamorphous in mesoporous silica","volume":"600","author":"Budiman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0017","first-page":"2271","article-title":"Molecular dynamics simulation of amorphous indomethacin\u2013poly(vinylpyrrolidone) glasses: solubility and hydrogen bonding interactions","volume":"101","author":"Xiang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2018.04.035","article-title":"Molecular simulations for amorphous drug formulation: Polymeric matrix properties relevant to hot-melt extrusion","volume":"119","author":"Barmpalexis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmaceut Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21486","article-title":"Multiple ligand simultaneous docking: orchestrated dancing of ligands in binding sites of protein","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Comput Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2015.09.008","article-title":"Multiple ligand simultaneous docking (MLSD): a novel approach to study the effect of inhibitors on substrate binding to PPO","volume":"59","author":"Raghavendra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comput Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0021","article-title":"Mechanistic insight of \u03b1-mangostin encapsulation in 2-hydroxypropyl-\u03b2-cyclodextrin for solubility enhancement","author":"Muchtaridi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Biomol Struct Dyn."},{"issue":"D1","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac956","article-title":"PubChem 2023 update","volume":"51","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0023","article-title":"ChemDraw","volume":"81","author":"Brown","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Teach"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0024","article-title":"Gaussian 09, revision A.02","author":"Schlegel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0025","article-title":"AutoDock version 4.2","author":"Forli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Citeseer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0026","series-title":"Dassault Syst\u00e8mes","article-title":"Dassault syst\u00e8mes BIOVIA, discovery studio modeling environment, release 2017","year":"2017"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21224","article-title":"PACKMOL: a package for building initial configurations for molecular dynamics simulations","volume":"30","author":"Martinez","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Comput Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.softx.2015.06.001","article-title":"GROMACS: high performance molecular simulations through multi-level parallelism from laptops to supercomputers","volume":"1-2","author":"Abraham","year":"2015","journal-title":"SoftwareX"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0029","unstructured":"Abraham M, Hess B, Spoel D van der, Lindahl E. The GROMACS development team, GROMACS user manual. Version 5.0.7. Published online 2015."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20291","article-title":"GROMACS: fast, flexible, and free","author":"Van Der Spoel","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Comput Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1021\/ci500020m","article-title":"g _ mmpbsa - a GROMACS tool for MM-PBSA and its optimization for high-throughput binding energy calculations","author":"Kumari","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Chem Inf Model"},{"issue":"JAN","key":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229_bib0032","article-title":"Recent developments and applications of the MMPBSA method","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Mol Biosci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002235492600078X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002235492600078X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T05:20:52Z","timestamp":1777440052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S002235492600078X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S002235492600078X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3549"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3549","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation of co-amorphous systems containing ritonavir and coformers: An experimental and molecular simulation study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xphs.2026.104229","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 American Pharmacists Association\u00ae. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104229"}}