{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:22:29Z","timestamp":1784679749852,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jsesreviewsreportstech.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T15:48:09Z","timestamp":1713887289000},"page":"329-340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Paralysis of the trapezius muscle: evaluation and surgical management"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6743-9340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesse","family":"O\u2019Driscoll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos","family":"Minarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3199-3247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaquin","family":"Sanchez-Sotelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aott.2017.12.002","article-title":"Single-incision Eden-Lange procedure in trapezius muscle paralysis: a report of 11 cases","volume":"52","author":"Amroodi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e318201d7d9","article-title":"Combined injury of the accessory nerve and brachial plexus","volume":"68","author":"Bertelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2006.04.014","article-title":"Refinements in the technique for repair of the accessory nerve","volume":"31","author":"Bertelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199610000-00011","article-title":"Transfer of the levator scapulae, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor for paralysis of the trapezius","volume":"78","author":"Bigliani","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198567060-00007","article-title":"Treatment of trapezius paralysis","volume":"67","author":"Bigliani","year":"1985","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193418755618","article-title":"Spinal accessory nerve repair using a direct nerve transfer from the upper trunk: results with 2 years follow-up","volume":"43","author":"Cambon-Binder","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Eur Vol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib7","first-page":"1142","article-title":"Clinical signs of accessory nerve palsy","volume":"60","author":"Chan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000041943.47622.EB","article-title":"Management of iatrogenic injury to the spinal accessory nerve","volume":"111","author":"Chandawarkar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.196.157","article-title":"Occupational therapy for accessory nerve palsy after radical neck dissection","volume":"196","author":"Chida","year":"2002","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2018.08.008","article-title":"Anatomy, etiology, and management of scapular winging","volume":"44","author":"Didesch","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199306000-00004","article-title":"Extracranial spinal accessory nerve injury","volume":"32","author":"Donner","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02791242","article-title":"Zur Behandlung der Trapeziusl\u00e4hmung mittelst Muskelplastik","volume":"184","author":"Eden","year":"1924","journal-title":"Dtsch Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Chir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2015.01.008","article-title":"Outcome of triple-tendon transfer, an Eden-Lange variant, to reconstruct trapezius paralysis","volume":"24","author":"Elhassan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1177\/1758573219872730","article-title":"Surgical treatment of trapezius palsy: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Elsawi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Shoulder Elbow"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib15","first-page":"962","article-title":"Suprascapular nerve release for treatment of shoulder and periscapular pain following intracranial spinal accessory nerve injury","volume":"109","author":"Flores","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-007-0086-2","article-title":"Surgical treatment of winged scapula","volume":"466","author":"Galano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2013.08.009","article-title":"Scapulothoracic fusion: outcomes and complications","volume":"23","author":"Goel","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312116645731","article-title":"Patient outcome after surgical management of the spinal accessory nerve injury: a long-term follow-up study","volume":"4","author":"G\u00f6ransson","year":"2016","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/698256","article-title":"Peripheral nerve reconstruction after injury: a review of clinical and experimental therapies","volume":"2014","author":"Grinsell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1732","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2008.04.029","article-title":"Iatrogenic spinal accessory nerve injury in children","volume":"43","author":"Grossman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1007\/s001040050706","article-title":"[Iatrogenic lesion of the accessory nerve in cervical lymph node biopsy]","volume":"70","author":"Harpf","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chirurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.130094","article-title":"Factors predicting sensory and motor recovery after the repair of upper limb peripheral nerve injuries","volume":"9","author":"He","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000089058.82201.3D","article-title":"Surgical outcomes of 111 spinal accessory nerve injuries","volume":"53","author":"Kim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib24","first-page":"35","article-title":"Iatrogenic spinal accessory nerve palsy","volume":"65","author":"King","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2008.07.025","article-title":"Iatrogenic nerve injuries","volume":"20","author":"Kretschmer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib26","first-page":"137","article-title":"[The operative treatment of irreparable trapezius paralysis]","volume":"22","author":"Lange","year":"1959","journal-title":"Tip Fak Mecm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib27","first-page":"437","article-title":"[Treatment of paralysis of the trapezius]","volume":"270","author":"Lange","year":"1951","journal-title":"Langenbecks Arch Klin Chir Ver Dtsch Z Chir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.3109\/17453677308989074","article-title":"Treatment of paralysis of the trapezius muscle by the Eden-Lange operation","volume":"44","author":"Langenski\u00f6ld","year":"1974","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2009.02.015","article-title":"The active elevation lag sign and the triangle sign: new clinical signs of trapezius palsy","volume":"18","author":"Levy","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2015.11.015","article-title":"MRI findings of spinal accessory neuropathy","volume":"71","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1590\/S1808-86942011000200017","article-title":"Spinal accessory nerve neuropathy following neck dissection","volume":"77","author":"Lima","year":"2011","journal-title":"Braz J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.12.SPINE18498","article-title":"Reconstruction of the spinal accessory nerve with selective fascicular nerve transfer of the upper trunk","volume":"31","author":"Mayer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-7681(91)90109-2","article-title":"Accessory nerve injury: conservative or surgical treatment?","volume":"16","author":"Ogino","year":"1991","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.47.6.630","article-title":"Conduction studies along the accessory nerve and follow-up of patients with trapezius palsy","volume":"47","author":"Petrera","year":"1984","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.85B8.14179","article-title":"Levator scapulae and rhomboid transfer for paralysis of trapezius. The Eden-Lange procedure","volume":"85","author":"Romero","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26342","article-title":"Ultrasound in the management of iatrogenic spinal accessory nerve palsy at the posterior cervical triangle area","volume":"59","author":"Shen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480600895151","article-title":"Clinical results of rehabilitation for accessory nerve palsy after radical neck dissection","volume":"127","author":"Shimada","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489415589365","article-title":"Quantification of trapezius muscle innervation during neck dissections: cervical plexus versus the spinal accessory nerve","volume":"124","author":"Svenberg Lind","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-005-0004-9","article-title":"Variations in the surface anatomy of the spinal accessory nerve in the posterior triangle","volume":"27","author":"Symes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1884","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200409000-00005","article-title":"Surgical management of trapezius palsy","volume":"86","author":"Teboul","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678408992360","article-title":"Accessory nerve injury","volume":"55","author":"Vastam\u00e4ki","year":"1984","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib42","first-page":"521","article-title":"The posterior triangle and the painful shoulder: spinal accessory nerve injury","volume":"78","author":"Williams","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib43","first-page":"375","article-title":"Trapezius paralysis following minor surgical procedures in the posterior cervical triangle; results following cranial nerve suture","volume":"136","author":"Woodhall","year":"1952","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014_bib44","article-title":"Selective upper trunk posterior division fascicular nerve transfer for proximal spinal accessory neuropathy: illustrative case","volume":"6","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurge Case Lessons"}],"container-title":["JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666639124000610?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666639124000610?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T22:16:59Z","timestamp":1722032219000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666639124000610"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S2666639124000610"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-6391"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-6391","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Paralysis of the trapezius muscle: evaluation and surgical management","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xrrt.2024.03.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Shoulder & Elbow Surgeons.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}