{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T20:25:54Z","timestamp":1786998354472,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jsesreviewsreportstech.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T22:44:35Z","timestamp":1755557075000},"page":"790-797","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Advancements and current trends in bearing surface technology for total shoulder arthroplasty: a comprehensive review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5319-0231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Maunder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara M.","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anand M.","family":"Murthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3013-7959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan A.","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2170","article-title":"Aseptic loosening of total joint replacements: mechanisms underlying osteolysis and potential therapies","volume":"9","author":"Abu-Amer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2019.01.014","article-title":"The effect of vitamin E\u2013enhanced cross-linked polyethylene on wear in shoulder arthroplasty\u2014a wear simulator study","volume":"28","author":"Alexander","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11030951","article-title":"Polycrystalline diamond as a potential material for the hard-on-hard bearing of total hip prosthesis: von mises stress analysis","volume":"11","author":"Ammarullah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib4","first-page":"7","article-title":"Mechanism and clinical significance of wear debris-induced osteolysis","author":"Amstutz","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.30835","article-title":"Dose effects of cross-linking polyethylene for total knee arthroplasty on wear performance and mechanical properties","volume":"83","author":"Asano","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib6","series-title":"Hip, Knee & Shoulder Arthroplasty: 2022 annual report","first-page":"318","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(05)80018-7","article-title":"Pioneers of shoulder replacement: themistocles Gluck and Jules Emile P\u00e9an","volume":"4","author":"Bankes","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2019.09.032","article-title":"Proximal humeral osteolysis and glenoid radiolucent lines in an anatomic shoulder arthroplasty: a comparison of a ceramic and a metal humeral head component","volume":"29","author":"Bell","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.08.010","article-title":"Increasing incidence of primary reverse and anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty in the United States","volume":"30","author":"Best","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2002.125807","article-title":"Cemented polyethylene versus uncemented metal-backed glenoid components in total shoulder arthroplasty: a prospective, double-blind, randomized study","volume":"11","author":"Boileau","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"1 Suppl S","key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147s","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.10.006","article-title":"Grammont reverse prosthesis: design, rationale, and biomechanics","volume":"14","author":"Boileau","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2006.01.003","article-title":"Neer award 2005: the Grammont reverse shoulder prosthesis: results in cuff tear arthritis, fracture sequelae, and revision arthroplasty","volume":"15","author":"Boileau","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1177\/1758573218790119","article-title":"Journey of the glenoid in anatomic total shoulder replacement","volume":"11","author":"Castagna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Shoulder Elbow"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.92B10.23578","article-title":"Mid-term results of a metal-backed glenoid component in total shoulder replacement","volume":"92-B","author":"Castagna","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/3236679","article-title":"Vitamin E-Enhanced liners in primary total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2021","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.06.002","article-title":"Short-term outcomes and survival of pyrocarbon hemiarthroplasty in the young arthritic shoulder","volume":"31","author":"Cointat","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.106B5.BJJ-2023-1093.R1","article-title":"Revision rate in metal compared to ceramic humeral head total shoulder arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty","volume":"106-B","author":"Davies","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib18","article-title":"Metal-on-Metal hip arthroplasty: a comprehensive review of the current literature","volume":"15","author":"Davis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2023.12.012","article-title":"Short-term radiographic and clinical outcomes of patients treated with anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty using a modern-generation implant with a metal-backed glenoid component","volume":"33","author":"DiPasquale","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.07.028","article-title":"Comparing revision rates and survival of pyrocarbon and non-pyrocarbon heads in total shoulder and hemi-shoulder arthroplasty","volume":"34","author":"Douven","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.5397\/cise.2023.00024","article-title":"Pyrocarbon hemiarthroplasty and the shoulder: biomechanical and clinical results of an emerging treatment option","volume":"27","author":"Fares","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Shoulder Elb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib22","article-title":"Prevalence of shoulder arthroplasty in the United States and the increasing burden of revision shoulder arthroplasty","volume":"6","author":"Farley","year":"2021","journal-title":"JB JS Open Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib23","first-page":"78","article-title":"Ortho plastics: the adoption and evolution of polyethylene in orthopedic surgery","volume":"81","author":"Feder","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bull Hosp Jt Dis (2013)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2432","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1733-6","article-title":"A history of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty","volume":"469","author":"Flatow","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artd.2021.02.001","article-title":"The oxinium arthrogram: a sign of oxidized zirconium implant failure","volume":"8","author":"Frye","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthroplast Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.100B12.BJJ-2018-0371.R1","article-title":"Evaluation of in vivo wear of vitamin E-diffused highly crosslinked polyethylene at five years","volume":"100-B","author":"Galea","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2023.01.020","volume":"32","author":"Gao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib28","first-page":"190","article-title":"Titanium cutaneous metallosis after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty","volume":"2","author":"Garnier","year":"2022","journal-title":"JSES Rev Rep Tech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2023.06.021","article-title":"Pyrocarbon humeral heads for hemishoulder arthroplasty grant satisfactory clinical scores with minimal glenoid erosion at 5-9 years of follow-up","volume":"33","author":"Garret","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.22203\/eCM.v037a01","article-title":"Pyrocarbon versus cobalt-chromium in the context of spherical interposition implants: an in vitro study on cultured chondrocytes","volume":"37","author":"Hannoun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Cell Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/jab.770060405","article-title":"Mechanical and histological fixation of hydroxylapatite-coated pyrolytic carbon and titanium alloy implants: a report of short-term results","volume":"6","author":"Hetherington","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Appl Biomater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2021.121127","article-title":"Aseptic and septic prosthetic joint loosening: impact of biomaterial wear on immune cell function, inflammation, and infection","volume":"278","author":"Hodges","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-014-2135-0","article-title":"Reversed shoulder arthroplasty with inversed bearing materials: 2-year clinical and radiographic results in 101 patients","volume":"135","author":"Irlenbusch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.36635","article-title":"Revolutionary advances in 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymers as biomaterials","volume":"107","author":"Ishihara","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-199407000-00004","article-title":"Wear debris in total joint replacements","volume":"2","author":"Jacobs","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jseint.2020.08.011","article-title":"Larger polyethylene glenospheres in reverse shoulder arthroplasty: are they safe?","volume":"4","author":"Jones","year":"2020","journal-title":"JSES Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1177\/1758573219866431","article-title":"Mid-term results of a stemless ceramic on polyethylene shoulder prosthesis - a prospective multicentre study","volume":"13","author":"Jordan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Shoulder Elbow"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2023.11.016","article-title":"Effect of vitamin E\u2013enhanced highly cross-linked polyethylene on wear rate and particle debris in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty: a biomechanical comparison to ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene","volume":"33","author":"Khan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-023-02092-6","article-title":"Can convertible metal-backed glenoid components replace cemented polyethylene glenoid components in anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty?","volume":"23","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-3135-6","article-title":"Loosening and revision rates after total shoulder arthroplasty: a systematic review of cemented all-polyethylene glenoid and three modern designs of metal-backed glenoid","volume":"21","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.09.010","article-title":"Inverted-bearing reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: scapular notching does not affect clinical outcomes and complications at up to 7 years of follow-up","volume":"31","author":"Kohut","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jseint.2024.04.007","article-title":"From Neer to now \u2013 80 years of shoulder arthroplasty","volume":"9","author":"Levine","year":"2024","journal-title":"JSES Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3970","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-024-09426-6","article-title":"Composite lubricating layer with enhanced wear-resistant properties between HXLPE and Cu\/ZrO2 ceramic friction interface","volume":"59","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Mater Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.03.072","article-title":"Is oxidized zirconium femoral head superior to other bearing types in total hip arthroplasty? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Malahias","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1177\/1758573220914277","article-title":"Modern trabecular metal-backed glenoid components in total shoulder arthroplasty: what is the evidence? A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Malahias","year":"2021","journal-title":"Shoulder Elbow"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib46","first-page":"3","article-title":"Poly-Ether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) in orthopaedic practice- a current concept review","volume":"1","author":"Mbogori","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Orthop Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.08.017","volume":"31","author":"McBride","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.07.040","article-title":"The lexicon of polyethylene wear in artificial joints","volume":"28","author":"McKellop","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.19.00212","article-title":"The biomaterials of total shoulder arthroplasty: their features, function, and effect on outcomes","volume":"8","author":"Mehta","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBJS Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2018.12.018","article-title":"Posterior and inferior glenosphere position in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty supports deltoid efficiency for shoulder flexion and elevation","volume":"28","author":"Meisterhans","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2017.05.008","article-title":"Influence of humeral head material on wear performance in anatomic shoulder joint arthroplasty","volume":"26","author":"Mueller","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.10.014","article-title":"Evaluation of clinical and radiographic outcomes after total shoulder arthroplasty with inset Trabecular Metal\u2013backed glenoid","volume":"31","author":"Murphy","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195537020-00001","article-title":"Articular replacement for the humeral head","volume":"37-a","author":"Neer","year":"1955","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(53)90606-0","article-title":"Fracture of the neck of the humerus with dislocation of the head fragment","volume":"85","author":"Neer","year":"1953","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198264030-00001","article-title":"Recent experience in total shoulder replacement","volume":"64","author":"Neer","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6107","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11206107","article-title":"Clinical and radiologic outcomes after anatomical total shoulder replacement using a modular metal-backed glenoid after a mean Follow-Up of 5.7 years","volume":"11","author":"Noschajew","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-015-4231-z","article-title":"Future patient demand for shoulder arthroplasty by younger patients: national projections","volume":"473","author":"Padegimas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1097\/CORR.0000000000002293","article-title":"Reduced revision rates in total shoulder arthroplasty with crosslinked polyethylene: results from the Australian orthopaedic Association national joint replacement registry","volume":"480","author":"Page","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.M.00674","article-title":"Metal-backed glenoid components have a higher rate of failure and fail by different modes in comparison with all-polyethylene components: a systematic review","volume":"96","author":"Papadonikolakis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.028","article-title":"Comparison of complication types and rates associated with anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty","volume":"30","author":"Parada","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(96)00152-4","article-title":"Tribological evaluation of oxidized zirconium using an articular cartilage counterface: a novel material for potential use in hemiarthroplasty","volume":"18","author":"Patel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2014.05.001","article-title":"Wear rates of highly cross-linked polyethylene humeral liners subjected to alternating cycles of glenohumeral flexion and abduction","volume":"24","author":"Peers","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2019.103553","article-title":"Wear behaviour of polyethylene glenoid inserts against PyroCarbon humeral heads in shoulder arthroplasties","volume":"103","author":"Ram\u00edrez-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Mech Behav Biomed Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1302\/2633-1462.61.BJO-2024-0118.R1","article-title":"Convertible metal-backed glenoid in total shoulder arthroplasty","volume":"6","author":"Ranieri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bone Joint Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.03.069","article-title":"Inverted-bearing reverse shoulder arthroplasty: long-term survivorship, complications, clinical, and radiological outcomes","volume":"34","author":"Ranieri","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib66","series-title":"Annual report 2024","first-page":"572","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e957","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20160616-05","article-title":"Early outcomes following metal-on-metal reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in patients younger than 50 years","volume":"39","author":"Riley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2022.02.019","article-title":"ACR appropriateness criteria imaging after shoulder arthroplasty: 2021 update","volume":"19","author":"Roberts","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1080\/17453674.2020.1852785","article-title":"Reduced wear in vitamin E-infused highly cross-linked polyethylene cups: 5-year results of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"92","author":"Rochcongar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib70","series-title":"Joint replacement technology","first-page":"145","article-title":"5 - Pyrocarbon for joint replacement","author":"Ross","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.2340\/17453674.2024.40948","article-title":"International trends in shoulder replacement: a meta-analysis from 11 public joint registers","volume":"95","author":"Rupani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04988-x","article-title":"Mid-term outcomes of a stemless ceramic head anatomic total shoulder replacement","volume":"23","author":"Simon","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotri.2018.01.001","article-title":"Shoulder simulator wear test of five contemporary total shoulder prostheses with three axes of rotation and sliding motion","volume":"13","author":"Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biotribology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.03.013","article-title":"Minimum fifteen-year follow-up of Neer hemiarthroplasty and total shoulder arthroplasty in patients aged fifty years or younger","volume":"13","author":"Sperling","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-20-00166","article-title":"Prosthetic bearing surfaces in anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty","volume":"29","author":"Stone","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(97)90081-1","article-title":"Total shoulder arthroplasty with the neer prosthesis: long-term results","volume":"6","author":"Torchia","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2021.102896","article-title":"Promising results after hemi-shoulder arthroplasty using pyrolytic carbon heads in young and middle-aged patients","volume":"107","author":"Tsitlakidis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001711011100","article-title":"Shoulder arthroplasty: historical considerations","volume":"11","author":"Zilber","year":"2017","journal-title":"Open Orthop J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2007.12.004","article-title":"Total shoulder arthroplasty using the superior approach: influence on glenoid loosening and superior migration in the long-term follow-up after Neer II prosthesis installation","volume":"17","author":"Zilber","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"}],"container-title":["JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666639125001634?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666639125001634?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T20:35:41Z","timestamp":1784320541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666639125001634"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S2666639125001634"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-6391"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-6391","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Advancements and current trends in bearing surface technology for total shoulder arthroplasty: a comprehensive review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xrrt.2025.08.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}