{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:35:58Z","timestamp":1790804158636,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007737","name":"Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Epilepsieforschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","epilepsybehavior.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsy &amp; Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,18]],"date-time":"2018-09-18T14:24:13Z","timestamp":1537280653000},"page":"41-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Psychiatric disorders and trauma history in patients with pure PNES and patients with PNES and coexisting epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Labudda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Frauenheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Illies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inga","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Schrecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Vietmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8666-1640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian G.","family":"Bien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0005","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12356","article-title":"Minimum requirements for the diagnosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a staged approach: a report from the International League Against Epilepsy Nonepileptic Seizures Task Force","volume":"54","author":"Lafrance","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000098890.13946.F5","article-title":"Frequency of epilepsy in patients with psychogenic seizures monitored by video-EEG","volume":"61","author":"Martin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2010000200003","article-title":"Epilepsy in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures","volume":"68","author":"Marchetti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2015.03.015","article-title":"Epidemiology of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures","volume":"46","author":"Asadi-Pooya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2013.03.033","article-title":"Psychological trauma in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: trauma characteristics and those who develop PTSD","volume":"28","author":"Myers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2013.07.012","article-title":"Psychiatric disorders in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and drug-resistant epilepsy: a study of an Argentine population","volume":"29","author":"Sc\u00e9vola","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.48.3.230","article-title":"Non-epileptic seizures and other functional neurological symptoms: predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors","volume":"48","author":"Reuber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2011.07.001","article-title":"Patients with epilepsy and patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: video-EEG, clinical and neuropsychological evaluation","volume":"20","author":"Turner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2006.04.003","article-title":"Psychiatric disorders in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures, with and without comorbid epilepsy","volume":"15","author":"D'Alessio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2014.09.003","article-title":"Biopsychosocial predictors of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures","volume":"108","author":"Elliott","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2014.04.002","article-title":"Distinguishing between patients with pure psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and those with comorbid epilepsy by means of clinical data","volume":"35","author":"Hoepner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S1525-5050(02)00683-2","article-title":"Psychopathologies in patients with nonepileptic seizures with and without comorbid epilepsy: how different are they?","volume":"4","author":"Kuyk","year":"2003","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2016.01.003","article-title":"Psychological and psychiatric aspects of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES): a systematic review","volume":"45","author":"Brown","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02394.x","article-title":"Basal hypercortisolism and trauma in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures","volume":"51","author":"Bakvis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2010.01.003","article-title":"Clinical features of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a study of 64 cases in southwest China","volume":"17","author":"An","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.2000.tb00187.x","article-title":"A comparative study of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder prevalence in epilepsy patients and psychogenic nonepileptic seizure patients","volume":"41","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2015.09.007","article-title":"Childhood trauma and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a review of findings with speculations on the underlying mechanisms","volume":"52","author":"Beghi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1247564","article-title":"The German version of the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ): preliminary psychometric properties","volume":"60","author":"Wingenfeld","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2013.06.005","article-title":"Comparisons of childhood trauma, alexithymia, and defensive styles in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures vs. epilepsy: implications for the etiology of conversion disorder","volume":"75","author":"Kaplan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2010.11.015","article-title":"Emotional trauma and abuse in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures","volume":"20","author":"Proen\u00e7a","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2012.12.010","article-title":"Demographic and clinical manifestations of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: the impact of co-existing epilepsy in patients or their family members","volume":"27","author":"Asadi-Pooya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000049","article-title":"The role of early life stress in adult psychiatric disorders","volume":"201","author":"Carr","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.10.021","article-title":"Limbic scars: long-term consequences of childhood maltreatment revealed by functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"71","author":"Dannlowski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1002\/pmh.1239","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment and personality disorders in the USA: specificity of effects and the impact of gender","volume":"8","author":"Waxman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Personal Ment Health"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0130","article-title":"The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.18.3.262","article-title":"Psychometric qualities of the German version of the posttraumatic diagnostic scale (PTDS)","volume":"18","author":"Griesel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0140","series-title":"Strukturiertes Klinisches Interview f\u00fcr DSM-IV (SKID I und SKID II)","author":"Wittchen","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0145","series-title":"International classification of diseases and related health problems \u2014 10th revision","author":"WHO","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00235-1","article-title":"Adult health status of women with histories of childhood abuse and neglect","volume":"107","author":"Walker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2012.07.013","article-title":"Psychiatric comorbidity in veterans with psychogenic seizures","volume":"25","author":"Salinsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2017.06.005","article-title":"Current psychiatric disorders in patients with epilepsy are predicted by maltreatment experiences during childhood","volume":"135","author":"Labudda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2015.12.037","article-title":"Psychiatric comorbidity in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures compared with epilepsy","volume":"56","author":"Diprose","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2017.07.010","article-title":"Why talking about psychiatric comorbidity in PNES?","volume":"75","author":"Cornaggia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20444","article-title":"A developmental approach to complex PTSD: childhood and adult cumulative trauma as predictors of symptom complexity","volume":"22","author":"Cloitre","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1080\/08995600802574530","article-title":"The relationship between childhood trauma, combat exposure, and posttraumatic stress disorder in male veterans","volume":"21","author":"Owens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mil Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3402\/ejpt.v7.30964","article-title":"Relationship of early-life trauma, war-related trauma, personality traits, and PTSD symptom severity: a retrospective study on female civilian victims of war","volume":"7","author":"Stevanovi\u0107","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.00469","article-title":"Potentially traumatic events, posttraumatic stress disorder, and depression among adults in Puerto Rico","volume":"7","author":"Overstreet","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2013.832730","article-title":"Cumulative exposure to traumatic events in older adults","volume":"18","author":"Ogle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000107","article-title":"Cumulative trauma and current posttraumatic stress disorder status in general population and inmate samples","volume":"8","author":"Briere","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol Trauma Theory Res Pract Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.01.058","article-title":"PTSD symptom severity and sensitivity to blood, injury, and mutilation in U.S. army special operations soldiers","volume":"250","author":"Naifeh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-008-2467-5","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder in Germany. Results of a nationwide epidemiological study","volume":"79","author":"Maercker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2012.10.012","article-title":"Subgroup classification in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures","volume":"26","author":"Bodde","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000326593.50863.21","article-title":"Predictors of antecedent factors in psychogenic nonepileptic attacks: multivariate analysis","volume":"71","author":"Duncan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2003.08.006","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder, dissociation, and sexual abuse history in epileptic and nonepileptic seizure patients","volume":"4","author":"Dikel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.2190\/YDK2-C66W-CL6L-N5TK","article-title":"Trauma and dissociation in conversion disorder and chronic pelvic pain","volume":"34","author":"Spinhoven","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1177\/1550059414555905","article-title":"An integrative neurocircuit perspective on psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and functional movement disorders: neural functional unawareness","volume":"46","author":"Perez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin EEG Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2009.12.008","article-title":"Heterogeneity in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: understanding the role of psychiatric and neurological factors","volume":"17","author":"Baslet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2004.02.008","article-title":"Gender differences in psychogenic non-epileptic seizures","volume":"14","author":"Oto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2016.09.015","article-title":"Early childhood trauma and hippocampal volumes in patients with epileptic and psychogenic seizures","volume":"64","author":"Johnstone","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2017.03.018","article-title":"Personality traits in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) and psychogenic movement disorder (PMD): neuroticism and perfectionism","volume":"97","author":"Ekanayake","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(18)30051-8","article-title":"Stressful life events and maltreatment in conversion (functional neurological) disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis of case\u2013control studies","volume":"5","author":"Ludwig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/S1059-1311(03)00064-5","article-title":"Are there physical risk factors for psychogenic non-epileptic seizures in patients with epilepsy?","volume":"12","author":"Reuber","year":"2003","journal-title":"Seizure"}],"container-title":["Epilepsy &amp; Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525505018305833?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525505018305833?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T18:25:38Z","timestamp":1761503138000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1525505018305833"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["S1525505018305833"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-5050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-5050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Psychiatric disorders and trauma history in patients with pure PNES and patients with PNES and coexisting epilepsy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Epilepsy & Behavior","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.08.027","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}